Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are very common in family medicine, despite being a poorly-defined clinical entity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention (EI) on ...self-rated quality of life, treatment satisfaction, and the family physician-patient relationship in patients with MUS.
In a multi-centre longitudinal intervention study, which was performed between 2012 and 2014, patients were asked to rate their quality of life, assess their depression, anxiety, stress and somatisation, complete the Hypochondriasis Index, the Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale and the Patient Enablement Instrument for assessing the physician-patient relationship, before and after the EI.
The mean values before and after the intervention showed that after the EI, patients with MUS gave a lower (total) mean rating of their health issues and a higher rating of their quality of life, and they also had a more positive opinion of their relationship with the physician (p<0.05). However, there were no differences in the (total) rating of treatment satisfaction before and after the EI (p=0.423). Significant differences in the symptoms in patients with MUS before and after the intervention were confirmed for stress, somatisation and hypochondriasis (p<0.05).
It could be beneficial to equip family physicians with the knowledge, skills and tools to reduce hypochondriasis and somatisation in MUS patients, which would improve patients' self-rated health status.
Dalian je drugo najpomembnejše mesto na jugu province Liaoning na severovzhodu Kitajske. Nekoč je tam stalo naselje Qingniwa, ki so ga med letoma 1858 in 1950 drug za drugim zasedli Britanci, Japonci ...in Rusi. Vsak osvajalec je v mestu uvedel svoj arhitekturni slog. Rusi so mesto med drugo svetovno vojno odvzeli Japoncem, leta 1950 pa so ga končno vrnili Kitajski. Po letu 1950 je bila večina stavb in območij iz časa ruskega imperija porušena zaradi prenove, ki je potekala v mestu. Največje spremembe so se zgodile po letu 1984, ko so mesto razglasili za posebno gospodarsko območje, zlasti pa v 90. letih 20. stoletja, ko je postal župan Bo Xilai, ki je v mestu uredil parke, avtoceste in krožišča. Tradicionalno grajeno okolje je skoraj izginilo; danes je to sodobno mesto, v katerem se gradijo obsežna stanovanjska naselja. V njem prevladujejo stanovanjske stolpnice, v katerih živi 5,72 milijona prebivalcev. Leta 2011 je bila med 400 prebivalci opravljena anketa, v kateri so morali ti izraziti svoje mnenje o življenju v Dalianu in na njegovem ureditvenem območju ter oceniti svoje življenjske pogoje in stopnjo zadovoljstva s stanovanji. Rezultati ankete so jasno razkrili negotovost večine anketirancev glede spremenljivk, povezanih s kakovostjo stanovanj ter z naravo, s kakovostjo in z dostopnostjo razpoložljivih storitev. Kljub temu je največ anketirancev navedlo, da imajo javni promet, odprte prostore, parke in rekreativne površine na voljo blizu doma.
Objectives. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures a patient’s subjective experience of his or her health status. We aimed to show how the presence of chronic diseases and satisfaction with ...family physicians (FPs) were associated with the HRQoL of a Roma population.
Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in May 2011 on a representative sample of 650 Roma living in Prekmurje, Slovenia. The EQ-5D questionnaire was used for measuring the HRQoL of the Roma. Demographical data, 12 groups of diseases diagnosed in the last 12 months and satisfaction with FPs were included in the questionnaire.
Results. The response rate was 88.3% (574), of which 56.4% were female, and the average age of the participants had a mean value of 40.2±12.7 years. The presence of cardiovascular problems with risk factors for them or presence of musculoskeletal disorders were strongly associated with the presence of pain (Cramer’s V = 0.40 and 0.46 respectively).There was a strong association between the presence of mental disorders and anxiety and depression (Cramer´s V = 0.58). The average satisfaction with the family physician was 3.9 (mean±1.10) on a five-point Likert scale. There was no significant association between HRQoL and satisfaction with the family physician.
