Dendrochronological studies are carried out on rural buildings in the French Alps for twenty years. In this contribution, we examine an extensive dataset of larch timbers (n = 1294) that were ...dendrochronologicaly dated at 139 buildings. This material yielded felling dates spanning the 11th century to the 20th century and contributed to improve our knowledge of human occupation and exploitation of mountain forests during the second millennium CE. From the 11th to the 14th century, rural populations increasingly exploited older forests. The crises of the 14th century led to a significant decrease in construction and by extension in tree cutting. The beginning of the 15th century marks a resumption of construction and felling which is continuous until the beginning of the 20th century. There is a relationship between the age of harvested trees, the number of dates and population fluctuations, which corroborates findings at the European scale. Regional trade probably influenced the stem diameters used in constructions in the immediate vicinity of the forests. Logging regulations can be perceived through variations in the age of harvested trees. The 14th century gap in felling dates would also mark a transition period in the exploitation of mountain forests and by extension a transformation of the economy.
The originality of Emilio Sereni's new use of pictorial images in his most known work, have drawn the attention of many scholars. Regardless of positive or negative opinions, an underestimated ...evaluation of the countless types of sources used by the author for his argumentation about italian rural landscapes, has occurred. In particular, this work analyses the approach of Sereni towards historic and thematic cartography.
El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer un marco teórico-metodológico para el diseño de propuestas didácticas en Educación Secundaria sobre la población del reino de Granada en la Edad Moderna. El ...reto es que el profesorado cuente con recursos sobre las fuentes demográficas más importantes que surgieron en el marco del proceso histórico que vivió el Reino tras la conquista de Granada, la posterior expulsión de los moriscos, y subsiguientes repoblaciones, hasta llegar al siglo XVIII. Para ello, se plantea una incursión en el sistema de archivos (Archivo Histórico de Simancas, Archivo Histórico Provincial de Granada/ Archivos Históricos Municipales) y el trabajo con fuentes demográficas de carácter primario tales como: las averiguaciones de alcabalas, los Libros de Apeo y Repartimientos, las llamadas Visitas, los Libros de los Cabezas de Casas del Catastro del Marqués de la Ensenada o el Censo de Floridablanca.
This article reviews the book „O tym nie wolno mówić…” Zagłada Żydów w opowieściach wspomnieniowych ze zbiorów Dionizjusza Czubali “We Are Not Allowed to Speak About It...” The Extermination of Jews ...in Memoirs from the Collection of Dionizjusz Czubala, selected and edited by Piotr Grochowski, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UMK, Toruń 2019, 236 pp.
The experience called "Arcevia during the First World War" was a way of practicing the part of the local history curriculum, which is essential for promoting education in active citizenship and ...democratic coexistence in pupils. In fact, it is precisely through the study of the territory and the education in the historical and artistic heritage, that one becomes active and aware citizens, capable of acting on the territory through courageous and responsible choices. To carry out the research, we resorted to the use of written and visual sources, the reading of informative and historical texts, surfing the internet and watching videos. The work carried out in the municipal historical archive and the municipal registry office was very significant. The most significant documents were analyzed by the children through the compilation of guide cards for the collection of information useful for historical reconstruction. The work of is carried out in an interdisciplinary way, making use of the skills of the various disciplines such as geography, mathematics, art and music.
Historia del tiempo presente Crescentino, Diego S.; Vitón, Gonzalo
História da Historiografia,
08/2020, Letnik:
13, Številka:
33
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar en torno a las posibilidades que ofrece la historia del tiempo presente como perspectiva historiográfica para conducir estudios críticos inmersos en la ...realidad que pretendemos analizar. A partir de numerosas fuentes secundarias y de nuestra experiencia investigadora, sistematizamos las definiciones existentes en torno a la historia del tiempo presente abordando su ontología, cuestionando su perspectiva epistemológica y dialogando con sus desafíos metodológicos. Tras ello, nos enfocamos en el análisis de dos de sus fuentes, escasamente integradas entre sí: las fuentes orales y los marcos normativos. Partimos de la hipótesis de que su integración a través de un diálogo interdisciplinar posibilita superar las limitaciones propias de la historia del tiempo presente. Concluimos que, efectivamente, esta perspectiva tiene esa posibilidad siempre y cuando se haga un tratamiento riguroso de las fuentes y no deje de considerarse la larga duración del tiempo histórico.
