•Time varying filter-based empirical mode decomposition is used to tackle the data;•Three different nonlinear models are developed to grasp the nonlinear information;•Group method of data handling ...model is used to perform the combination prediction;•Case studies based on different datasets prove the superiority of the hybrid method.
The realization of precise and reliable short-term wind speed prediction is extremely essential to wind power development, especially for its integration into traditional grid system. For this purpose, this study develops a novel forecasting method based on time varying filter-based empirical mode decomposition, auto-regressive integrated moving average model and group method of data handling-based hybrid model. This method mainly contains four individual steps for grasping the major behavioral characteristics of wind speed data. The first step adopts time varying filter-based empirical mode decomposition to handle the nonlinearity and nonstationarity of the raw wind speed data by decomposing them into a number of subseries with more stability and regularity. Then, auto-regressive integrated moving average model is applied to depict the linear characteristic hidden in the data. For the above modeling errors (i.e., the nonlinear residuals), the third step employs three nonlinear models with different action mechanisms (i.e., least square support vector machine, genetic programming algorithm and spatio-temporal radial basis function neural network) to systematically capture their complex nonlinear features. Finally, group method of data handling neural network is utilized to combine these nonlinear models and perform the selective prediction, where the involved models and their weights could be determined automatically. Four groups of the measured wind speed datasets with two different time intervals are used to assess the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results indicate it outperforms the other compared models and may have great potential for the practical application in power system.
Removal of pesticide residues from fresh produce is important to reduce pesticide exposure to humans. This study investigated the effectiveness of commercial and homemade washing agents in the ...removal of surface and internalized pesticide residues from apples. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) mapping and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) methods were used to determine the effectiveness of different washing agents in removing pesticide residues. Surface pesticide residues were most effectively removed by sodium bicarbonate (baking soda, NaHCO3) solution when compared to either tap water or Clorox bleach. Using a 10 mg/mL NaHCO3 washing solution, it took 12 and 15 min to completely remove thiabendazole or phosmet surface residues, respectively, following a 24 h exposure to these pesticides, which were applied at a concentration of 125 ng/cm2. LC–MS/MS results showed, however, that 20% of applied thiabendazole and 4.4% of applied phosmet had penetrated into the apples following the 24 h exposure. Thiabendazole, a systemic pesticide, penetrated 4-fold deeper into the apple peel than did phosmet, a non-systemic pesticide, which led to more thiabendazole residues inside the apples, which could not be washed away using the NaHCO3 washing solution. This study gives us the information that the standard postharvest washing method using Clorox bleach solution for 2 min is not an effective means to completely remove pesticide residues on the surface of apples. The NaHCO3 method is more effective in removing surface pesticide residues on apples. In the presence of NaHCO3, thiabendazole and phosmet can degrade, which assists the physical removal force of washing. However, the NaHCO3 method was not completely effective in removing residues that have penetrated into the apple peel. The overall effectiveness of the method to remove all pesticide residues diminished as pesticides penetrated deeper into the fruit. In practical application, washing apples with NaHCO3 solution can reduce pesticides mostly from the surface. Peeling is more effective to remove the penetrated pesticides; however, bioactive compounds in the peels will become lost too.
The term “biobanking” is often misapplied to any collection of human biological materials (biospecimens) regardless of requirements related to ethical and legal issues or the standardization of ...different processes involved in tissue collection. A proper definition of biobanks is large collections of biospecimens linked to relevant personal and health information (health records, family history, lifestyle, genetic information) that are held predominantly for use in health and medical research. In addition, the International Organization for Standardization, in illustrating the requirements for biobanking (ISO 20387:2018), stresses the concept of biobanks being legal entities driving the process of acquisition and storage together with some or all of the activities related to collection, preparation, preservation, testing, analysing and distributing defined biological material as well as related information and data. In this review article, we aim to discuss the basic principles of biobanking, spanning from definitions to classification systems, standardization processes and documents, sustainability and ethical and legal requirements. We also deal with emerging specimens that are currently being generated and shaping the so-called next-generation biobanking, and we provide pragmatic examples of cancer-associated biobanking by discussing the process behind the construction of a biobank and the infrastructures supporting the implementation of biobanking in scientific research.
