Music and Hearing Aids: A Clinical Approach is written for hearing health care professionals working with hard-of-hearing musicians and music lovers. This highly relevant book breaks down the ...research for how music can, and should, be processed through modern hearing aids and offers the busy audiologist clinically based strategies to optimize the sound of amplified music for hard-of-hearing people. With an easy-to-read style, this text meets audiologists where they are by providing a primer on wavelength acoustics, as well as walking the reader through the basics of music needed to understand the research available. in addition, this professional resource highlights gaps in the research and technology, offering a clear picture of the room for growth available in the field.
Common causes of hearing loss in humans - exposure to loud noise or ototoxic drugs and aging - often damage sensory hair cells, reflected as elevated thresholds on the clinical audiogram. Recent ...studies in animal models suggest, however, that well before this overt hearing loss can be seen, a more insidious, but likely more common, process is taking place that permanently interrupts synaptic communication between sensory inner hair cells and subsets of cochlear nerve fibers. The silencing of affected neurons alters auditory information processing, whether accompanied by threshold elevations or not, and is a likely contributor to a variety of perceptual abnormalities, including speech-in-noise difficulties, tinnitus and hyperacusis. Work described here will review structural and functional manifestations of this cochlear synaptopathy and will consider possible mechanisms underlying its appearance and progression in ears with and without traditional ‘hearing loss’ arising from several common causes in humans.
•Noise can cause rapid synaptic loss and slow degeneration of cochlear nerve fibers, even if hair cells survive.•Diffuse cochlear synaptopathy does not raise audiometric or ABR thresholds, but does decrease ABR amplitudes.•Ears exposed to ‘synaptopathic’ noise show exaggerated synaptic and neural losses as they age after exposure.
Educational Audiology Handbook, Third Edition, offers a roadmap for audiologists who work in schools or other providers who support school-based audiology services. As the gold standard text in the ...field, the handbook provides guidelines and blueprints for creating and maintaining high-quality educational audiology programs. Educational audiologists will also find guidance for achieving full integration into a school staff. Within this comprehensive and practical resource, there are a range of tools, including assessment guidelines, protocols and forms, useful information for students, families, school staff, and community partners, as well as legal and reference documents.
Progressive Hearing Loss in Early Childhood Barreira-Nielsen, Carmen; Fitzpatrick, Elizabeth; Hashem, Serena ...
Ear and hearing,
2016 Sep-Oct, Letnik:
37, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Deterioration in hearing thresholds in children is of concern due to the effect on language development. Before universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS), accurate information on the progression of ...hearing loss was difficult to obtain due to limited information on hearing loss onset. The objective of this population-based study was to document the proportion of children who experienced progressive loss in a cohort followed through a UNHS program in one region of Canada. We explored risk factors for progression including risk indicators, audiologic, and clinical characteristics of children. We also investigated deterioration in hearing as a function of age. For this study, two working definitions of progressive hearing loss were adopted: (1) a change of ≥20 dB in the 3 frequencies (500, 1000, and 2000 Hz) pure-tone average, and (2) a decrease of ≥10 dB at two or more adjacent frequencies between 500 and 4000 Hz or a decrease in 15 dB at one octave frequency in the same frequency range.
Population-based data were collected prospectively on a cohort of children identified from 2003 to 2013 after the implementation of UNHS. Clinical characteristics including risk indicators (as per Joint Committee on Infant Hearing), age at diagnosis, type and severity of hearing loss, and initial audiologic information were recorded when children were first identified with hearing loss. Serial audiometric results were extracted from the medical charts for this study. Differences between children with progressive and stable hearing loss were explored using χ tests. Association between risk indicators and progressive hearing loss was assessed through logistic regression. The cumulative amount of deterioration in hearing from 1 to 4 years of age was also examined.
Our analysis of 330 children (251 exposed to screening) with detailed audiologic records showed that 158 (47.9%) children had some deterioration (at least ≥10 dB and) in hearing thresholds in at least one ear. The 158 children included 76 (48.1%) with ≥20 dB loss in pure-tone average in at least one ear and 82 (51.9%) with less deterioration in hearing levels (≥10 but <20 dB). In the children with progressive hearing loss, of 131 children initially diagnosed with bilateral loss, 75 (57.3%) experienced deterioration in 1 ear and 56 (112 ears; 42.7%) in both ears (total of 187 ears). Of 27 children with an initial diagnosis of unilateral loss, 25 experienced deterioration in the impaired ear and 5 in the normal-hearing ear, progressing to bilateral hearing loss. Within 4 years after diagnosis, the mean decrease in hearing for children with progressive loss was 25.9 dB (SD: 16.4) in the right ear and 28.3 dB (SD: 12.9) in the left ear. We explored the risk factors for hearing loss identified by Joint Committee on Infant Hearing where there were sufficient numbers in our sample. On multivariate analysis, there was no statistically significant relationship between most risk indicators examined (neonatal intensive care unit admission, family history, syndromes, and postnatal infections) and the likelihood of progressive loss. However, the presence of craniofacial anomalies was inversely associated with risk of progressive hearing loss (odds ratio = 0.27; 95% confidence interval: 0.10, 0.71; p = 0.01), that is, these children were more likely to have stable hearing.
