This article explains how to determine the optimum time to harvest hops. It is part of a series that examines the challenges and opportunities of hop production in Florida based on research at the ...UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (UF/IFAS GCREC). Written by Shinsuke Agehara, Mariel Gallardo, Christopher DelCastillo, Weining Wang, and Jack Rechcigl, and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department; 4 pp. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1436
Humulus lupulus Linn. is a traditional medicinal and edible plant with several biological properties. The aims of this work were: (1) to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of H. lupulus ...ethanolic extract; (2) to study the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of isoxanthohumol, an isoprene flavonoid from H. lupulus, against Botrytis cinerea; and (3) to explore the antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol on B. cinerea. The present data revealed that the ethanolic extract of H. lupulus exhibited moderate antifungal activity against the five tested phytopathogenic fungi in vitro, and isoxanthohumol showed highly significant antifungal activity against B. cinerea, with an EC50 value of 4.32 µg/mL. Meanwhile, it exhibited moderate to excellent protective and curative efficacies in vivo. The results of morphologic observation, RNA-seq, and physiological indicators revealed that the antifungal mechanism of isoxanthohumol is mainly related to metabolism; it affected the carbohydrate metabolic process, destroyed the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and hindered the generation of ATP by inhibiting respiration. Further studies indicated that isoxanthohumol caused membrane lipid peroxidation, thus accelerating the death of B. cinerea. This study demonstrates that isoxanthohumol can be used as a potential botanical fungicide for the management of phytopathogenic fungi.
Este artículo explica cómo instalar las cuerdas en un sistema de tutorado de lúpulo de 18 pies de altura. Además, este artículo es parte de una serie que revisa los desafíos y oportunidades para la ...producción de lúpulo en Florida, basándose en la experiencia de investigación en UF/IFAS GCREC. Escrito por Shinsuke Agehara y Christopher DelCastillo; traducido por Mariel Gallardo; 4 pp. Translation of HS1418, "How to Install Twines in a Hopyard." https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1431
This publication is designed to provide information on managing spider mites on hops grown in Florida to hops growers, UF/IFAS Extension agents, and other crop protection professionals. Hops (Humulus ...lupulus L.) (Cannabinaceae), a new crop for Florida, has been studied at the UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (GCREC) since 2016. A fall and spring crop have been cultivated each year, providing opportunity to observe pests and evaluate pest management strategies over several seasons. Spider mites (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) have been a consistent pest of hops at GCREC each season. Information on chemical and biological control is provided.
Studies on the northeastern American native hops (
ssp
) from the Canadian Maritimes are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic structure and diversity among 25 wild-collected hops from ...three Canadian Maritime provinces using microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) markers. Based on 43 SSR markers, four distinct subgroups were found, with a low molecular variance (19%) between subgroups and a high variance (81%) within subgroups. The Nei's unbiased genetic distance between clusters ranged from 0.01 to 0.08, the genetic distance between clusters 2 and 3 being the farthest and that between clusters 1 and 2 the closest. Cluster 2 captured the highest overall diversity. A total of 18 SSR markers clearly discriminated hop clones by detecting putative subspecies-specific haplotypes, differentiating clones of native-wild
ssp
from the naturalized old and modern hop cultivars. Seven of the 18 SSR markers also differentiated two clones from the same site from one another. The study is the first, using molecular markers, to identify SSR markers with potential for intellectual property protection in Canadian Maritimes hops. The SSR markers herein used can be prime tools for hop breeders and growers in the region.
Safety Assessment of Hops as Used in Cosmetics Becker, Lillian; Boyer, Ivan; Bergfeld, Wilma F. ...
International journal of toxicology,
02/2024, Letnik:
43, Številka:
1_suppl
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract (reported functions include antimicrobial agent and hair conditioning agent) and Humulus ...Lupulus (Hops) Oil (reported function is fragrance). The Panel reviewed the relevant data related to these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. For these ingredients, the Panel was concerned about the presence of 8-prenylnaringenin, β-myrcene, and quercetin in cosmetics, which could result in estrogenic effects, dermal irritation, and genotoxicity, respectively. Industry should use current good manufacturing practices to limit impurities and constituents of concern. The Panel concluded that Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract and Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Oil are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-sensitizing.
