With development of the Internet the world has become bigger and now people who are living in different parts of the world have the means to communicate with each other in their pockets, there are ...all sorts of social media websites with all kinds of bloggers, streamers and the like who amass multicultural audience; big companies and small businesses develop connections more rapidly; individuals in general have more opinions and points of view to consider, and because of that the ability to think critically is now more important than ever before in human history. That is why modern higher education institutions tend to teach their students critical reading which helps them develop many adjacent skills such as researching information, communicating with, understanding and tolerating people of different background.
This means that future critically thinking professionals need to be able to consider problems from different angles and find solutions to them suitable for everyone. Moreover, a critically thinking person should have an ability to understand the meaning of the text and its subtext implied by the author, to take different viewpoints into consideration, analyze them wisely and disregard the negative background of communication.
Purpose. The paper aims at considering the ways of developing critical reading skills through reading foreign periodicals. The authors offer a set of teaching techniques for critical reading skill formation. The key point here is that the work with the text presupposes several successive steps.
Results. The consequence of using these teaching techniques will be the students’ ability to formulate goals and objectives, to set hypotheses, to assess their own and others’ judgments and put forward a compromise solution. In the future, reading any publication, they will be able to assess the opinion of the author, to see the degree of the author’s influence on the reader’s views, but, simultaneously, adequately receive the information transferred by the text itself.
Practical implication. Therefore, the skill of critical reading opens up new opportunities for effective participation in foreign language communication, thanks to which mutual understanding between different nationalities becomes a reality.
The phenomenon of mirativity, which is based on conveying information that is new or unexpected and causes surprise and counter-expectation, was observed and analysed in many languages; however, ...there is a lack of research on the topic in the Slovak language. The aim of this paper is to identify, analyse and compare mirative meanings based on Aikhenvald’s range. We have applied Aikhenvald’s approach to the set of collected prefixal verbs of sight perception in the past tense using journalistic texts selected from the daily newspaper SME that are listed in the Slovak National Corpus. We are particularly interested in showing how the grammatic and semantic categories of Aktionsart are intertwined with the concept of mirativity. The results demonstrate that the most frequently used types of Aktionsart in sentences with mirative overtones are inchoative, comitative, delimitative and resultative.
Fenomen mirativnosti, koji se temelji na prijenosu informacija koje su nove ili neočekivane,te uzrokuju iznenađenje i protivno očekivanje, opažen je i analiziran u mnogim jezicima. Međutim, nema mnogo istraživanja na ovu temu na slovačkom jeziku. Cilj ovog rada je identificirati, analizirati i usporediti značenja mirativnosti na temelju opsega A. Y. Aikhenvaldove. Primijenili smo pristup A. Y. Aikhenvaldove skupu prikupljenih glagola zapažanja s prefiksom u prošlom vremenu koristeći novinarske tekstove odabrane iz dnevnih novina SME koji su navedeni u Slovačkom nacionalnom korpusu. Posebno nas zanima prikazati kako su gramatičke i semantičke kategorije Aktionsarta isprepletene skonceptom mirativnosti. Rezultati pokazuju da su najčešće korišteni tipovi Aktionsartau rečenicama s mirativnim značenjem inkohativni, komitativni, delimitativni i rezultativni.
The article deals with the peculiarities of the creation of documentary television stories in the genre of infotainment and examines the characteristics of their impact on the television audience. As ...a result of the analysis of specific materials of the “Morning of Russia” program, the author proves the necessity of using dramatic techniques in order to form the emotional perception of information when writing journalistic texts and creating a video footage. Much attention is paid to the concept of “conflict” and the importance of its use for direct and indirect impact on the viewer. Building a retrospective from the moment of the appearance of the genre as something entertaining, sensational and shocking, to the moment of its penetration into serious television information formats, the author shows the importance of merging the news-related, detached, distanced approach with the emotional, personalized context of the information plot to focus the audience’s attention on the problem points of the material. The author considers the impact on the audience by means of dramatic techniques and within the concept of the genre “infotainment” in order to form one or other opinion in the viewer as an important aspect of the influence of electronic media, correlating with the literary, artistic component on the one hand, and modern technical means on the other. The choice of artistic means, style of writing, characters appearing in the television story, are the most important factors influencing the final perception of the television product. The material created with the help of such technical and artistic means, according to the author, can not only emphasize the importance of a particular social issue, but also form a certain point of view on all aspects of the topic concerned, allow the viewer to take a particular position, and thus become like-minded or, on the contrary, an opponent within the particular event or phenomenon. В статье рассматриваются особенности создания документальных телевизионных сюжетов в жанре инфотейнмента, исследуются характерные особенности их воздействия на телевизионную ауди-торию. В результате анализа конкретных материалов программы «Утро России» автор в целях формирования эмоционального восприятия информации при написании журналистских текстов и создании видеоряда доказывает необходимость использования драматургических приемов. Большое внимание уделяется понятию «конфликт» и значимости его использования для прямого и опосредованного воздействия на зрителя. Выстраивая ретроспективу от момента возникновения жанра как развлекательного, сенсационного, эпатажного, до момента его проникновения в серьезные телевизионные информационные форматы, автор показывает важность слияния новостного, отстраненного, дистанцируемого подхода с эмоциональным, персонифицированным контекстом информационного сюжета в целях фокусировки внимания аудитории на проблемных точках материала. Воздействие на аудиторию методами драматургических приемов и в рамках концепции жанра «инфотейнмент» в целях формирования той или иной точки зрения у зрителя рассматривается автором как важный аспект влияния электронных средств массовой информации, коррелирующий с литературной, художественной составляющей с одной стороны, и современными техническими средствами, с другой. Выбор художественных средств, стилистики написания текста, действующих лиц, появляющихся в телевизионном сюжете, являются важнейшими факторами, влияющими на конечное восприятие телевизионного продукта. Созданный с помощью подобных технических и художественных средств материал, по мнению автора, может не только подчеркнуть важность той или иной социальной проблемы, но и сформировать определенную точку зрения на все аспекты затрагиваемой темы, позволить зрителю занять ту или иную позицию, а значит, стать единомышленником или напротив, оппонентом в рамках того или иного события или явления.
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