Conclusions. Roma with chronic mental health problems had the lowest HRQoL in the Roma population. More attention should be paid to this subgroup of Roma in family medicine, and interventions should be provided. High satisfaction with their FPs is not associated with the observed quality of life variables
Uvod. Z zdravjem povezana kakovost življenja (HRQoL) je odraz pacientove subjektivne ocene lastnega zdravstvenega stanja. V naši raziskavi smo skušali ugotoviti, kakšen je vpliv nekaterih kroničnih bolezni in zadovoljstva z izbranim zdravnikom na HRQoL med romskim prebivalstvom.
Metode. Maja 2011 smo izvedli presečno raziskavo v reprezentativnem vzorcu 650 pomurskih Romov. HRQoL smo merili z vprašalnikom EQ-5D; vključili smo še demografske podatke, zadovoljstvo z izbranim družinskim zdravnikom in 12 bolezenskih stanj, ki so bila diagnosticirana v zadnjih 12 mesecih.
Rezultati. Odzivnost je bila 88,3-odstotna (574), 56,4 % je bilo žensk in povprečna starost sodelujočih je bila 40,2 +/- 12,7 leta. Nizek HRQoL v skupini s srčno-žilnimi boleznimi z dejavniki tveganja zanje in kostnomišičnimi boleznimi je bil močno povezan s prisotnostjo bolečine (Cramer z V = 0,40 in 0,46). V skupini z duševnimi težavami pa je bila močna povezava nizkega HRQoL s prisotnimi znaki anksioznosti in depresije (Cramer z V = 0,58). Povprečno zadovoljstvo z zdravnikom družinske medicine je bilo 3,9 (mediana +/- 1,10) na pettočkovni Likertovi lestvici. Ni bilo statistične povezave med HRQoL in zadovoljstvom z zdravnikom družinske medicine.
Zaključki. Romi s prisotnostjo duševnih težav imajo najnižji HRQoL v romskem prebivalstvu. Več pozornosti bi v družinski medicini morali posvetiti tej podskupini Romov. Zadovoljstvo z zdravnikom družinske medicine ni povezano z opazovanimi spremenljivkami kakovosti življenja
Quality of life and alcohol consumption: a review of the literature Background: The Quality of Life concept was used to evaluate the impact of alcohol consumption. The purpose of this systematic ...literature review was to determine the topics analysed and the research methodology used in the field of quality of life and alcohol drinking. Methods: A search of the Medline database was conducted to find original research articles in English focusing on certain keywords, i.e. 'quality of life' and 'alcohol drinking', 'alcoholism' or 'alcohol-related disorders', published in the last 10 years, which included population above the age of 18. The abstracts of the resulting articles were screened to select articles focusing on the association between alcohol consumption and the quality of life. These articles were systematically reviewed and analysed for study method and research theme. Results: 27 articles were included in further analysis. The researchers focussed on two major themes - the link between quality of life and alcohol consumption in the general population and in patients dependent on alcohol. Most of the studies were cross-sectional or longitudinal non-interventional studies. Intervention studies were mostly done on a population addicted to alcohol. Qualitative research methods were not used. Conclusions: Quality of life is a relevant criterion for assessing the effects of alcohol consumption. There is a lack of qualitative research in this area. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Older people and their strategies for coping with health risks Introduction: This article addresses the problems of one of the most vulnerable groups in society - older people. We examine the health ...risks facing older people in everyday life based on their own subjective perceptions. By analysing coping strategies, we discover diverse ways older people help themselves when faced with various risks. Methods: This paper is based on a study with a two-stage mixed method research design that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The initial quantitative survey data on the quota sample (N=558) is later expanded in the primary qualitative part employing a grounded theory approach with multi-stage coding procedures, analysing 35 semistructured in-depth interviews. Results: In older people's perceptions, health risks largely dominate. Health problems can highly endanger one's quality of life, which is strongly represented by the category of independence. To better cope with health-threatening circumstances of everyday life, older people use various active and passive coping strategies, ranging from the use of technological aids to self-limitation and receiving social support. Discussion: The analysis of coping strategies represents a suitable approach for observing older people as active agents promoting their own well-being. On the basis of their individual coping strategies, we are able to indirectly assess which areas we could do more in for the autonomy and social inclusion of older people in our society. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Extended description:
Information:
Captions regarding smoking, TBC patients, smokers, an X-Ray of lungs, animation of functioning lungs. A hospital building. Bojan Fartič talking about the harmful ...effects of smoking and smoking related diseases. Young people, both boys and girls smoking. Sickbeds in the hospital, industrial chimneys, smoke billowing out from them. Office work, smokers, people dancing in a smoky club. A female smoker inhaling cigarette smoke. Smokers.
