Gregory Kaplan's translation is preceded by a long introduction on the fascinating history of the Arguments, on Morteira's intellectual background, and on the particular challenges the young rabbi ...faced within the newly established Portuguese community, comprised of former conversos from the Iberian Peninsula; the aim of the religious leadership was to convert them into halachic Jews. ...one could draw comparisons between the Arguments, which appears to have served essentially internal purposes, and similar early modern Jewish critiques of Christianity—some of which would be printed during the latter half of the eighteenth century by radical freethinkers and atheists with an essentially secular agenda. ...the specific nature and originality of Morteira's anti-Christian arguments might emerge. ...another comparison can be made between Morteira's Arguments and his sermons, published in 2005 by Marc Saperstein, or his voluminous Tradado da Verdade da Lei de Moisés of 1659–60, edited in 1988 by Herman Prins Salomon.
Siegfried based her volume on Cavendish's final, 1668 edition and includes a detailed textual history of Poems and Fancies and a substantive contextualization of its themes and structures in her ...introduction, which also includes an informative summary of Cavendish's life, her influences, and an outline of her evolving understanding of science and philosophy. With measured editorial guidance, Siegfried walks us through such changes so that we might recognize the maturity of the final edition in which Cavendish adopts a “seasoned and far less apologetic authorial tone” (16). Yet reading the collection in its entirety reveals the complexity of her poetic strategy; connections across poems and sections emerge, revealing a curious mind testing and retesting premises on mathematics and metaphysics, nature and forms of matter, animal intelligence and humanity's role in the micro- and macrocosm.
Motovun je gradić smješten na povoljnom strateškom položaju koji s uzvisine kontrolira dolinu rijeke Mirne prema njenom izlazu na more. Takva lokacija i zanimljiv okolni reljef privukao je još od ...prapovijesti ljude da na tom mjestu osnuju naselje. Bogatstvo prirodnih resursa, poput neobične pojave izvora vode na samom vrhu brda, osiguralo je uvjete za razvoj urbanog središta u srednjem vijeku. Ipak, tijekom političkih previranja u srednjem vijeku Motovun je doveden u nezavidnu poziciju granične utvrde čiji su teritoriji konstantno bili predmetom napada susjednih sila. Moćni je sustav fortifikacija stoljećima štitio kaštel i predstavljao nepremostivu prepreku za napadače. U ovom se radu analizira srednjovjekovni razvoj i svrha fortifikacijskih elemenata Motovuna, kao i razloga njihova kasnijeg propadanja. Pruženi su također podaci o vojnicima, odnosno stražarima i opremi s kojom su raspolagali i koju su koristili u odbijanju neprijateljskih napada. Analizirani su i članci
Motovunskog statuta
koji se odnose na fortifikacijske elemente, njihovo održavanje i cjelokupnu obranu gradskog teritorija. Cilj je dakle rada pružiti pregled razvoja fortifikacija Motovuna u kontekstu njihove važnosti za srednjovjekovni grad, pa su tako u posljednjem poglavlju navedeni primjeri vojnih operacija koje su se vodile na teritoriju Motovuna, odnosno primjeri sukoba oko razgraničenja koji su obilježili povijest kaštela, a koji opravdavaju postojanje tako pozamašnog sustava motovunskih fortifikacija.
Motovun is a town located in a favourable strategic position that controls the valley of the river Mirna towards its exit to the sea. Thanks to its favourable location and interesting terrain configuration, Motovun has been attractive for settlement since prehistoric times. The richness of natural resources, such as the unusual appearance of water sources at the very top of the hill, provided the conditions for the development of the urban centre in the Middle Ages. Nevertheless, the political turmoil of the Middle Ages brought Motovun to the unenviable position of a border fortress whose territories were constantly under attack by neighbouring forces. A powerful system of fortifications protected the castle for centuries and was an insurmountable obstacle for most invaders.This paper presents an analysis of the development and purpose of the fortification elements of Motovun, as well as the reasons for their subsequent decay. It also provides information on the soldiers and guards, as well as the equipment that they had at their disposal and used to repel enemy attacks. Furthermore, the paper provides an analysis of the clauses present in the
Statute of Motovun
related to the fortification elements, their maintenance and general defence of the town's territory. The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of Motovun’s fortifications in the context of their importance for a medieval town, thus the last chapter presents examples of military operations conducted on the territory of Motovun, as well as border conflicts that marked the history of the castle and give a concrete purpose to the presence of such an extensive system of fortifications.
Montona è una cittadina con una favorevole posizione strategica che dall'altopiano controlla la valle del fiume Quieto in direzione del suo sbocco a mare. La sua posizione e l'interessante rilievo circostante già dalla preistoria attirava la popolazione a costruire in quel luogo un centro abitato. Le risorse naturali, come il fenomeno inconsueto delle fonti d'acqua in cima alla collina, hanno garantito le condizioni per lo sviluppo del centro urbano nel Medioevo. Tuttavia, le turbolenze politiche nel Medioevo hanno portato Montona in una posizione poco invidiabile di una fortezza di confine i cui territori erano costantemente sottoposti ad attacchi delle forze vicine. Il potente sistema di fortificazioni proteggeva il castello nei secoli e rappresentava un ostacolo insormontabile per gli agressori. In questo lavoro si analizza lo sviluppo medievale, lo scopo degli elementi di fortificazione di Montona e i motivi del loro successivo deterioramento. Inoltre sono forniti i dati relativi ai soldati, ovvero alle guardie e all' equipaggiamento di cui disponevano e che utilizzavano per respingere gli attacchi nemici. Sono stati analizzati anche gli articoli dello
Statuto di Montona
relativi agli elementi di fortificazione, alla loro manutenzione e alla difesa complessiva del territorio urbano. L'obiettivo di questo lavoro è, quindi, fornire una panoramica sullo sviluppo delle fortificazioni di Montona nel contesto della loro importanza per una città medievale e quindi, nell'ultimo capitolo sono riportati esempi di operazioni militari condotte nel territorio di Montona, ovvero esempi di conflitti riguardanti la confinazione che hanno segnato la storia del castello e che giustificano l'esistenza di un sistema sostanziale di fortificazioni di Montona.
