Condensed matter is thermodynamically unstable in a vacuum. That is what thermodynamics tells us through the relation showing that condensed matter at temperatures above absolute zero always has ...nonzero vapour pressure. This instability implies that at low temperatures energy must not be distributed equally among atoms in the crystal lattice but must be concentrated. In dynamical systems such concentrations of energy in localized excitations are well known in the form of discrete breathers, solitons and related nonlinear phenomena. It follows that to satisfy thermodynamics such localized excitations must exist in systems of condensed matter at arbitrarily low temperature and as such the nonlinear dynamics of condensed matter is crucial for its thermodynamics.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Stokes at 200 (Part 1)’.
Stokes, Tyndall, Ruskin and the nineteenth-century beginnings of climate science Cardoso, Silvana S. S.; Cartwright, Julyan H. E.; Huppert, Herbert E.
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences,
06/2020, Letnik:
378, Številka:
2174
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Although we humans have known since the first smokey campfires of prehistory that our activities might alter our local surroundings, the nineteenth century saw the first indications that humankind ...might alter the global environment; what we currently know as anthropogenic climate change. We are now celebrating the bicentenaries of three figures with a hand in the birth of climate science. George Stokes, John Tyndall and John Ruskin were born in August 1819, August 1820 and February 1819, respectively. We look back from the perspective of two centuries following their births. We outline their contributions to climate science: understanding the equations of fluid motion and the recognition of the need to collect global weather data together with comprehending the role in regulating terrestrial temperature played by gases in the atmosphere. This knowledge was accompanied by fears of the Earth’s regression to another ice age, together with others that industrialization was ruining humankind’s health, morals and creativity. The former fears of global cooling were justified but seem strange now that the balance has tipped so far the other way towards global warming; the latter, on the other hand, today seem very prescient.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Stokes at 200 (Part 1)’.
Many people in the healthcare industry mistake the turbulent cryptocurrency market for a technology that offers significant benefits to healthcare administration, including improved interoperability, ...revenue recapture, and enhanced security and patient safety. Recently, these subjects were explored during the ConVerge2Xcelerate (ConV2X) 2023 Symposium held at Loyola University in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Who benefits most from this discussion - service providers, those seeking to transform outdated business models, or both? The mention of blockchain technology often discourages conversation, causing those who have sound success solutions to approach the topic from alternate perspectives. In the Blockchain in Healthcare Platform Approaches Special Issue, Volume 7, Issue 1, 2024, we share valuable insights based on specific use cases to provide healthcare executives with a nuanced understanding. Several open-access recordings are available, providing a glimpse into the wealth of knowledge and insights shared to advance the business of health with blockchain technology. Recognizing the need for a paradigm shift, we explore topical subjects and cases with various thought leaders in the field.
Artificial intelligence for the public sector Mikhaylov, Slava Jankin; Esteve, Marc; Campion, Averill
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences,
09/2018, Letnik:
376, Številka:
2128
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Public sector organizations are increasingly interested in using data science and artificial intelligence capabilities to deliver policy and generate efficiencies in high-uncertainty environments. ...The long-term success of data science and artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector relies on effectively embedding it into delivery solutions for policy implementation. However, governments cannot do this integration of AI into public service delivery on their own. The UK Government Industrial Strategy is clear that delivering on the AI grand challenge requires collaboration between universities and the public and private sectors. This cross-sectoral collaborative approach is the norm in applied AI centres of excellence around the world. Despite their popularity, cross-sector collaborations entail serious management challenges that hinder their success. In this article we discuss the opportunities for and challenges of AI for the public sector. Finally, we propose a series of strategies to successfully manage these cross-sectoral collaborations.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The growing ubiquity of algorithms in society: implications, impacts and innovations’.