Original language summary:
Telopi o kajenju , tuberkulozni bolniki, kadilci, rentgenska slika pljuč, animacija delovanja. Bolnišnica, o škodljivosti kajenja in boleznih, ki so posledice kajenja govori Bojan Fortič, mladi kadijo, tudi dekleta, bolniške postelje bolnici, dimniške tovarne, dim, delo v pisarni, kadilci, ples v zakajenem lokalu, kadilka inhalira, kadilci.
Članek opisuje stanovanjske trende v Češki republiki. Določajo jih družbene, gospodarske, tehnične in kulturne spremembe, ki v zadnjih dveh desetletjih potekajo v srednji Evropi, in so hkrati ...pozitivni in negativni. Pozitivna trenda sta dvig količine ter kakovosti stanovanjskega prostora in raznolikost arhitekturnih rešitev za posamezne naročnike. Negativni trend pa je širitev urbanega prostora, ki skupaj s čedalje več avtomobili uničuje naravo ter prostor in manjša vrednost zemljišč. Razvoj je neizogiben, zato se je treba načrtovanja pokrivanja stanovanjskih potreb lotiti razumno in multidisciplinarno ter razumeti potrebe človeka in narave.
Osnovni cilj prispevka je predstaviti vedenje različnih disciplin o praksah ocenjevanja kakovosti življenja v povezavi z javnimi ukrepi na področjih načrtovanja mest in oblikovanja, transporta in ...mobilnosti. Z njim želimo izboljšati razumevanje odgovornih politikov in strokovnjakov o ocenjevanju kakovosti življenja prebivalcev. Gre za uvod v raziskavo, kjer bomo analizirali videnja vpletenih in odgovornih posameznikov o posledicah politik o mobilnosti na kakovost življenja. Prednostni rezultat raziskave bodo priporočila za izboljšanje procesov ocenjevanja. Razvita orodja bodo preskušana na pilotnem primeru.
Extended description:
<!--if gte mso 10>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
...mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
<!endif-->
Problem raka na dojkah, aparatura za odkrivanje, pacientka pri pregledu, rentgenski posnetki, mikroskop, računalnik, izjava mag. Tanja Čufar, strokovna pomočnica direktorja Onkološkega inštituta.
Information:
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer amongst women in the USA and Europe. In Slovenia, it represents no less than 22% of all cancer within the female population. The most vulnerable are women between 55 and 65 years of age.
Original language summary:
V Združenih državah Amerike in Evropi je rak na dojki najpogostejša oblika raka pri ženskah. V Sloveniji predstavlja kar 22 odstotkov vseh rakavih obolenj žensk. Najbolj ogrožena pa je starostna skupina od 55 do 65 let.
Extended description:
<!--if gte mso 10>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
...mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
<!endif-->
Reševanje bolnikov s helikopterjem; reševalni avtomobil na nujni poti - sirena, prevoz bolnika s helikopterjem; izjava dr. Andrej Bručan, predsednik stalne komisije za urgentno medicino Slovenije, pristanek helikopterja, notranjost helikopterja z zdravniško opremo, zunanjost Kliničnega centra.
Information:
Demanding tourists check the situation abroad in detail before travelling, even to the point as to how quickly they can expect medical help to arrive if something unexpected happens. Ljubljana has come closer to European standards in the field of ambulance transportation, with a waiting time of 13 minutes on average. The European average is 2 minutes less.
Original language summary:
Zahtevni gostje temeljito preučijo prav vse kar jih čaka v tujini oziroma državi kamor potujejo. Tudi to kako hitro lahko pričakujejo zdravniško pomoč, če se jim kaj zgodi. V Ljubljani smo se s prevozi z rešilnimi vozili približali evropskim merilom. V povprečju traja 13 minut. 2 minuti več kot evropsko povprečje.
PDF
