The purpose of the article is to investigate and consider the general trends, problems, and prospects of using ontological modeling of learning, training, and education processes in the university. ...The research methodology consists in methods of semantic analysis of the basic concepts of the considered subject area (learning, training, and education processes in the university and intelligent technologies). The article discusses approaches to intellectualization education in the university with the help of modern systems that are based on ontological modeling and intelligent technologies. The scientific novelty of the research is the analysis of the ontological modeling use and intelligent technologies for the intellectualization of learning processes. Conclusions. The article discusses various aspects related to ontological modeling and intelligent technologies. The use of ontological modeling in the intellectualization of the higher educational institutions’ activities makes it possible to move to the individualization of learning processes, to provide students and teachers with access to the ontology of not only a separate course, but also all courses of the educational and professional program in the relevant direction, to involve employers and other stakeholders in improving the educational process.
Bilingual education has become popular in many countries in the last two decades. It is generally acknowledged that learning a second language (L2) through subject content has a positive impact on ...students' L2 learning, but there is less agreement on whether this also applies to learning subject content knowledge in and through L2. This cross-sectional study compared Dutch pre-university mainstream and bilingual education students in grades 7 and 9 on a history knowledge test, taking into consideration the language of instruction and testing. Students were also tested on their motivation to learn and affinity with history, because of the alleged higher motivation bilingual education students bring to the classroom. Multilevel analyses showed that bilingual education students in grade 7 lagged behind in the English part of the test but performed at the same level in the Dutch part. 9th bilingual education graders on the other hand performed significantly better on the knowledge test than 9th mainstream graders in both L2 and L1, thus providing evidence for the non-detrimental effect of bilingual education on the acquisition of subject content knowledge.
The components included in the developing system of knowledge testing that provides automated preparation of tests are considered. The system uses algorithms of the tests autogeneration from ...arbitrary text edumtion materials. The interaction of the system components and software implementation of this interaction by C ++ I Qt and Pongql are presented. The tools used to develop the system are analyzed.
The design of an appropriate method for the selection of medical graduates for residency posts is extremely important, not only for the efficiency of the method itself (accurate identification of ...most competent candidates), but also for its influence on the study and teaching methodologies operating in medical schools. Currently, there is a great variation in the criteria used in different countries and there is no definitively appropriate method. The use of isolated or combined criteria, such as the marks obtained by students in medical schools, their performance in tests of theoretical knowledge and evaluations of clinical competence, or personal interviews, have a limited value for identifying those candidates who will perform better during the residency and later on during independent practice.
To analyse the variability in the methodologies used for the selection of residents employed in different countries, in particular those used in the United Kingdom and USA, where external agencies and medical schools make systematic analyses of curriculum development. The advantages and disadvantages of national or transnational licensing examinations on the process of convergence and harmonization of medical degrees and residency programmes through Europe are discussed. The present analysis is used to design a new and more efficient multi-criteria methodology for resident selection in Spain, which will be published in the next issue of this journal.
Since the multi-criteria methods used in UK and USA appear to be most consistent, these have been employed for designing the new methodology that could be applied in Spain. Although many experts in medical education reject national examinations for awarding medical degrees or ranking candidates for residency posts, it seems that, when appropriately designed, they can be used to verify the level of competence of graduating students without necessarily distorting curriculum implementation or improvement.
University training consists of several activities. One of the main activities is evaluation of its results. Integral part of the assessment is examining studentś knowledge. This process is demanding ...not only from the position of the student, but also of his/her teacher. Verification represents a specific system of diverse methods, forms and means, where the teacher is the decisive factor in their choice. Whether the choice is suitable or not, it is therefore reflected in the quality of the process and it also affects its outcome (which is the student's success or failure). To see the cause of failure or success is a factor that greatly influences the university student's motivation and choice of learning strategies. However, the same process provides the university teacher with feedback of the assessment process. Information that teachers receive may help them to improve their teaching activities. In conclusion we present preferences of causal attributes of studentś success or failure in the process of knowledge testing.
Monitoring and control over the process of studying the distance learning course are based on solving the problem of making out an adequate integral mark to the educatee for mastering entire study ...course, by testing results. It is suggested to use the degree of correspondence between educatee's thesaurus and the study course thesaurus as an integral mark for the degree of mastering the distance learning course. Study course thesaurus is a set of the course objects with relations between them specified. The article considers metrics of the study course thesaurus complexity, made on the basis of the graph theory and the information theory. It is suggested to use the amount of information contained in the study course thesaurus graph as the metrics of the study course thesaurus complexity. Educatee's thesaurus is considered as an object of measuring educational material learned at the semantic level and is assessed on the basis of amount of information contained in its graph, taking into account the factors of learning the thesaurus objects.
Neither the knowledge type tested (semantic or procedural knowledge) nor students’ preference for learning semantic or procedural knowledge has any major impact on the results of mathematic knowledge ...tests. The student's relation to the subject is of more importance. These results were obtained from analysing tests in Discrete Mathematics in terms of the type of task and the student cognitive style (N=151). Psychological memory theory (Cirino, Morris, Morris, 2007) is the theoretical basis for task typology whereas the cognitive style theory applied to teaching mathematics (Rittle-Johnson, Star, 2007) is the theoretical basis for student typology. The analysis was carried out under real learning conditions that make students concerned with test results.
Prepubescent children need to be prepared for puberty in an appropriate manner including all related associations and contexts. Children should learn the required knowledge before its onset—when they ...are in primary school. Knowledge is gained in the process of learning and represents the level of awareness. The cognitive level of knowledge represents the amount and quality of relevant information. Adolescence is a broadly defined stage of life, in which the reproductive capacity culminates and physical growth is completed. In the period of adolescence, psychological and social changes take place along with biological changes. Puberty is a significant element of sexuality education in the global dimension. The objective of the present educational research study is to identify the level of knowledge concerning the definition and significance of puberty among primary school pupils in Croatia and in the context of other selected countries (Czech Republic, Sweden, China, Spain). The data were collected by means of a knowledge achievement test. The content of the nine test items focused on the following: concept of puberty; definition of puberty; puberty age range; knowledge about physical changes in boys and girls; knowledge about other changes that puberty induces; significance of puberty in human life. To identify any statistically significant differences in the pupils’ responses by countries, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used. The results suggest that prepubescents do not have the right knowledge about puberty and do not consider relevant associations and contexts in a comprehensive way. The incomplete knowledge suggests that prepubescents do not think about the significance of puberty in a comprehensive perspective but rather in various combinations of the biological, psychological and social areas.
The paper contains a list of school and student contests in computer science and programming with a brief description, which have been held by Novosibirsk State University (NSU) for the last 20 ...years. The practice of using the automated system NSUts for checking programming tasks in the educational process and in programming contests at various levels is considered.
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