The emergence of new players in the international business field in the last decades has proposed the rethinking about the pillars of MNE theories. The current international landscape is composed by ...multinational firms (MNE) from developing countries which have limited resources. In addition, this MNE normally use Merger and Acquisitions (M&A) and have followed an accelerated internationalization process. These characteristics have made emerged new approaches in this field. Therefore, this paper tries to connect and combine the traditional theories with the most current theories in order to propose new alternatives for the explanation of the new multinational enterprises phenomenon.
Two main mechanisms determine the extent to which the headquarters of multinational corporations (MNCs) from less developed countries gain useful capabilities from their subsidiaries in the developed ...world: learning mechanisms, and recognition by the parent. Because emerging MNCs are at an early stage of their evolution, informal learning mechanisms are more important than attempts to formalise learning. It also matters whether the parent recognises the capabilities of the subsidiary: learning mechanisms alone are not adequate. A parent that interacts frequently with the subsidiary, has high regard for the (internal) resources of its subsidiary and (external) resources of its environment is more likely to regard that subsidiary as a source of useful capabilities, and therefore more likely to benefit from informal learning exchanges. By using data gathered from subsidiaries of emerging MNCs in the US, the article documents the functioning of both learning mechanisms and the role of headquarter recognition in the sharing of useful capabilities with the parent. Prior literature strongly emphasises the importance of learning mechanisms; this article confirms the importance of capabilities, but also highlights the role played by headquarter recognition.
This paper aims at critiquing several existing strategic international human resource management frameworks and discusses their inadequacy to apply directly to emerging multinational companies, ...especially those generated from Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. To complement the existing strategic international human resource management frameworks, key variables relevant to emerging economies are identified and an extended model with reference to emerging multinational companies is developed with several research propositions. It is believed that the proposed model would better capture the current development of multinationals in transition, and alert emerging international managers to address several people management challenges in the global context.
Purpose - This article aims at reviewing existing theories relevant to human resource management (HRM) and providing theoretical contexts to explain the importance of managing people across borders ...for emerging Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs).Design methodology approach - Based on a literature review approach, the author examines the phenomenon of emerging Chinese MNEs from the lenses of three streams of theories: organisation-based view; resource-based view; and institution-based view.Findings - Existing theories offer sufficient insights to explore differences between emerging and established MNEs, particularly in strategic international HRM research. First, Chinese EMNEs were driven to internationalising by different motives, thus creating impact on the strategic choice and global HRM policy consideration. Second, Chinese EMNEs are operating under constantly changing institutional environments, both at home and in host countries. As a result, they are required to balance and rebalance the choices made in formulating and implementing IHRM strategies. Third, there will be different internationalisation outcomes pursued by Chinese EMNEs. Therefore, IHRM policies and practices are to achieve individual, organisational and societal well-being.Research limitations implications - The article has important implications for HRM theory and research. It may lead to developing relevant analytical frameworks for future research in Chinese human resource management. It is also beneficial to understand the formation and implementation of HRM policy and practices in EMNEs originated not only in China, but in other developing countries.Originality value - This article contributes to the international HRM literature in relation to Chinese emerging MNEs from a theoretical perspective. Synthesizing existing core theories with examples from Chinese MNEs, it proposes future research directions for analysing further development of such enterprises.
TThe entry to global markets, expansion and proliferation of the “new” multinational enterprises (MNs) originating in emerging economies, such as the case of Brazil, China, India and México, during ...the last two decades, have surprised policymakers and analysts. The Boston Consulting Group (2006) identified 6 Mexican MNEs out of top 100 emerging multinationals. The 2009 Boston Consulting Group (BCG) 100 new global challengers are based on 14 rapidly development economies (RDEs), including Mexico. This paper is aimed to analyze the rise of New Mexican emerging multinational enterprises (MexEMNEs) into the global market.
The emerging Latin American corporations come essentially from Brazil and Mexico. Their prime motivation lies in the acquisition of natural resources and the search for market openings. With the ...exception of Cemex and Embraer who aspire to be global players, the majority of the multilatinas are regional or bi-regional companies. To a large extent, the sectorial breakdown of the multilatinas reflects the productive and technological specialisation of Latin America. They do not have at their disposal the same specific advantages as the emerging Asian multinational corporations in the high-tech industries or in the high capital-intensive sectors. The recent growth of their international activities has certainly impacted the dynamics of the global economy, particularly as regards the re-establishment of North-South links and the strengthening of South-South co-operation.
This paper studies the factors associated with outbound bilateral mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity by firms located in emerging economies. The authors document recent trends in emerging market ...M&A flows, which have risen dramatically over the past decade, and explore the factors that may have contributed to this rise. They find distinct patterns for M&A deals according to whether the acquisition targets are in other emerging economies or advanced countries, and that these differences can be attributed to differing theoretical motivations behind foreign direct investment. The authors also consider the implications of their model for future M&A originating in the global South, in light of the global financial crisis of 2008.
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