•Examining the financial accounting and reporting issues surrounding cryptocurrencies.•Researching “gray” areas of financial accounting.•Applying professional judgment and research skills to address ...complex accounting issues.
After years of debate, the FASB recently formalized the authoritative financial reporting guidance for cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. This case requires you to determine the appropriate financial accounting treatment and assess the reporting implications for Bitcoin using FASB’s authoritative guidance. The modular nature of the case allows students to address these requirements for three different clients: a Bitcoin miner, a Bitcoin trader, and a retailer that accepts Bitcoin as payment. As students complete the case, they are required to think critically about how the new guidance affects each client. Several features of the case allow instructors to adjust the level of difficulty so that they can create case assignments that are appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate accounting classes. Students who completed the case report that they found it to be realistic, interesting, and challenging.
This study aims to know whether there is an increase in profit due to the implementation of financial technology by PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. The research method used is data collection ...and qualitative research, namely literature study by examining various books, notes, literature, internet sites, research journals, studying and comparing written information sources and statutory regulations to match the title and the topic submitted. This method is used to understand the basic understanding, theoretical basis, and concepts used to carry out analysis and evaluation of the problems discussed and is used to compare the suitability of theory with practice in the field. The results of the study show that there are profits obtained by BNI after implementing fintech. Although financial technology is considered to be a threat by replacing some of its operating activities with technology, with its sophistication, fintech can provide convenience for its customers with all its effectiveness and efficiency so that the demand for existing facilities in the products offered by BNI is increasing according to customer needs. This impacts the increase in profits generated by operating activities in financial services carried out by BNI.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya kenaikan nilai profit atas dilakukannya penerapan financial technology oleh PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pengumpulan data dan penelitian secara kualitatif yakni studi kepustakaan dengan cara menelaah berbagai buku, catatan, literatur, situs internet, jurnal penelitian, mempelajari dan membandingkan sumber-sumber informasi tertulis serta peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut agar sesuai dengan judul dan topik yang diajukan. Metode ini dilakukan guna memperoleh pemahaman mengenai pengertian dasar, landasan teori, dan konsep yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis dan evaluasi atas permasalahan yang dibahas serta digunakan untuk membandingkan kesesuaian teori dengan praktik dilapangan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan adanya kenaikan profit yang didapat oleh BNI setelah menerapkan fintech. Walaupun financial technology dinilai dapat menjadi sebuah ancaman dengan menggantikan sebagian aktifitas operasinya dengan teknologi, namun dengan kecanggihannya fintech mampu memberikan kemudahan bagi pelanggannya dengan sagala keefektifan dan keefisienannya sehingga permintaan atas fasilitas yang ada dalam produk yang ditawarkan oleh BNI kian meningkat sesuai dengan kebutuhan pelanggan. Hal ini berdampak pada kenaikan profit yang dihasilkan oleh kegiatan operasi dalam layanan jasa keuangan yang jalani oleh BNI
We analyze survey responses from nearly 600 corporate tax executives to investigate firms' incentives and disincentives for tax planning. While many researchers hypothesize that reputational concerns ...affect the degree to which managers engage in tax planning, this hypothesis is difficult to test with archival data. Our survey allows us to investigate reputational influences and, indeed, we find that reputational concerns are important—69 percent of executives rate reputation as important and the factor ranks second in order of importance among all factors explaining why firms do not adopt a potential tax planning strategy. We also find that financial accounting incentives play a role. For example, 84 percent of publicly traded firms respond that top management at their company cares at least as much about the GAAP ETR as they do about cash taxes paid and 57 percent of public firms say that increasing earnings per share is an important outcome from a tax planning strategy.
A review of tax research Hanlon, Michelle; Heitzman, Shane
Journal of accounting & economics,
12/2010, Letnik:
50, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In this paper, we present a review of tax research. We survey four main areas of the literature: (1) the informational role of income tax expense reported for financial accounting, (2) corporate tax ...avoidance, (3) corporate decision-making including investment, capital structure, and organizational form, and (4) taxes and asset pricing. We summarize the research areas and questions examined to date and what we have learned or not learned from the work completed thus far. In addition, we provide our opinion as to the interesting and important issues for future research.
We review recent literature on the role of financial reporting transparency in reducing governance-related agency conflicts among managers, directors, and shareholders, as well as in reducing agency ...conflicts between shareholders and creditors, and offer researchers some suggested avenues for future research. Key themes include the endogenous nature of debt contracts and governance mechanisms with respect to information asymmetry between contracting parties, the heterogeneous nature of the informational demands of contracting parties, and the heterogeneous nature of the resulting governance and debt contracts. We also emphasize the role of a commitment to financial reporting transparency in facilitating informal multiperiod contracts among managers, directors, shareholders, and creditors.
This paper examines the longitudinal impact from 1990 to 2017 of continuous improvement programs and aggressive working capital practices on accounts receivable turnover, inventory turnover, days ...payables outstanding, and cash conversion cycle. We find statistically significant shifts in the means and in the skew for these variables consistent with stricter financial management and less risk taking in trade credit. The results are strongest in the transportation and communications industry and weakest in financial services. These metrics are associated with equity valuation impacts and with improved profitability as captured by return on invested capital.
We examine whether public disclosures of tax reserves recently made available through Financial Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48) reflect corporate tax shelter activities. Understanding this relation is ...important to corporate stakeholders and researchers keen to infer the aggressive nature of a firm's tax positions from its tax reserve accrual. Our study links public disclosures of tax reserves with mandatory private disclosures of tax shelter participation as made to the Internal Revenue Service's Office of Tax Shelter Analysis. We find strong, robust evidence that the tax reserve is positively associated with tax shelters, while other commonly used measures of tax avoidance are not. Based on out-of-sample tests, we also show that the reserve is a suitable summary measure for predicting tax shelters. The tax benefits of tax shelters are economically significant, accounting for up to 48% of the aggregate FIN 48 tax reserves in our sample.
We investigate the association between aggressive tax and financial reporting and find a strong, positive relation. Our results suggest that insufficient costs exist to offset financial and tax ...reporting incentives, such that nonconformity between financial accounting standards and tax law allows firms to manage book income upward and taxable income downward in the same reporting period. To examine the relation between these aggressive reporting behaviors, we develop a measure of tax reporting aggressiveness that statistically detects tax shelter activity at least as well as, and often better than, other measures. In supplemental stock returns analyses, we confirm that the market overprices finacial reporting aggressiveness. We also find that the market overprices tax reporting aggressiveness, but only for firms with the most aggressive finacial reporting.
ABSTRACT Contrary to Frey and Osborne's (2013) prediction that the accounting profession faces extinction, we argue that accountants can still create value in a world of Big Data analytics. To ...advance this position, we provide a conceptual framework based on structured/unstructured data and problem-driven/exploratory analysis. We argue that accountants already excel at problem-driven analysis of structured data, are well positioned to play a leading role in the problem-driven analysis of unstructured data, and can support data scientists performing exploratory analysis on Big Data. Our argument rests on two pillars: accountants are familiar with structured datasets, easing the transition to working with unstructured data, and possess knowledge of business fundamentals. Thus, rather than replacing accountants, we argue that Big Data analytics complements accountants' skills and knowledge. However, educators, standard setters, and professional bodies must adjust their curricula, standards, and frameworks to accommodate the challenges of Big Data analytics.
PDF
