Quantitative methods for assessing the status of marine fish populations began in the 19th century with simple catch-curve analysis and have evolved through the decades to use more advanced ...integrated statistical modeling. The corresponding assessment documents that communicate model estimates to other scientists and fisheries managers, generally, have grown in length and complexity, often describing hundreds of parameter estimates and population dynamics. These documents use a wide range of synonyms or similar terms that can vary either within a single assessment document or among other documents within or across fisheries management regions. The lack of standardization of terms used in assessment documents can lead to challenges in scientific reviews, communicating scientific results to fisheries managers, and for understanding assessments from other management regions. We analyzed the text of 134 assessment documents used to communicate the results of assessment software to managers from the varying management regions in the United States, Australia, and European International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) to quantify the presence of synonyms or similar terms that are often used interchangeably and highlight ways in which the output language could be harmonized without modifying meaning. Next, we developed an open source web-based dictionary and schema for fisheries science where the community can propose and adopt terms to create an agreed upon terminology. Finally, looking forward to future development, we propose approaches to leverage pre-existing frameworks such as Google coding standards to guide the development of tools to merge long-term ecological data sets, name objects in code bases, and report output. While this guidance is tailored to fisheries practitioners working within the U.S. management system, we aim to align with international standards to increase consistency across the international fisheries science community.
Temporal Segment Networks for Action Recognition in Videos Wang, Limin; Xiong, Yuanjun; Wang, Zhe ...
IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence,
2019-Nov.-1, 2019-Nov, 2019-11-1, 20191101, Letnik:
41, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We present a general and flexible video-level framework for learning action models in videos. This method, called temporal segment network (TSN), aims to model long-range temporal structure with a ...new segment-based sampling and aggregation scheme. This unique design enables the TSN framework to efficiently learn action models by using the whole video. The learned models could be easily deployed for action recognition in both trimmed and untrimmed videos with simple average pooling and multi-scale temporal window integration, respectively. We also study a series of good practices for the implementation of the TSN framework given limited training samples. Our approach obtains the state-the-of-art performance on five challenging action recognition benchmarks: HMDB51 (71.0 percent), UCF101 (94.9 percent), THUMOS14 (80.1 percent), ActivityNet v1.2 (89.6 percent), and Kinetics400 (75.7 percent). In addition, using the proposed RGB difference as a simple motion representation, our method can still achieve competitive accuracy on UCF101 (91.0 percent) while running at 340 FPS. Furthermore, based on the proposed TSN framework, we won the video classification track at the ActivityNet challenge 2016 among 24 teams.
The International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR)’s “Good Practices Task Force” reports are highly cited, multistakeholder perspective expert guidance reports that reflect ...international standards for health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) and their use in healthcare decision making. In this report, we discuss the criteria, development, and evaluation/consensus review and approval process for initiating a task force. The rationale for a task force must include a justification, including why this good practice guidance is important and its potential impact on the scientific community. The criteria include: (1) necessity (why is this task force required?); (2) a methodology-oriented focus (focus on research methods, approaches, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination); (3) relevance (to ISPOR’s mission and its members); (4) durability over time; (5) broad applicability; and 6) an evidence-based approach. In addition, the proposal must be a priority specifically for ISPOR.
These reports are valuable to researchers, academics, students, health technology assessors, medical technology developers and service providers, those working in other commercial entities, regulators, and payers. These stakeholder perspectives are represented in task force membership to ensure the report’s overall usefulness and relevance to the global ISPOR membership. We hope that this discussion will bring transparency to the process of initiating, approving, and producing these task force reports and encourage participation from a diverse range of experts within and outside ISPOR.
In the last few years, the formulation of real-world optimization problems and their efficient solution via metaheuristic algorithms has been a catalyst for a myriad of research studies. In spite of ...decades of historical advancements on the design and use of metaheuristics, large difficulties still remain in regards to the understandability, algorithmic design uprightness, and performance verifiability of new technical achievements. A clear example stems from the scarce replicability of works dealing with metaheuristics used for optimization, which is often infeasible due to ambiguity and lack of detail in the presentation of the methods to be reproduced. Additionally, in many cases, there is a questionable statistical significance of their reported results. This work aims at providing the audience with a proposal of good practices which should be embraced when conducting studies about metaheuristics methods used for optimization in order to provide scientific rigor, value and transparency. To this end, we introduce a step by step methodology covering every research phase that should be followed when addressing this scientific field. Specifically, frequently overlooked yet crucial aspects and useful recommendations will be discussed in regards to the formulation of the problem, solution encoding, implementation of search operators, evaluation metrics, design of experiments, and considerations for real-world performance, among others. Finally, we will outline important considerations, challenges, and research directions for the success of newly developed optimization metaheuristics in their deployment and operation over real-world application environments.
