The article considers the problem of topological descriptors of a philosophical text. Topological descriptors act as discursive points for the localization of the philosophical text, which allow us ...to describe its role and place in the production of modern humanitarian knowledge. Three perspectives of the analysis of the philosophical text in the contemporary sociocultural situation are outlined: the perspective of historical and philosophical research, the perspective of cultural research and the perspective of modern humanitarian knowledge. The historical and philosophical perspective from the point of view of topology is described through genre differences between philosophical texts, and also taking into account the differences between philosophical schools, trends, styles of thinking in intellectual history. The perspective of cultural research includes a philosophical text in a wide context of political, social and cultural transformations of modern society, and it becomes possible to talk about social topology. The perspective of modern humanitarian knowledge is analyzed from the perspective of the rehabilitation of philosophical discourse, the need for detailed textual work for the full inclusion of philosophy in the production process of significant social and cultural knowledge. As an original methodological approach, the article describes topological analytics, which is actively used by modern researchers to solve a whole range of issues of localization, description and understanding of the role of a philosophical text in modern humanities. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of further research in this direction.
Bread from stones Watenpaugh, Keith David
2015., 20150501, 2015, c2015., 2015-05-01
eBook
Bread from Stones,a highly anticipated book from historian Keith David Watenpaugh, breaks new ground in analyzing the theory and practice of modern humanitarianism. Genocide and mass violence, human ...trafficking, and the forced displacement of millions in the early twentieth century Eastern Mediterranean form the background for this exploration of humanitarianism's role in the history of human rights.Watenpaugh's unique and provocative examination of humanitarian thought and action from a non-Western perspective goes beyond canonical descriptions of relief work and development projects. Employing a wide range of source materials-literary and artistic responses to violence, memoirs, and first-person accounts from victims, perpetrators, relief workers, and diplomats-Watenpaugh argues that the international answer to the inhumanity of World War I in the Middle East laid the foundation for modern humanitarianism and the specific ways humanitarian groups and international organizations help victims of war, care for trafficked children, and aid refugees.Bread from Stonesis required reading for those interested in humanitarianism and its ideological, institutional, and legal origins, as well as the evolution of the movement following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the advent of late colonialism in the Middle East.
This thesis looks at the question of humanitarianism within a theoretical perspective that refrains from essentialism and the universalist tradition of thought. Humanitarianism is treated as a locale ...where tension, inconsistency, and inequality can be identified. It is a locale where discourses of humanity, suffering, compassion, rescuing, accountability, and right are examined in the course of discussing the current humanitarianism paradox and its practical challenges. By bringing those notions into focus, the thesis argues that humanitarianism should be conceptualised as a politics of life in that it occupies a totalitarian type of thinking. Central to this politics is humanitarianism's call to operationalise and standardise its interventions through adopting the moral, political, and principled horizons of the Western paradigm of "care and rescue". The implication of such a position fixes certain historically, politically, and culturally unequal relations in subjects' positions- namely those of the rescuer and the distant 'Other'- the rescued. This configuration is fuelled by the contemporary notion of aid assistance that conceptualises and restrains the category of 'suffering' to 'bodily human needs'- attributed to the abstract conception of humanity. As such, humanitarianism confines its approach to "one more blanket" or "a bed for the night". Consequently, the identity of the 'victims', 'beneficiaries', and 'rescued' have been transformed from political, historical, social, and cultural beings to the natural universal imagery of the biological self. Related to this is the discussion of the separation of politics and humanitarianism. To overcome these humanitarian trajectories, there is a need to politicise philanthropic humanitarianism through the human rights approach, precisely that of rights-based humanitarianism. Yet, the thesis argues that neither of these should be considered the absolute proper answer to the humanitarianism crises, as both are usually reconfigured through a Western subjectivity embedded in a relationship of power and domination. The thesis concludes with the importance of theorising the politics and practice of humanitarianism, and central to this is the critique of Eurocentrism and the foundationalist embrace of truth, progress, and common humanity.
This thesis is concerned with creative responses to the 2015-16 Calais Jungle and the 'refugee crisis' in Europe. Departing from studies that approach the Jungle as a 'state of exception', it draws ...instead upon the overdetermined notions of 'refugee voice' and 'refugee storytelling' to consider how 'humanity' has been negotiated, granted and revoked in Calais. I argue that creative representations of the Jungle signal a new chapter in refugee humanitarianism: one in which the 'human' of human rights, and the 'human' of humanitarianism, have become discursively entangled. I chart an emergent language of grassroots refugee solidarity through texts, plays, documentaries, films, installations, exhibitions, and visual artworks produced about the Jungle between 2015 and 2020. I demonstrate the ideological role that refugees and asylum seekers have played in shoring up the spatiotemporal boundaries of the European nation during the 'refugee crisis', via a rhetorical process termed here 'the affective economy of hopes and dreams'. Finally, the thesis argues that the Calais Jungle was not the edge, limit or 'other' of Europe. Rather, for British and European citizens, the camp has played a pivotal role in rethinking Europe as a geopolitical construct, and 'Europeanness' as a cultural concept, in the post-Brexit age.
lationships, processes in which a person can not always find its meaning. Extensive financial, technological and information capabilities provide comfort to many people, who lost for the ...understanding of certain values, faith in goodness, altruism, help to people in need. As a result - we become stale, corrupt, or lose faith in God or in humanity that, in fact, can lead to the destruction of human as a top of evolution. What fate awaits humanity in such circumstances? This question has no single answer, but at least one way the researchers Michael Barnett and Janice Gross Stein offer in the collective work Sacred Aid: Faith and Humanitarianism. This work reveals a Humanitarianism phenomenon in the modern world, its correlation with a faith, secular and sacred, the place and role of religious organisations in carrying out humanitarian activities and etc. The book consists of nine chapters, each of which illustrates the study of several prominent scholars from certain aspects of Humanitarianism that is implicit theoretical value and practical significance of this kind of research papers.
Every non-combatant death is regrettable, and Israel's conduct of the war can and should be questioned, examined, and held to the standards of international humanitarian law. In addition to the ...atrocities of Oct 7, 2023, it uses the strategy of deliberately putting its own citizens in harm's way to curry international sympathy.7 A senior member of the leadership of Hamas freely acknowledged that its extensive tunnel system, built with funds diverted from international humanitarian aid,8 is designed to protect its fighters, not its citizens, who are intentionally deprived of air raid shelters or other forms of safe haven.2 That Hamas and its allies cannot prevail in this conflict is undeniably clear given Israel's overwhelming advantage in military power and firepower. Doing so would probably be followed by a quick end to the war, allow an orderly transition of power in the territory, and let the citizens of Gaza return to their homes and start to rebuild.
The closing panel of the National Council on U.S.-Arab Relations' conference in Washington, DC on Nov. 3 featured an update on Lebanon by former U.S. ambassador to Morocco Edward M. Gabriel, who is ...also the president and CEO of the American Task Force on Lebanon (ATFL). The maritime border agreement recently negotiated between Israel and Lebanon was "diplomacy at its best," Gabriel asserted. "Now that the dispute and the threat of instability is gone, it will open up the market for investors to come in there in the oil and gas area."
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