Eine kuriose Debatte wiederholt sich Koepp Tabea; Schattka, Chris
ÖZS. Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie,
01/2020, Letnik:
45
Journal Article
ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag setzt sich mit der aktuellen Debatte um den sogenannten „Situationismus“ innerhalb der soziologischen Gewaltforschung auseinander. Der Kritik, dass eine mikrosoziologische ...Perspektive auf Gewalt theoretisch weitgehend kontextblind sei, wird anhand einer Relektüre der einschlägigen Literatur widersprochen. Anstatt die Gräben zu vertiefen, wird für eine kontextsensible Mikrosoziologie der Gewalt plädiert, die auf Basis von detaillierten Rekonstruktionen transsituative Elemente in die Erklärung integriert. Zwei Fallstudien über das Massaker von Srebrenica 1995 sowie die Eskalation der Welcome to Hell-Demonstration in Hamburg 2017 zeigen exemplarisch die Potenziale dieser integrativen Perspektive. Die Fälle verdeutlichen, dass Mythen- und Propagandadiskurse in Konfrontationssituationen aktualisiert und in Form von trainierten Interaktionsritualen zur Gewinnung von emotionaler Dominanz genutzt werden bzw. präsituativ verfestigte Erwartungshaltungen bei Demonstrationen die Eskalationsdynamiken fördern und das Ausbrechen von Gewalt begünstigen.
This article synthesizes the large and burgeoning literature on framing to unpack how frames achieve resonance with an audience. The analysis identifies two main resonance types: cognitive, based on ...an appeal to audiences’ beliefs and understandings, and emotional, based on an appeal to audiences’ feelings, passions, and aspirations. For each type, this paper delves into distinct mechanisms, applications, and outcomes to shed light on the complex bases for audiences’ reactions to framing and the factors that can hinder or favour resonance. Applications for this conceptualization of resonance and future venues of research are identified and discussed.
For the most part the science of neuro‐developmental conditions, such as autism and ADHD, is conducted within a framework defined by a paradigm that
assumes that these expressions of ...neuro‐developmental variation are disorders resulting from brain dysfunction.
the translational goal being to identify, then target, the source of such dysfunction to reduce disorder and resolve impairment. By shifting this perspective to one that defines such conditions as
divergence in thought and action underpinned by brain atypicality
, the neurodiversity paradigm offers a fresh scientific vision shaped by a new translational imperative. It shifts the focus of enquiry to understanding the way environments shape experience to either stifle or promote the well‐being and development of neurodivergent people. It also encourages the fullest possible participation of neurodivergent people in the scientific process. Together these two elements provide a platform for a new translational science of neurodevelopment.
Purpose is a concept often used in managerial communities to signal and define a firm’s benevolent and pluralistic approach to its stakeholders beyond its focus on shareholders. While some evidence ...has linked purpose to positive organizational outcomes such as growth, employee satisfaction, innovation, and superior stock market performance, the definition and application of purpose in management research has been varied and frequently ambiguous. We review literature streams that invoke purpose in the for-profit firm and propose a unifying definition. Next, we develop a framework to study purpose that decouples its framing and formalization within firms from its realization, thus helping to avoid conflation of the presence of purpose with positive organizational outcomes. The framework also highlights internal and external drivers that shape the framing of purpose as well as the influence of the institutional context on its adoption and effectiveness. Finally, we provide a rich agenda for future research on purpose.
Klein and Amis discuss the dynamics of framing. How societal issues are framed mallets. Organizational, public policy, and social outcomes are invariably contingent upon the ways in which associated ...issue are trained. In this sense, frames are rhetorical devices used by actors to try to convince others of the utility of a position by creating a context that determines what constitutes meaningful models of legitimate activity. However, the understanding of how and why the framing of societal issues--particularly, contentious ones--changes over time remains nascent. This is primarily because the conceptualization of macro-level frames and the meanings associated with the issues that they present are largely static with a focus on outcomes rather than processes.
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