Pinpointing the role of language, emotion, and culture in intercultural interactions as the three basic needs of intercultural interactions is one of the most important problems in the intercultural ...field. Therefore, this paper probed the role of language, emotion, and culture simultaneously in intercultural communication in Iran. By using convenience sampling, one hundred Iranian language teachers were chosen and their language proficiency and ICC levels were specified by using Oxford Placement Test (OPT) and intercultural communicative competence (ICC) questionnaire. Then, the researchers used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to classify ICC questions under language, emotion, and culture categories. After classifying the questions, the researchers used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), standard solution coefficient, standard path coefficient, T value, and Sobel formula to analyze the collected data from the ICC questionnaire based on participants' answers. The results revealed that language, culture, and emotion were the main macro-elements of intercultural communication. Also, it was shown that language was the most important need and macro-element in intercultural communication and then the second and third place went to culture and emotion respectively. It was found that emotion acted as a mediator variable between language and culture and there was a relationship among language, culture, and emotion, too. This study was of high importance for language teachers, curriculum designers, textbook writers, intercultural experts, and cultural psychologists
The article considers the types of needs of the individual in the field of culture and art as a communicative component of modern society, namely, the cultural and aesthetic needs, which are based on ...the dissemination of social information. Social information in society is the most important condition for maintaining the activities of individual and collective entities at the level of modern requirements, goals and objectives of the individual. In the modern world, the interaction of cultures is the basis of social development and is of paramount importance, occupying a leading place in the value orientations of people. The information space creates a favorable field for the formation of personality, but also becomes an area of actual reality in which targeted influence and management of human interests, needs, beliefs and views are conducted. The basic needs of people in the field of culture and art can be considered as a way classification of their communicative activity. Developed cultural and aesthetic information needs absorb many of the highest human needs: in building a universal picture of the world and knowing those sides and phenomena that most interest a person in self-knowledge, self-education; in discussing the crucial issues of human being; in communication and self-expression in the development of their human forces and abilities.
El artículo considera los tipos de necesidades del individuo en el campo de la cultura y el arte
como componente comunicativo de la sociedad moderna, es decir, las necesidades culturales y
estéticas, que se basan en la difusión de información social. La información social en la sociedad
es la condición más importante para mantener las actividades de las entidades individuales y
colectivas al nivel de los requisitos, metas y objetivos modernos del individuo. En el mundo
moderno, la interacción de culturas es la base del desarrollo social y es de suma importancia, ya
que ocupa un lugar destacado en las orientaciones de valores de las personas. El espacio de
información crea un campo propicio para la formación de la personalidad, pero también se
convierte en un área de la realidad actual en la que se lleva a cabo la influencia y la gestión
específicas de los intereses, necesidades, creencias y opiniones humanas. Las necesidades básicas
de las personas en el campo de la cultura y el arte pueden considerarse como una forma de
clasificación de su actividad comunicativa. Las necesidades de información cultural y estética
desarrolladas absorben muchas de las necesidades humanas más altas: en la construcción de una
imagen universal del mundo y en el conocimiento de los aspectos y fenómenos que más interesan a
una persona en el autoconocimiento, la autoeducación; al discutir los temas cruciales del ser
humano; en comunicación y autoexpresión en el desarrollo de sus fuerzas y habilidades humanas.
This article refers to the issue related to cultural needs and their indulging. Cultural services are an increasingly intensifying service sector. Acquisition and consumption of services is one of ...the areas of consumer needs. Satisfying cultural needs is associated with spending free time in a significant way. Knowledge and awareness of culture raise the social position in the long term, so in this sense culture also has an economic overtone, because it affects the quality of life also in the material dimension. The main objective of the work as well as the research being carried out is to determine the level of meeting the cultural needs of the surveyed respondents, as well as the forms of cultural services they use.
In China, along with other countries in the Global South, the number of national parks is rapidly increasing. The primary objectives of this increase are to protect global biodiversity and ecosystem ...services. These national parks are often established in areas rich in biodiversity and abundant in cultural diversity. Current conservation policies and practices take some considerations of cultural ecosystem services (CES). Despite these efforts, many policies and practices do not meaningfully incorporate local voices in conservation and development endeavors, but rather merely select conservation as an ambiguous goal, or focus on promoting the recreational or touristic value of a local region. Meaningfully incorporating CES into conservation measures thus presents a global challenge. Using empirically grounded case studies in Pudacuo National Park in the Tibetan region of Southwest China as an example, this research documents the processes by which CES were incorporated into both conservation efforts and the construction of this national park. We argue that examining CES should be contextualized via the exploration of cultural practices within specific locales. Incorporating CES can contribute to the success of conservation efforts, and this incorporation can also meet local spiritual and religious needs. The policy implication emerging from this research is that the current policies that guide the development of national parks in China and beyond must recognize local cultural practices and consider local cultural needs to highlight inclusivity when planning conservation projects.
