O artigo se propõe a analisar a Cartilha da infância de Thomaz Galhardo, atentando para os aspectos de produção, edição, circulação e método de alfabetização proposto neste livro que foi editado do ...século XIX até o final do século XX, atingindo mais de cem anos de edição. A análise é resultado de uma pesquisa sobre a história das edições escolares, na qual reconstituímos a trajetória de uma cartilha de longa duração, escrita por um professor primário paulista que fez parte de uma geração de autores de livros didáticos do período que se tornou conhecido pelo sucesso editorial dessa obra, responsável pela alfabetização de várias gerações de brasileiros. Essa cartilha revela a permanência de uma tradição escolar sustentada pela escolha do autor pelo método silábico para o ensino da leitura e da escrita.
Teachers must model critical thinking skills and dispositions in front of their students. This is useful for helping students develop their critical thinking skills. Inquisitiveness is one part of ...the critical thinking disposition that teachers need to have. However, there is still very little research investigating the readiness of prospective teachers in critical thinking dispositions, especially inquisitiveness. This research is intended to determine the level of curiosity of prospective elementary school teachers. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method, case study type, data, and data sources obtained from 20 prospective elementary school teacher informants in Madiun. Four indicators of inquisitiveness were identified from this case study: Asking questions, seeking information, feeling interested, and final investigation/evaluation. The curiosity of most primary school teacher candidates has not met the four indicators. Few fulfill only one indicator, namely seeking information, and very rarely fulfill three indicators. It can be concluded that prospective elementary school teachers do not yet have the disposition to think critically, especially inquisitiveness. There is a need to improve teacher education learning to improve their students' critical thinking skills and dispositions.
This study aimed to describe the types of misconceptions conducted by preservice elementary teachers (PGSD) students in integer operations. Misconceptions are classified into 3 types: 1) Careless ...Errors (Ca); 2) Concept errors (Co); 3) Careless errors and Concept errors (Ca and Co). The researcher presented 6 problems about of integer operation to 45 students of PGSD (preservice teachers for elementary school) students that were taking elementary mathematics subject. The results showed that 10% of students made Careless errors (Ca) misconceptions in integer addition and subtraction. The highest portion of the students, 53% performed Concept error (Co) in subtracting negative numbers. Another 9% showed Careless and Concept error (Ca and Co) misconception in subtraction of integers of the same sign (negative with negative or positive with positive).
Backlash against male elementary educators Moss-Racusin, Corinne A.; Johnson, Elizabeth R.
Journal of applied social psychology,
07/2016, Letnik:
46, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We investigated the existence, nature, and processes underscoring backlash (social and economic penalties) against men who violate gender stereotypes by working in education, and whether backlash is ...exacerbated by internal (vs. external) behavioral attributions. Participants (N = 303) rated one of six applications for an elementary teaching position, identical apart from target gender and behavioral attribution type. Male applicants were rated as more likely to be gay, posing a greater safety threat, and less likeable (but not less hireable) than identical female applicants. Perceived sexuality and threat mediated target gender differences in likeability. Unexpectedly, behavioral attributions did not interact with target gender, suggesting that providing internal attributions may not exacerbate men's backlash. Implications for backlash theory and education gender disparities are discussed.
Background
For schools to include quality STEM education, it is important to understand teachers’ beliefs and perceptions related to STEM talent development. Teachers, as important persons within a ...student’s talent development, hold prior views and experiences that will influence their STEM instruction. This study attempts to understand what is known about teachers’ perceptions of STEM education by examining existing literature.
Results
Study inclusion criteria consisted of empirical articles, which aligned with research questions, published in a scholarly journal between 2000 and 2016 in English. Participants included in primary studies were preK-12 teachers. After quality assessment, 25 articles were included in the analysis. Thematic analysis was used to find themes within the data. Findings indicate that while teachers value STEM education, they reported barriers such as pedagogical challenges, curriculum challenges, structural challenges, concerns about students, concerns about assessments, and lack of teacher support. Teachers felt supports that would improve their effort to implement STEM education included collaboration with peers, quality curriculum, district support, prior experiences, and effective professional development.
Conclusions
Recommendations for practice include quality in-service instruction over STEM pedagogy best practices and district support of collaboration time with peer teachers. Recommendations for future research are given.
The purpose of this study was to explore 1) perceptions of preschool-8th grade teachers' in regard to classroom physical activity (PA) and 2) multiple levels of factors impacting preschool-8th grade ...teachers' ability to implement PA into the classroom. Sixty preschool-8th grade teachers from five school districts participated in semi-structured interviews following a guide developed from constructs of the social ecological model. All teachers implemented classroom PA but had varied levels of confidence for implementation. Teachers identified barriers to implementation and requested additional classroom PA resources. Furthermore, they identified collaboration with other teachers as an underutilized resource for promotion of classroom PA.
•Classroom PA was implemented due to affective (behavioral) and physical rationales.•Teachers perceived different levels of administrator support for classroom PA.•Time and infrastructure were barriers to implementing classroom PA.•Collaboration with other teachers was an underutilized resource.
The professional digital competence (PDC) of teachers is of growing importance in classrooms, now that digital resources and digital media are becoming important parts of teachers' everyday practice. ...This study explores how newly qualified teachers are prepared to use information and communication technology (ICT) in their initial teacher education (ITE). We present findings of a nationwide survey in Norway on 356 newly qualified teachers. It explores how these teachers' ICT self-efficacy is related to how they perceive the quality of, and contributions from, their ITE related to ICT and the development of their PDC. In general, newly qualified teachers report fairly poor quality and contribution of ICT training during their teacher education. We claim that continuous effort is needed to review the quality of ITE and contribute specifically to the development of PDC and developing student teachers' ICT self-efficacy in ITE.
A meta-analytic approach was used to investigate the associations between affective qualities of teacher-student relationships (TSRs) and students ' school engagement and achievement. Results were ...based on 99 studies, including students from preschool to high school. Separate analyses were conducted for positive relationships and engagement (k = 61 studies, N = 88,417 students), negative relationships and engagement (k = 18, N = 5,847), positive relationships and achievement (k = 61, N = 52,718), and negative relationships and achievement (k = 28, N = 18,944). Overall, associations of both positive and negative relationships with engagement were medium to large, whereas associations with achievement were small to medium. Some of these associations were weaker, but still statistically significant, after correction for methodological biases. Overall, stronger effects were found in the higher grades. Nevertheless, the effects of negative relationships were stronger in primary than in secondary school.
We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing teacher burnout. Online and reference list searches yielded 513 unique results, and the final sample ...contains 23 controlled trials (19 journal articles and 4 unpublished dissertations). More than two thirds of the studies had optimal quality, and the risk of bias was not related to the overall effectiveness of the interventions. The overall effects were small, but statistically significant (d = 0.18, SE = 0.05, Z = 3.26, p < 0.001, k = 23). Separate analyses on each burnout component showed similar intervention effects on emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, but almost null effects on depersonalization (d = 0.03, SE = 0.06, Z = 0.53, p > 0.05, k = 11). Additional moderator analyses suggested that mindfulness interventions had significant effects on exhaustion and personal accomplishment. Interventions on primary and middle school teachers reported effect sizes below the average effect. Similar to previous findings, interventions that lasted less than 1 month had the smallest levels of efficacy.
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