Als 1948 die Trümmerlandschaften des Krieges den Traumlandschaften von der kommunistischen Zukunftsgesellschaft wichen, realisierte die Moskauer Führung mit den "Stalinschen Großbauten des ...Kommunismus" ein ehrgeiziges Erschließungsprogramm. Die damals weltgrößten Flusskraftwerke gestalteten Natur um und strukturierten Gesellschaft neu, so dass sich die Sowjetunion im anbrechenden Kalten Krieg als Supermacht inszenieren konnte. Die von GULag-Häftlingen gebauten Plangiganten produzierten nicht nur Strom, sondern auch Visionen, mit denen sich Stalin und Chruscev die Einbildungskraft der Sowjetmenschen erobern wollten. Seit den 1960er Jahren entwickelten sich die brachial industrialisierten Flusslandschaften an der Wolga und in Sibirien immer mehr zu ökologischen Notstandsgebieten. Der über Jahrzehnte propagierte Wertekanon der technik- und fortschrittsgläubigen Sowjetgesellschaft geriet ins Wanken.
At the end of the 20th century most governments of the world started adopting guidelines on the electricity market liberalization, and the liberal electricity market already operates in USA, ...Scandinavia and some EU Member States. In most cases the deregulated market has lived up to expectations but there were situations when priority was again given to the regulated market. The aim of this article is to assess whether the deregulated electricity market is a good choice for the countries with a small and imperfect market. Electricity is completely homogenous and it might not be warehoused and its price depends on the fuel used, so the examples of other economic sectors (natural gas, water, telecommunications, etc.) sometimes cannot be applied for this market. This paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages and the potential threats of the deregulated electricity market; moreover, the paper presents the main principles lying behind the electricity price setting and analyses whether the deregulated electricity market fits for Lithuania. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
The world appears to be emerging from the worst economic crisis in decades. Many countries have made pledges under the Copenhagen Accord to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. Commitments have also been ...made by the G-20 and APEC to phase out inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies. Are we, at last, on the path to a secure, reliable and environmentally sustainable energy system?Updated projections of energy demand, production, trade and investment, fuel by fuel and region by region to 2035 are provided in the 2010 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO). It includes, for the first time, anewscenario that anticipates future actions by governments to meet the commitments they have made to tackle climate change and growing energy insecurity.WEO-2010shows:· what more must be done and spent to achieve the goal of the Copenhagen Accordto limit the global temperature increase to 2°C and how these actions would impact on oil markets,· how emerging economies led by China and India will increasingly shape the global energy landscape,· what role renewablescan play in a clean and secure energy future, · what removing fossil-fuel subsidieswould mean for energy markets, climate change and state budgets,· the trends in Caspian energy marketsand the implications for global energy supply,· the prospects for unconventional oil, and· how to give the entire global population access to modern energy services.With extensive data, projections and analysis, WEO-2010provides invaluable insights into how the energy system could evolve over the next quarter of a century. The book is essential reading for anyone with a stake in the energy sector.
Energy Technology Perspectives 2010 presents updated scenarios from the present to 2050 that show which new technologies will be most important in key sectors and in different regions of the world. ...It highlights the importance of finance to achieve change, examines the implications of the scenarios for energy security and looks at how to accelerate the deployment of low-carbon technologies in major developing countries. It presents roadmaps and transition pathways for spurring deployment of the most important clean technologies and for overcoming existing barriers.
Presenting the newest approaches to the design and operation of steam turbines, this book also explores modern techniques for refurbishment of aging units. It covers recent engineering breakthroughs ...and new approaches to transient operating conditions, as well as improved information support for operational personnel. An authoritative guide for power plant engineers, operators, owners and designers on all of these crucial developments, this book fully describes and evaluates the most important new design and operational improvement opportunities for the full spectrum of today’s steam turbines – from the newest and most advanced to the more common existing systems.
Sustainable Nuclear Power provides non-nuclear engineers, scientists and energy planners with the necessary information to understand and utilize the major advances in the field. The book ...demonstrates that nuclear fission technology has the abundance and attainability to provide centuries of safe power with minimal greenhouse gas generation. It also addresses the safety and disposal issues that have plagued the development of the nuclear power industry and scared planners and policy makers as well as the general public for more than two decades. * No need for a background in nuclear science! This book guides engineers, scientists and energy professionals through a concise and easy-to-understand overview of key safety and sustainability issues affecting their work. * Details the very latest information about today's safest and most energy-efficient reactor designs and reprocessing procedures. * Brings to light the fears and hesitation of using nuclear energy and explains that technologies and procedures for safe production and processing are available today.
Written by two practising electrical engineers, this second edition of the bestselling Protection of Electricity Distribution Networks (1998) offers both practical and theoretical coverage of the ...technologies, from the classical electromechanical relays to the new numerical types that protect equipment on networks and in electrical plants.