This paper aims at highlighting how interest in the issues of web and social media archiving and preservation has grown enormously, in parallel with the awareness of the importance of these ...‘resources’ as privileged sources for reconstructing the history of our era. How will the historians of the future be able to reconstruct the historical period we are living through if memory institutions are not able to archive and preserve the websites and social media of institutions, public bodies, parties, associations, government bodies, political figures, and famous people in general, given that everything is now conveyed through these channels? The fragility of the web, then, would require immediate action and the launch of ‘web and social media archiving’ initiatives without delay, on pain of the disappearance of all that has been made available online in recent years, but on this point the situation in Italy - with a few exceptions - appears to lag far behind other European countries and enormously behind the Anglo-Saxon countries. There is therefore an urgent need to launch initiatives to raise awareness on these issues and to train the skills and professionalism required to conduct web and social media archiving and preservation projects.
In this article I present a paradigmatic case to exemplify how cross-examining sources constitutes one of the core pillars of our research work. I argue that a primary source, which can be easily ...regarded as a piece of evidence that is beyond accidental or intentional alterations, that can only convey veracity, and is, therefore, broadly speaking, authentic, must also be cross-examined. There is no such thing, or there should be no such thing as a primary source invested with an aura of sanctity, exempt from the need for verification. The critical examination of sources, that process of comparing and contrasting information, is to our profession what the microscope and reagents are to the natural sciences. Cross-examining pieces of evidence constitutes the crux of all research work, as a piece of evidence is, as a rule, an incomplete and imperfect piece in the puzzle. But no matter how incomplete and imperfect they may be, those fragments of evidence are all we have to recreate the past. Tracing the origins of a tiny detail, such as a handwritten note in a mostly typewritten archival document, can be the thread that gives us the answer to a series of questions. From now on, all meticulous research work will consist of pulling this thread so that it may lead us to new and better explanations. That tiny detail is what we have been waiting for in order to finally piece together the pattern. This article is made from the analysis of documents from the Guatemalan Army, documentary collections from the Historical Archive of the National Police, newspapers, declassified documents from the United States Government, and oral sources.
The research of historical proper names reveals the necessity to emphasize and link the cultural, social and political aspects that play a role in the development of onyms. It should be noted that ...the language and the names of inhabited settlements reflecting it developed within a certain single system of life, which can be divided only hypothetically. The oikonymy of the extinct language, when viewed as the development of linguistic phenomena, should be addressed from a systematic perspective. It is impossible to draw the line that would divide the starting point and the end point of the development of historical proper names. The rich empirical data, mostly coming from historical manuscript sources, show an ongoing process. We cannot tell the exact date when the Old Prussian language became extinct. However, it is clear that the Old Prussian names of inhabited settlements outlived the language and were more resistant to the processes of Germanization and Polonization than it has been thought to this day. Linguistic, social and cultural phenomena occur in the same domain and are mutually dependent. Politics has the power to change the name. The replacement of some of East Prussia’s native toponyms with Russian ones is a sad proof of that power put into practice. Nevertheless, some indigenous toponyms had enough strength to survive. The dimension of historical time has been introduced to the research and the significance of change for the survival of Old Prussian proper names in the processes of Germanization and Polonization has been highlighted. Polish onomasticians also study the extralinguistic meaning of onyms through the heritage of the Teutonic Order, as onyms are the witnesses of history in the environment of language contacts. The monumental work of Polish researchers Nazwy miejscowe Polski (Eng. Polish Place Names) is also noteworthy, however, the material that is included or excluded occasionally poses quite a few questions for the researchers of Old Prussian proper names. The article discusses more interesting cases of Old Prussian oikonymy on the territory of present-day Poland.
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