Abstract Objective The aim of the article is to present two issues; the concept of sustainability and the style of organisational leadership. The authors‘ goal is to demonstrate that a participative ...management style supports the implementation of the concept of organisational sustainability. Methodology The research method used to achieve the objective is a critical analysis of the literature, an analysis of secondary research and a review of good practice. Findings As the presented examples of the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in specific companies show, the implementation of this type of idea is definitely conducive to the selection of a participative style of leadership. Value Added Active participation of subordinates in shaping the sustainable development strategy in the organisation and their awareness of the real influence on the vision is realised, to a very large extent determines the success of achieving the goals set by the leader (and worked out together with subordinates). Recommendations It is recommended to create a vision, according to which the company operates in the spirit of sustainable development, and to enable subordinates to actively participate in the implementation of the strategy and the systematic evaluation of its results.
This paper presents a review on the analytical results obtained by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). In the first part, results on identification and classification of samples are ...presented including the risk of misclassification, and in the second part, results on concentration measurement based on calibration are accompanied with significant figures of merit including the concept of accuracy. Both univariate and multivariate approaches are discussed with special emphasis on the methodology, the way of presenting the results and the assessment of the methods. Finally, good practices are proposed for both classification and concentration measurement.
Electromagnetic data collected using electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are of central importance for psychophysiological research. The scope of concepts, methods, and ...instruments used by EEG/MEG researchers has dramatically increased and is expected to further increase in the future. Building on existing guideline publications, the goal of the present paper is to contribute to the effective documentation and communication of such advances by providing updated guidelines for conducting and reporting EEG/MEG studies. The guidelines also include a checklist of key information recommended for inclusion in research reports on EEG/MEG measures.
The lack of teacher involvement in independent training and the absence of references to good practices in implementing this curriculum pose significant obstacles. To address this, an educational ...platform known as the Merdeka Belajar Platform was developed, aimed at facilitating teachers' access to inspiration and references. This research examines the utilization of the Merdeka Belajar Platform in implementing the independent curriculum effectively, focusing on SMAS Muhammadiyah Toboali as a case study. The study's purpose is to uncover and analyze the use of the Merdeka Belajar Platform in facilitating effective implementation of the independent curriculum at SMAS Muhammadiyah Toboali. Descriptive qualitative research methods were employed, involving interviews, documentation studies, and observation for data collection. The findings revealed initial difficulties in comprehending the independent curriculum due to the rapid transition process. However, the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Platform has led to positive changes, with the optimization of the school's learning community and the emergence of good practices among colleagues. This mutual support system among teachers has underscored those advancements in science and technology present opportunities and challenges rather than obstacles, thereby enhancing educators' capacity and capabilities.
Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) in its different variants has become increasingly prominent over the last years in business and management research. While this notable trend is, in general, ...more than welcome, the applications in the field have to hold against some minimal standards of the QCA community. This study is based on an assessment of 61 published, peer-reviewed journal articles applying QCA within the field of business and management studies. It demonstrates several major and minor flaws and presents several suggestions on how to overcome these shortcomings or avoid them in the first place.
As it is the case for any spectroscopic technique, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is strongly influenced by the signal fluctuations, and the LIBS spectra need to be normalized to obtain ...enhanced analytical performance. Nowadays, normalization in LIBS remains an open question and, in the present review, the normalization methods commonly applied to LIBS are presented and discussed, in particular those based on background, total area, internal standard, and Standard Normal Variate. We emphasize that the figures of merit, namely the coefficient of determination, the root-mean square error of prediction and the limit of quantification used to assess the advantages of processing normalized instead of non-normalized LIBS spectra, in a context of quantification, must be calculated in a rigorous way to be able to draw conclusions. We thus propose advices and good practices to achieve a rigorous comparison between quantitative models involving various normalization approaches, the final choice of the best normalization being ultimately driven by the analytical context. In order to take the best advantage from normalization in LIBS and thus increase the analytical performance of this technique, we encourage the analyst to thoroughly compare different normalization methods.
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•LIBS often requires to normalize spectra to reduce fluctuations and increase the prediction ability of quantitative models.•Several normalization methods have been proposed during these last years, but no general rule has been established.•We give the state-of-the-art about normalization methods.•Figures of merit used to assess the performance of quantitative models are provided.•We give advices about the relevance of the figures of merit to robustly evaluate the quantitative model performances.•An example to find the best normalization method for a given analytical context by comparing different model outcomes is proposed.•No normalization method of LIBS spectra can be considered as the best one but different methods should be compared instead.
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