The article examines the possible Finnic origin of 24 word roots found in the Livonian-like Vainiži dialect of Latvian, spoken in Limbaži region, north-western Latvia, which have either not been ...hitherto discussed in etymological literature or whose available interpretation leaves to be desired.
The explanation for the evolution of /ti̯/ and /ki̯/ yod contexts has been based on articulatory reasons. However, sound change has an important auditory and acoustic basis. This paper deals with two ...main topics: (a) it examines the confluence of the phonetic realisations of dental and velar stops in /ti̯/ and /ki̯/, and (b) it seeks to determine whether voicing occurs after the assibilation process. The results show that the allophones for /t/ and /k/ display acoustic similarities regarding point of articulation cues, which could explain misperceptions. Voicing also seems to be very frequent in these phonetic realisations, which points to a process simultaneous with assibilation.
Лексика прибалтийско-финского происхождения в латышском языке изучена довольно хорошо. В латышской лексике обнаружено около 600 корневых слов прибалийско-финского происхождения. Начиная с конца ...1970-х годов диалектологи Латвии опубликовали ряд довольно полных диалектных словарей (по отдельным диалектам), тем самым они ввели в обращение большой пласт ранее не известной диалектной лексики. Несколько словарей охватывают и регионы современной Латвии, которые исторически заселяли ливы и южные эстонцы,. Эти лексикографические источники содержат ценный материал для определения, картографирования и толкования до сих пор не изученных прибалтийско-финских особенностей. Для исследователей прибалтийско-финских языков особенно интересен словарь - Eduards Adamsons, Elga Ragaine, Vainižu izloksnes vārdnīca, в котором представлен латышский говор региона Лимбажи (Северо-Западная Латвия). В нем, очевидно, встречаются субстратные слова ливского языка. В статье анализируются 24 слова, которые до сих пор в этимологической литературе не встречались или неверно интерпретировалось их возможное прибалтийско-финское ское происхождение.
V članku so obravnavane nekatere glasovne lastnosti narečne slovenščine v poznosrednjeveških rokopisnih spomenikih iz obdobja od druge polovice 14. do srede 16. stoletja. Na osnovi ...zgodovinskojezikoslovne analize relevantnih glasovnih odrazov je določena genealoška pripadnost, tj. narečna osnova jezika tistih slovenskih poznosrednjeveških rokopisnih spomenikov, ki izkazujejo diagnostične narečne glasovne lastnosti. Analizirani so Celovški ali Rateški rokopis (druga polovica 14. stoletja) in Starogorski rokopis (1492-98), Stiški rokopis, besedili I-II (ok. 1428) in besedila III-V (ok. 1440), ter Kranjski rokopis (prva polovica 16. stoletja).1
The article attempts to present the early period Old Russian phonological system. The main attention is paid to the characteristics of the vocalism subsystem in the 6th – 9th centuries. The review is ...conducted from the standpoint of the phonological units’ classification of different levels proposed by B.I. Osipov; phonemes proper, syntagm-phonemes and paradigm-phonemes that combine the ideas of different phonological schools and directions. The possibilities of combining vowel phonemes, as well as the nature of their opposition, are described and the question of their phonological status is solved.
The article examines the strategies of rendering Lithuanian proper names in fifteen Belorussian-Lithuanian chronicles created in the 14th–18th centuries. Thirteen of them are written in the literary ...language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, based on East Slavic dialects, the other two are in Polish and Latin. The language of the chronicles was hardly influenced by Lithuanian, but each contains Lithuanian proper names, since the subject of the chronicles is the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Most of the proper names are pre-Christian Lithuanian two-stem personal names with some occurrence of toponyms, hydronyms and ethnonyms. The spelling of proper names can be explained by referring to the history of the Lithuanian language and dialectology. Scribes of Slavic origin typically replaced “foreign” Lithuanian sounds with approximate sounds of their native language. This allows the author to consistently trace the logic of rendering the Lithuanian vowels o and a, vocal diphthongs ai and au, mixed diphthongs an, al, and ir and several elements of the consonant system. Apart from that, the reflection of Lithuanian dialect features makes the Belorussian-Lithuanian chronicles a valuable source for the study of Lithuanian historical phonetics and dialectology. Even though in most cases the name rendering strategies reflect real phonetic phenomena, sometimes the form of a name is bound by tradition and the language of the translation source, which is supported by the fact that chronicles are written in both Cyrillic and Latin.
The possible Baltic origin of the Finnic word mokka '(animal) lip, mouth' is discussed: Baltic ·smaka-, cf. Lithuanian smakras etc. 'chin; beard', Latvian smakris etc. 'chin, palate', Lithuanian ...smakės pl. 'pig snout, elephant's trunk; animal incisors, fangs', smakas 'a detail of the pivoted main beam between the axles of a horse-waggon'. The Finnic ·mokka belongs to those noteworthy cases of lexical borrowing, where the first-syllable vowel a is compensated by o, the reason probably lying with the donor language.
The main objective of the current paper is the study of the aspiration process and its loss of Latin
in Spanish during the Middle Ages in contrast with other peninsular languages from the metric of ...the texts written in verse (from the
until the
of Juan del Enzina). The analysis of the sounds distributed along the metrical feet of the verses sheds light on the reconstruction of the phonological element which underlies in the spelling. The systematic application of the dyalepha and synalepha, according to each period, will allow us to obtain an accurate perspective of this phenomenon, as well as to place it in its appropriate variational level of usage.
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