The drivers behind microplastic (up to 5mm in diameter) consumption by animals are uncertain and impacts on foundational species are poorly understood. We investigated consumption of weathered, ...unfouled, biofouled, pre-production and microbe-free National Institute of Standards plastic by a scleractinian coral that relies on chemosensory cues for feeding. Experiment one found that corals ingested many plastic types while mostly ignoring organic-free sand, suggesting that plastic contains phagostimulents. Experiment two found that corals ingested more plastic that wasn't covered in a microbial biofilm than plastics that were biofilmed. Additionally, corals retained ~8% of ingested plastic for 24h or more and retained particles appeared stuck in corals, with consequences for energetics, pollutant toxicity and trophic transfer. The potential for chemoreception to drive plastic consumption in marine taxa has implications for conservation.
•Corals ingest many plastic types, including weathered types often found in oceans.•Plastic leachates may be phagostimulants, causing ingestion in marine taxa.•~8% of ingested plastics are retained for at least 24h; impacts must be examined.•Biofilms or seawater exposure may reduce plastic ingestion rates.•Unfouled plastic triggers a stronger feeding response in coral.
As a revolutionary technique, 360-degree live video streaming provides users with an immersive and realistic experience for a live event. However, due to the limited upload bandwidth of broadcasters, ...the ingest of 360-degree live video streams has become a bottleneck that seriously lowers the overall utility of viewers. In this paper, we first conduct a series of measurement studies to unveil the characteristics of 360-degree video viewers and the effectiveness of neural enhancement under various settings. Based on the obtained insights, we further propose a novel neural-enhanced 360-degree live video ingest framework called Vaser . A key innovation of Vaser is to take viewport information into account when conducting neural enhancement and tile uploading. Vaser can significantly reduce the upload bandwidth demand for 360-degree live video ingest without sacrificing user experiences. We also propose an enhanced complexity-based patch selection algorithm to improve the efficiency of SR model training. To better utilize the upload bandwidth, we exploit deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to determine the bitrate of upload streams and the frequency of SR model updates. Last, we implement the whole framework and validate its effectiveness using real network traces. The experimental results show that our proposed framework can reduce the upload bandwidth consumption by 40%-55.6% on average with an upscale ratio of 2 and improve the overall utility of viewers by 1.15x-3.61x compared to other baseline approaches.
Bones are potential foreign bodies that could be accidentally ingested, leading to several symptoms varying from asymptomatic to perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. However, these cases are ...rare but may be misdiagnosed with other common diseases such as appendicitis. We present in this case a 25-year-old male who presented with appendicitis symptoms, after appendectomy the patient had the same complaint, But the colonoscopy demonstrated a meat bone in the terminal ileum and was removed with the same device. Finally, he was discharged from the hospital without complications and after decreasing abdominal pain. According to the literature review, this is one of the rare cases of using colonoscopy to treat bone impaction non-operatively.
Whether it is to free up room for study space or new collections, or for the safety and preservation of library materials, librarians and other professionals have engaged in mass ingestion projects ...to relocate barcoded items to high density storage facilities. Yet logistics and workflow receive little mention in the literature. The workflow established by staff at the Zhang Legacy Collections Center of Western Michigan University in 2019 allowed it to move 25,000 books from the main library stacks. The efficiencies offered by this workflow allowed staff to manage the disconnect between limited equipment and staffing and the demands of a large-scale project using the software program CAIA (Circulation, Accession & Inventory Analysis).
Background and Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of our unique nutritional supply-demand control system, Nutrition Support Team Manager (NSTManager), in stroke patients who ...were unable to orally consume food due to disturbances of consciousness or dysphagia early in their hospitalization. Methods: Acute stroke patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of ≤12 or who had a meal intake of <70% on hospitalization day 3 and who could be observed for 28 consecutive days were included. Nutritional status, energy intake, fasting periods, and adverse gastrointestinal events were evaluated and compared between before (control group, n=30) and after (NSTManager group, n=39) NSTManager introduction. Results: Significant reduction of fasting periods (p=0.00022), adverse gastrointestinal events (p=0.019), and changes in body weight (p=0.032) were noted in the NSTManager group in contrast to the control group. Higher significant energy intake (day 21, p=0.027 and day 28, p=0.019, respectively) were seen in the NSTManager group than in the control group on hospitalization days 21 and 28. Conclusion: Nutritional support using NSTManager was beneficial for patients recovering from strokes.
Background and Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of our unique nutritional supply-demand control system, Nutrition Support Team Manager (NSTManager), in stroke patients who ...were unable to orally consume food due to disturbances of consciousness or dysphagia early in their hospitalization. Methods: Acute stroke patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of ≤12 or who had a meal intake of <70% on hospitalization day 3 and who could be observed for 28 consecutive days were included. Nutritional status, energy intake, fasting periods, and adverse gastrointestinal events were evaluated and compared between before (control group, n=30) and after (NSTManager group, n=39) NSTManager introduction. Results: Significant reduction of fasting periods (p=0.00022), adverse gastrointestinal events (p=0.019), and changes in body weight (p=0.032) were noted in the NSTManager group in contrast to the control group. Higher significant energy intake (day 21, p=0.027 and day 28, p=0.019, respectively) were seen in the NSTManager group than in the control group on hospitalization days 21 and 28. Conclusion: Nutritional support using NSTManager was beneficial for patients recovering from strokes.
Se evaluó el efecto de tres insecticidas botánicos comerciales sobre la mortalidad por residualidad e in- gestión en Tamarixia radiata. Se observó que el Biodie y NeeemPHC produjeron mortalidad del ...12.7 y 12.3 %, por efecto de residual, respectivamente; y del 33.3 y 28.7 % mortalidad por ingestión. El tiempo también incrementó de forma signi cativa la mortalidad, aunque sólo por ingestión y hasta las 48 y 72 h con Biodie, y el mismo período por el NeeemPHC. El CinnAcar fue poco tóxico por ingestión y ninguno de los insecticidas botánicos tuvieron efectos signi cativos en la emergencia de adultos. Los tres productos evaluados no inter eren en el control biológico.
This paper describes the need for coordinating pre-ingest activities in digital preservation of archival records. As a result of the wide use of electronic records management systems (ERMS) in ...agencies, the focus is on several issues relating to the interaction of the agency’s ERMS and public repositories. This paper indicates the importance of using digital recordkeeping metadata to meet more precisely and at the same time semi-automatically the criteria set by memory institutions. The paper provides an overview of one prospective solution and describes the Estonian National Archives’ universal archiving module (UAM). A case study reports the use of the UAM in preserving the digital records of the Estonian Minister for Population and Ethnic Affairs. In this project, the preparation and transfer of archival records was divided into ten phases, starting from the description of the archival creator and ending with controlled transfer. The case study raises questions about how much recordkeeping metadata can be used in archival description and how the interaction of the agency’s ERMS and ingest by the archives could be more automated. The main issues (e.g. classification, metadata elements variations, mapping, and computer files conversions) encountered during that project are discussed. Findings show that the Open Archival Information System functional model’s
ingest
part should be reconceptualised to take into account preparatory work. Adding detailed metadata about the structure, context and relationships in the right place at the right time could get one step closer to digital codified knowledge archiving by creating synergies with various other digital repositories.
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