The elderly are a section of society that as a growing population and also due to their physical and age characteristics have special cultural needs that require a special program and urban space. ...Therefore, the present study seeks to investigate the cultural needs of these groups.To obtain this information, a researcher-made survey and questionnaire was used among the elderly in Tehran. Sampling based on 22 districts of Tehran was done by multi-stage cluster sampling. For this purpose, in the 22 districts of Tehran, according to 800 people sample size (about 36 questionnaires for each district), A number of neighborhoods were selected and questionnaires were randomly filled in by referring to the doors of houses, places of gathering of the elderly such as: parks, Tarehbar Squares, Shahrvand Store and Metro. filled out questionnaires. Finally, this study showed that the needs of these groups are prioritized in the following order: 1- Need for skills training and knowledge promotion 2- Need to provide conference facilities 3- Leisure tour needs 4- Need for cultural and artistic training 5- Recreational and sports needs 6- Religious cultural needs 7- Need for public spaces. Also, based on the obtained results, the most important reasons for the elderly not welcoming the cultural centers and facilities created by the municipality are as follows: 1- Lack of information 2- Indifference and personal preoccupation 3- Lack of cultural centers in the place of residence and lack of access 4 - Lack of interest 5- Low quality of facilities.
Renewed focus on mental health has put the spotlight on the 'black box' that is the acute mental health facility. Drawing on a larger programme of research, key issues relevant to the planning and ...design of mental health units were identified from in-depth interviews with those using the facilities. Contemporary issues included visibility from the outside and wayfinding, the need to accommodate cultural needs extending to the family and community, safety and violence, the need for access to nature and fresh air, and facilitating meaningful activities. Stigma and its spatial expression were a crosscutting theme throughout.
Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; identifier: ACTRN12617001469303.
For perinatal palliative care (PPC) to be truly holistic, it is imperative that clinicians are conversant in the cultural, spiritual and religious needs of parents. That cultural, spiritual and ...religious needs for parents should be sensitively attended to are widely touted in the PPC literature and extant protocols, however there is little guidance available to the clinician as to how to meet these needs. The objective of this review article is to report what is known about the cultural, spiritual and religious practices of parents and how this might impact neonates who are born with a life-limiting fetal diagnosis (LLFD). The following religions will be considered-Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and Christianity-in terms of what may be helpful for clinicians to consider regarding rituals and doctrine related to PPC. Data Sources include PubMed, Ovid, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Medline from Jan 2000-June 2020 using the terms "perinatal palliative care," "perinatal hospice," "cultur
," and "religiou
." Inclusion criteria includes all empirical and research studies published in English that focus on the cultural and religious needs of parents who opted to continue a pregnancy in which the fetus had a life-limiting condition or had received perinatal palliative care. Gray literature from religious leaders about the Great Religions were also considered. Results from these sources contributing to the knowledge base of cultural, spiritual and religious dimensions of perinatal palliative care are considered in this paper.
Informal carers provide an important role in supporting people with cancer. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience higher cancer mortality than other Australians. To date, very ...little is known about the support needs of carers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults with cancer. This article explored these needs through a qualitative study. Twenty-two semi-structured qualitative interviews and one focus group were conducted with carers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults with cancer (n = 12) and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cancer survivors (n = 15) from Queensland, Australia. Half of the carers interviewed were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Australians. Interviews were transcribed, coded and thematically analysed following an interpretive phenomenological approach. Thematic analysis of carer and survivor interviews revealed four key themes relating to carers’ needs: managing multiple responsibilities; maintaining the carer’s own health and wellbeing; accessing practical support and information; and engaging with the health system. Within these overarching themes, multiple needs were identified including specific needs relevant for carers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, such as advocating for the patient; accessing Indigenous support services and health workers; and ensuring that the cultural needs of the person are recognised and respected. Identifying the needs of informal carers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cancer patients will enable greater understanding of the support that carers require and inform the development of strategies to meet these areas of need.
The paper examines the possibility of exercising the right to culture by meeting the needs in the field of culture within the institutional system in Serbia. The unclear definition of the right to ...culture and the assumption that cultural needs exist "per se" within public practical policies, leads to cause-and-effect mechanisms and systems that result in the decline in the interest of citizens for art and culture, and ultimately in an unexpressed and undeveloped need in the field of culture in a large number of citizens. In the second part of the paper, the results of the empirical research carried out in the Novi Sad theaters are presented, and they point out that a theater with its cultural activities satisfies only the existing cultural needs. Such an arrangement of the institutional cultural system implies indirect discrimination against the rest of the population.
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