Overall constraint violation functions are commonly used in multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) for handling constraints. Constraints could cause these algorithms stuck in two stagnation ...states: 1) since the feasible region of a multiobjective optimization problem can consist of several disconnected feasible subregions, the search can be easily trapped in a feasible subregion which does not contain all the global Pareto optimal solutions and 2) an overall constraint violation function may have many nonzero minimal points, it can make the search stuck in an unfeasible area. To address these two issues, this article proposes a strategy to detect whether or not the search is stuck in these two stagnation states and then escape from them. Our proposed detect-and-escape strategy uses the feasible ratio and the change rate of overall constraint violation to detect stagnation, and adjusts the weight of the constraint violation for guiding the search to escape from stagnation states. We develop and implement a decomposition-based constrained MOEA with this strategy. Extensive experiments on a number of benchmark problems demonstrate the competitiveness of our proposed algorithm when compared to five other state-of-the-art constrained evolutionary algorithms.
Worldwide, approximately one in ten people acquire a foodborne disease due to eating contaminated food. This often occurs at home and young adults in particular often lack knowledge of and adherence ...to safe food-handling recommendations. Using an experimental design, we compared two groups to investigate whether increasing knowledge and self-efficacy would improve food safety behaviour in young adults in comparison to increasing knowledge alone. All participants (N = 221) completed questionnaires assessing safe food-handling knowledge, self-efficacy, and behaviour, and watched an educational safe food-handling campaign consisting of four short videos providing information on how to safely cook, clean, prepare, and chill food. The experimental group (N = 121) created an action plan, set a safe food-handling related goal, and made a commitment to change their safe food-handling behaviour. The control group (N = 100) completed a similar task not specific to safe food-handling. One week later, the questionnaires were repeated. Repeated measures ANOVAs showed that self-efficacy and behaviour increased in both groups but there was a significantly greater increase in the experimental group. Knowledge increased significantly in the experimental group, but did not in the control group. No mediation of self-efficacy on safe food-handling behaviour in the experimental group was found. The intervention was successful in improving the impact of the educational materials and further, self-efficacy increased significantly even when applied to a non-related topic. This has important implications for improvements in safe food-handling media campaigns.
•This study found improvements in self-efficacy and safe food-handling behaviour.•Increases in self-efficacy and behaviour were greatest in the experimental group.•Food safety knowledge significantly increased in the experimental group.
3D printing of meat Dick, Arianna; Bhandari, Bhesh; Prakash, Sangeeta
Meat science,
July 2019, 2019-Jul, 2019-07-00, 20190701, Letnik:
153
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) process stands as a developing technology for food manufacturing, which offers the opportunity to design novel food products with improved nutritional value and ...sensorial profile. This review analyses the potential applications of 3DP technology for meat processing and the elemental aspects affecting the printability and post-processing feasibility of 3D printed meat products. The combination of nutritionally balanced ingredients and novel internal structures may be schemed into a multi-material 3D model that meets special individual needs, such as chewing and swallowing difficulties. Furthermore, a temperature-controlled extruder-type 3D printer built with multi-head system is suggested to suit the required conditions for meat safety and rheological requirements.
•Multi-material 3D printing allows the production of recombined meats.•The design of appetizing soft-meat products is viable with 3D printing technology.•Low temperature-3D printers are needed to process meat products safely.•The application of heat- and cold-set binders enhances the meat paste rheology.
Highlights • Obtaining meaningful data of the CAR requires attention to methodological detail. • The ISPNE initiated an expert panel to establish quality standards of CAR assessment. • The results of ...this initiative are summarized. • Detailed methodological considerations are outlined and discussed. • Agreed consensus guidelines are presented.
Extrusion of foods is an emerging technology for the food industries to process and market a large number of products of varying size, shape, texture, and taste. Extrusion cooking technology has led ...to production of wide variety of products like pasta, breakfast cereals, bread crumbs, biscuits, crackers, croutons, baby foods, snack foods, confectionery items, chewing gum, texturized vegetable protein (TVP), modified starch, pet foods, dried soups, dry beverage mixes etc. The functional properties of extruded foods plays an important role for their acceptability which include water absorption, water solubility, oil absorption indexes, expansion index, bulk density and viscosity of the dough. The aim of this review is to give the detailed outlines about the potential of extrusion technology in development of different types of products and the role of extrusion-operating conditions and their effect on product development resulting in quality changes i.e physical, chemical, and nutritional, experienced during the extrusion process.
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