Given that almost half of the children in this cohort experienced deterioration in hearing, close postneonatal monitoring of hearing following early hearing loss identification is essential to ensure optimal amplification and therapy.
Abstract Objective To provide recommendations for the workup of hearing loss in the pediatric patient. Methods Expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group. ...Results Consensus recommendations include initial screening and diagnosis as well as the workup of sensorineural, conductive and mixed hearing loss in children. The consensus statement discusses the role of genetic testing and imaging and provides algorithms to guide the workup of children with hearing loss. Conclusion The workup of children with hearing loss can be guided by the recommendations provided herein.
Permanent childhood hearing loss (PCHL) can affect speech, language, and wider outcomes. Adverse effects are mitigated through universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) and early intervention.
We ...undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate prevalence of UNHS-detected PCHL (bilateral loss ≥26 dB HL) and its variation by admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A secondary objective was to report UNHS programme performance (PROSPERO: CRD42016051267).
Multiple electronic databases were interrogated in January 2017, with further reports identified from article citations and unpublished literature (November 2017).
UNHS reports from very highly-developed (VHD) countries with relevant prevalence and performance data; no language or date restrictions.
Three reviewers independently extracted data and assessed quality.
We identified 41 eligible reports from 32 study populations (1799863 screened infants) in 6195 non-duplicate references. Pooled UNHS-detected PCHL prevalence was 1.1 per 1000 screened children (95% confidence interval CI: 0.9, 1.3; I2 = 89.2%). This was 6.9 times (95% CI: 3.8, 12.5) higher among those admitted to NICU. Smaller studies were significantly associated with higher prevalences (Egger's test: p = 0.02). Sensitivity and specificity ranged from 89-100% and 92-100% respectively, positive predictive values from 2-84%, with all negative predictive values 100%.
Results are generalisable to VHD countries only. Estimates and inferences were limited by available data.
In VHD countries, 1 per 1000 screened newborns require referral to clinical services for PCHL. Prevalence is higher in those admitted to NICU. Improved reporting would support further examination of screen performance and child demographics.
Hearing Loss in Children: A Review Lieu, Judith E C; Kenna, Margaret; Anne, Samantha ...
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association,
2020-Dec-01, Letnik:
324, Številka:
21
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Hearing loss in children is common and by age 18 years, affects nearly 1 of every 5 children. Without hearing rehabilitation, hearing loss can cause detrimental effects on speech, language, ...developmental, educational, and cognitive outcomes in children.
Consequences of hearing loss in children include worse outcomes in speech, language, education, social functioning, cognitive abilities, and quality of life. Hearing loss can be congenital, delayed onset, or acquired with possible etiologies including congenital infections, genetic causes including syndromic and nonsyndromic etiologies, and trauma, among others. Evaluation of hearing loss must be based on suspected diagnosis, type, laterality and degree of hearing loss, age of onset, and additional variables such as exposure to cranial irradiation. Hearing rehabilitation for children with hearing loss may include use of hearing aids, cochlear implants, bone anchored devices, or use of assistive devices such as frequency modulating systems.
Hearing loss in children is common, and there has been substantial progress in diagnosis and management of these cases. Early identification of hearing loss and understanding its etiology can assist with prognosis and counseling of families. In addition, awareness of treatment strategies including the many hearing device options, cochlear implant, and assistive devices can help direct management of the patient to optimize outcomes.
Abstract
Objective: To examine associations between audiological and non-audiological factors and successful hearing aid use in older adults. Design: In a retrospective study, audiological factors, ...attitudinal beliefs (as derived from the health belief model), client demographics, psychological factors, and age-related factors were evaluated. Study sample: Participants included 160 individuals, 60 years or older, with unilateral or bilateral hearing impairment (HI), fitted with hearing aids for the first time in the previous two years. Participants were assigned to either an unsuccessful hearing aid owner group (n = 75) or a successful hearing aid owner group (n = 85) based on their self-reported hearing aid use and benefit. Results: A multivariate, binomial logistic regression model indicated five factors associated with group membership: participants who had greater support from significant others; more difficulties with hearing and communication in everyday life before getting hearing aids; more positive attitudes to hearing aids; coupled with greater perceived self-efficacy for advanced handling of hearing aids; or who were receiving more gain from their devices; were more likely to be successful hearing aid owners. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of addressing non-audiological factors in order to assist older adults achieve success with hearing aids.
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