The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of Norwegian archival history in the early modern period (1537–1800). European archival history has been characterized by the experience of large ...and influential countries and little notice has generally been taken of the small nations on the continent’s periphery. This article focuses on the development of archival repositories, archival thinking and user groups in Norway from 1537 to 1800. Norwegian archival history has much in common with the rest of Europe, but also some important distinctive features. The archives were primarily created and preserved out of consideration for legal and administrative need. In Norway, access rights were early and clearly formulated. Extensive appraisals were carried out in the early eighteenth century. Archival records were being explored for historical and cultural purposes from the early sixteenth century and onwards. However, we do not find traces of this within the archival institutions and archival management until the very end of the eighteenth century. The writings of historians and antiquarians, dating from 1500 to 1800, documents the historical and cultural use of archival records and see the archival repositories and institutions from the user perspective.
In the anonymous 1659 drama, “Lady Alimony,” the play’s central subjects, six fashionable ‘Ladies of the New dress,’ proclaim their separation from their ‘defective’ spouses in the terms of the legal ...formulation of judicial separation, ‘a mensa et thoro,’ from bed and board. The drama, whilst nominally set in Milan, directs much of its satirical thrust at English law, in particular the secularizing provisions of the 1653 Civil Marriage Act. Just how realistic are the ‘divorces’ of “Lady Alimony,” and how far does the evidence of early modern drama reflect the practicalities of early modern marriage practice?
Abstract
this article uses techniques of typographical analysis to identify the print houses that secretly produced the most important writings associated with the incipient ‘Leveller’ grouping as it ...took shape in 1646–47. It examines the key printers, Jane Coe and Thomas Paine, while illuminating the dynamics of the clandestine book trade of the 1640s. It then shows that these same printers acted as stationers of choice for the emergent New Model Army agitators, producing works such as the The Case of the Army Truly Stated and An Agreement of the People, among other titles. The resulting account sheds light on the origins and nature of the Leveller movement, and allows for discussion of the connections between the Levellers and the New Model Army. More broadly, this article highlights the centrality of printers as political protagonists and suggests that new modes of bibliographical analysis can address major problems in early-modern history.
Interdisciplinary and cross-cultural view on authority construction among early modern female intellectuals
The complex relation between gender and the representation of intellectual authority has ...deep roots in European history. Portraits and Poses adopts a historical approach to shed new light on this topical subject. It addresses various modes and strategies by which learned women (authors, scientists, jurists, midwifes, painters, and others) sought to negotiate and legitimise their authority at the dawn of modern science in Early Modern and Enlightenment Europe (1600–1800). This volume explores the transnational dimensions of intellectual networks in France, Italy, Britain, the German states and the Low Countries, among others. Drawing on a wide range of case studies from different spheres of professionalisation, it examines both individual and collective constructions of female intellectual authority through word and image. In its innovative combination of an interdisciplinary and transnational approach, this volume contributes to the growing literature on women and intellectual authority in the Early Modern Era and outlines contours for future research.
Contributors: Laura Beck Varela (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Feike Dietz (Utrecht University), Armel Dubois-Nayt (University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin/Paris-Saclay), Nina Geerdink (Utrecht University), Aurélie Griffin (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle), Seren Nolan (Durham University), Caroline Paganussi (Museo e Real Bosco di Capodimonte Naples), Marie-Emmanuelle Plagnol-Diéval (Univesity Paris-Est Créteil), Kelsey Rubin-Detlev (University of Southern California), Belinda Scerri (University of Melbourne), Catriona Seth (University of Oxford), Lien Verpoest (KU Leuven), Vera Viehöver (Université de Liège), Rotraud von Kulessa (Universität Augsburg), Valerie Worth-Stylianou (University of Oxford).
Ebook available in Open Access.
This publication is GPRC-labeled (Guaranteed Peer-Reviewed Content).
What is a protagonist? Ladefoged Larn, Anastasia; Deans Kristensen‐McLachlan, Ross
Orbis litterarum,
10/2023, Letnik:
78, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Early modern French dramas
c.
1550–1660 stage a multitude of female figures. Two of the most popular were the Greek‐Egyptian ruler Cleopatra and the Carthaginian noblewoman Sophonisbe who ...all in all appear in no less than 13 French tragedies from this period including some of the period's most important ones. In this article we undertake the first comparative and structural investigation of both figures' importance within the corpus by combining computationally assisted social network analysis and traditional close reading. By defining importance quantitatively based on four centrality measurements, we substantiate recent scholarship's highlighting of early modern dramatists' gendered interest and question traditional scholarly notions of protagonism.
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