Since the 1990s, 24-hour national and especially transnational television news channels (BBC World, CNN International, CNBC, etc.) have imposed themselves as models for nonstop news production in ...Western Europe and have propagated a new model of professional excellence. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews conducted at the pan-European channel Euronews, this article discusses the characteristics of the concrete organization of the new division of journalistic work such as its designs for processing and producing just-in-time news, and how it tailors its product for a transnational audience. The functioning of Euronews is a living laboratory for studying the constraints that bear on all-news networks, including the relentless reduction in production costs, the effects of temporal compression (spot assignments that are unpredictable, 'live' broadcasts, etc.), and the development of sedentary or 'sit-down journalism'. This article offers a rare ethnographic window into the workaday universe of 24-hour news broadcasting.
As early as the mid-1880s, women began moving into metropolitan newspaper work in increasing—and increasingly visible—numbers. “There is a large number of women in New York who support themselves by ...writing for the newspapers, daily and weekly,” wrote Martha Louise Rayne in her 1884 guideWhat Can a Woman Do; or, Her Position in the Business and Literary World.¹ TheJournalist, a New York trade journal, estimated in 1888 that about two hundred women were working for New York newspapers alone,² and many commentators noted that most local papers employed one or two women during the same period.
Journalism has long been seen as a ‘young person’s occupation’. While the average age of journalists has increased from 35 to 39 in past 20 years, this article investigates what developments are ...covered, or covered up, by this average. The Worlds of Journalism Study data permit us to compare journalistic workforce ages with that of the general workforce, we juxtapose labour force median ages with journalists’ median ages in 60 countries. On realizing that age alone does not present experience, we also include years of professional experience as indicator for journalistic workforce profiling, and also analyse the journalistic and general workforce in age segments in 14 countries to arrive at a more detailed picture of age distribution. Our findings reaffirm that journalism is still an occupation for the young, and underscore the fact that in many countries journalists do not stay in the job for long. This leads us to contend that journalism lives with large numbers of young and relatively inexperienced workers, making it an easier transition into the digital age when journalism similarly is created from many diverse sources and with workers with varying levels of experience.
In this compelling, accessible examination of one of America's
greatest cultural and literary figures, Robert Leigh Davis details
the literary and social significance of Walt Whitman's career as a
...nurse during the American Civil War. Davis shows how the concept of
"convalescence" in nineteenth-century medicine and philosophy-along
with Whitman's personal war experiences-provide a crucial point of
convergence for Whitman's work as a gay and democratic writer. In
his analysis of Whitman's writings during this
period- Drum-Taps, Democratic Vistas, Memoranda During the
War , along with journalistic works and correspondence-Davis
argues against the standard interpretation that Whitman's earliest
work was his best. He finds instead that Whitman's hospital
writings are his most persuasive account of the democratic
experience. Deeply moved by the courage and dignity of common
soldiers, Whitman came to identify the Civil War hospitals with the
very essence of American democratic life, and his writing during
this period includes some of his most urgent reflections on
suffering, sympathy, violence, and love. Davis concludes this study
with an essay on the contemporary medical writer Richard Selzer,
who develops the implications of Whitman's ideas into a new theory
of medical narrative.
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