Because of the rapidly growing craft beer industry and rising hop prices, the potential of hops as an alternative crop is currently being investigated at the UF/IFAS GCREC. Proper installation of ...twines is critical to facilitate easier crop management and harvesting. This new article by explains how to install twines on a 18-ft hop trellis. It is part of a series that reviews the challenges of hop production in Florida. Written by Shinsuke Agehara and Christopher DelCastillo; 3 pp. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1418
Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are used in the pharmaceutical industry and are an essential component in the brewing industry, as they impart bitterness and aroma to beer. The increase in demand for hops ...due to the growth of the craft brewing industry has stimulated its expansion into new regions and countries, including Brazil. Between February and March 2023, downy mildew-like symptoms were observed in hop plants of the Cascade cultivar in an experimental area in the municipality of Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil. During this period, 100 % of the observed plants of the Cascade cultivar showed symptoms of downy mildew and 25 % did not form cones. Hop downy mildew is an important hop disease in many growing areas around the world and is usually associated with economic losses. As there is no information or reports of downy mildew in hop in southern Brazil, this work aimed to identify the causal agent of the disease and its association with the observed symptoms. Based on morphological and molecular characterization, the pathogen associated with the symptoms was identified as Pseudoperonospora humuli (Miy. and Tak.) Wilson. This is the first report of P. humuli infecting hop plants in Brazil and its identification enables the adoption of control measures to prevent the spread of the pathogen in hop cultivation in Brazil.
•Plants infected with mildew may not complete the cycle.•Hop cones infected by downy mildew are unmarketable.•The Cascade cultivar showed less tolerance to hop downy mildew.•The causal agent was identified as Pseudoperonospora humuli.•Climatic conditions in southern Brazil favor the infection of P. humuli on hops.
Este artículo describe las prácticas de manejo del cultivo y horas de mano de obra necesarios para la producción de lúpulo a pequeña escala en Florida con el objetivo de ayudar a los productores a ...tomar decisiones de inversión y de manejo de campo. This new 6-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department was written by Shinsuke Agehara, Mariel Gallardo, Aleyda Acosta-Rangel, Zhanao Deng, Jack Rechcigl, Tianyuan Luo, and Qi Qiu, and translated by Mariel Gallardo.
•Green methods to obtain hop extracts rich in bioactive compounds were proposed.•Efficiency of ultrasound- and microwave-assisted extraction of hops were compared.•Microwave-assisted extraction with ...ethanol produced 2.5 times more xanthohumol than ultrasounds.•1H-NMR fingerprinting of hop green extracts was carried out.•Trigonelline was identified in the hop aqueous extracts.
Currently, there is a continuous growth in demand for medicinal and aromatic plant derived molecules obtained in a sustainable and eco-friendly way. Among the medicinal plants that have a plethora of health-related properties, there is definitely hops. In the present study, microwaves (MW) and ultrasounds (US) were used to increase the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from hop cones using water, ethanol and their mixture as food-grade solvents. A multidisciplinary approach was used for the in-depth characterization of green extracts. The bioactive components were determined by chemical methods, using both spectrophotometric assays as well as high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis of individual phenols, bitter acids and xanthohumol, and results were compared with those from a control extract, obtained using aqueous methanol (80 %) acidified with HCl (0.1 %). Moreover, we applied proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy to reveal insights on the different composition in terms of primary and secondary metabolites of the green extracts analyzed. Generally, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of hop cones with ethanol showed the strongest extraction power for almost all the bioactive compounds investigated, as well as the shortest extraction time (1 min) and the highest antiradical capacity. 1H-NMR analyses showed an overall greater influence of solvent polarity, rather than extraction technique, on the average composition of the final extract. 1H-NMR fingerprinting of hop aqueous extracts highlighted as main components sugars and amino acids, as well as other metabolites including trigonelline, an alkaloid with interesting biological properties. However, the two extraction techniques significantly affected the contribution of signals in the terpene or aromatic regions when ethanol and ethanol:water were used as solvents, proving a better extraction efficiency for these compounds of MW than US. Regardless the extraction technique and solvent used, the most abundant polyphenol compound in the green extracts analyzed was catechin, ranging from 2989 ± 10 to 14009 ± 248 μg g−1 (for UAEETOH and MAEETOH, respectively), followed by rutin and chlorogenic acid. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid-diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging methods were used to evaluate the biological properties of green hop extracts, showing a superior free-radical scavenging capacity in MW irradiated ethanol samples compared to other samples tested. The inter-relationships between the parameters analyzed and the different extraction conditions, as well as the relationships among variables, were investigated by principal component analysis.
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