S ubrzanim razvojem i velikim rastom popularnosti video igara, u posljednjih nekoliko godina industrija video igara doživjela je značajan proces globalizacije. Video igre danas su bitan faktor u ...industriji digitalne zabave i privlače mnoge igrače, bez obzira na spol, dob, društveni, politički ili ekonomski status. Ta popularnost i brz razvoj video igara dovode do sve veće potrebe da tvrtke svoje video igre učine dostupnim što većem broju ljudi kako bi se postigao visok povrat financijskih ulaganja. Stoga je očita želja i potreba da se video igre ciljano prilagode svim potencijalnim korisnicima, ma gdje god se oni nalazili. To je iznimno važan čimbenik zadovoljstva igrača, i kao takav vrlo je važan u savladavanju jezične barijere, promociji međunarodnog imidža tvrtke te postizanju dobrih poslovnih rezultata. No, to znači da je video igru potrebno prilagoditi velikom broju jezika, kulturnim razlikama, načinima govora i razmišljanja, a ujedno kako bi se uklonilo sve ono što nije prikladno za ciljano tržište. Jedno od mogućih rješenja za prilagodbu međunarodnom tržištu svakako je lokalizacija, čijom se primjenom nastoje zadovoljiti potrebe svih igrača i tržišta. Video igre, međutim, imaju specifične značajke koje ih razlikuju od ostalih medija, budući da su u središtu interakcija igrača i grafički elementi igre, što je jedinstveno u odnosu na prevođenje romana ili igranog filma. Ovaj rad daje pregled strategija za prilagodbu video igara te karakteristike tijeka prilagodbe, s posebnim osvrtom na pristup lokalizacije kao i probleme i otvorena pitanja u procesu prilagodbe video igara međunarodnom tržištu.
With the rapid development and great growth in popularity of video games, the video game industry has undergone a significant process of globalization in recent years. Video games are an essential factor in the digital entertainment industry today and attract many players, regardless of gender, age, social, political or economic status. This popularity and rapid development of video games is leading to the growing need for companies to make their video games available to as many people as possible in order to achieve a high return on fi nancial investments. Therefore, there is an obvious desire and need for video games to be tailored to all potential users, wherever they are. This is an extremely important factor in player satisfaction, and as such is very important in overcoming the language barrier, promoting the company’s international image and achieving good business results. But this means that the video game needs to be adapted to a large number of languages, cultural diff erences, ways of speaking and thinking, and at the same time to remove everything that is not suitable for the target market. One of the possible solutions for adapting to the international market is certainly localization, the application of which seeks to meet the needs of all players and markets. Video games, however, have specific features that distinguish them from other media, as they focus on player interactions and graphic elements of a game, which is unique compared to translating a novel or film. This paper provides an overview of video game adaptation strategies and the characteristics of the adaptation flow, with special emphasis on the localization approach as well as problems and open issues in the process of adapting video games to the international market.
The article addresses the current status of Lithuanian language technologies and presents the situation of European language equality in the digital environment. It investigates quantitative and ...qualitative indicators revealing language equality in the context of the European Union taking into account the number of speakers, digital language resources and technologies and the support to them, with a special focus on the case of Lithuania. The article intends to outline the work which has already been accomplished in the area of language technologies and identify the gaps and challenges which still need to be addressed in the case of Lithuanian as an official national and EU language. It provides the latest overview of the situation of Lithuanian language technologies through the analysis of digital language resources and tools/services. The results show that though a number of changes have occurred in the past ten years, there is still a shortage of language resources in education and other spheres.
From watching a subtitled TV series to learning the lyrics of a popular song in a foreign language, media act as a mirror reflecting global multilingual realities. And yet, it is not always clear how ...teachers can exploit these multilingual experiences of learners in the foreign language classroom. Introducing a multilingual approach into the teaching of translation can show students how a given translation problem can be resolved in multiple ways in different languages. This contributes to promoting awareness of language diversity and fosters plurilingual competence, as students embark on the task of identifying similarities and differences among languages and recognising the link between languages and cultures. In this article, I present a unit of learning comprised of self-reflective and Multilingual Audiovisual Translation (MAVT) activities that can be used to integrate multilingualism into the foreign language curriculum as well as for teacher training purposes. Such a programme offers teachers several ways to develop both multilingual and plurilingual awareness while encouraging both teachers and students to go beyond their comfort zone as they tackle multilingual translations of texts.
This paper tackles automatic detection of contradictions in Spanish within the news domain. Two pieces of information are classified as compatible, contradictory, or unrelated information. To deal ...with the task, the ES-Contradiction dataset was created. This dataset contains a balanced number of each of the three types of information. The novelty of the research is the fine-grained annotation of the different types of contradictions in the dataset. Presently, four different types of contradictions are covered in the contradiction examples: negation, antonyms, numerical, and structural. However, future work will extend the dataset with all possible types of contradictions. In order to validate the effectiveness of the dataset, a pretrained model is used (BETO), and after performing different experiments, the system is able to detect contradiction with a F1m of 92.47%. Regarding the type of contradictions, the best results are obtained with negation contradiction (F1m = 98%), whereas structural contradictions obtain the lowest results (F1m = 69%) because of the smaller number of structural examples, due to the complexity of generating them. When dealing with a more generalistic dataset such as XNLI, our dataset fails to detect most of the contradictions properly, as the size of both datasets are very different and our dataset only covers four types of contradiction. However, using the classification of the contradictions leads us to conclude that there are highly complex contradictions that will need external knowledge in order to be properly detected and this will avoid the need for them to be previously exposed to the system.
Se presentan los resultados del proyecto para la segmentación en noticias de los informativos de Radio Nacional de España (RNE) llevado a cabo por el Área de Innovación Tecnológica de Radio ...Televisión Española (RTVE) en colaboración con la Dirección de Medios de RNE. El objetivo de este proyecto es aplicar la inteligencia artificial para el cortado automático de las noticias que componen un informativo radiofónico, para su posterior difusión en la web de RTVE y en medios de comunicación social. El proyecto se planificó en dos fases: una primera de configuración y ajuste del sistema, y una segunda de prestación del servicio propiamente dicho. Los criterios de calidad mínimos exigibles se definieron previamente, tanto para la transcripción automática del habla a texto, para la que se estableció una tasa de error por palabra máxima (WER) del 10%, como para la segmentación de noticias, para la que se definió una tasa de precisión superior al 85%. El rendimiento del sistema tanto en la transcripción como en la segmentación se considera suficiente, si bien se espera alcanzar un mayor grado de precisión en el cortado de noticias en los próximos meses. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que, a pesar de ser tecnologías bastante maduras, son necesarios procesos de ajuste y aprendizaje con la intervención humana.
The present investigation is the study of opinion miningtechniques, focused on obtaining information from a public figurein Ecuador, determining signs of polarity for your management ina positive, ...negative or neutral way, a result that will allow saidcharacter public to make decisions about their actions based on animage of service to the community. The extraction of opinions insocial networks and techniques based on Human LanguageTechnologies enabled the interpretation of polarized data byspecifying parameters of relevance to the resulting opinion focusedon decision making, processing that adapts to the newcommunication formats achieving the interpretation andassessment of opinion. Social networks was the platform for thecapture of texts by means of an API, which after the processing ofthe natural language obtained results of indications of thepopularity of the character.
Automatsko strojno prevođenje sve je popularnija istraživačka tema u znanosti i raznim znanstvenim disciplinama, kao što su informacijske i komunikacijske znanosti, računarstvo, računalna lingvistika ...i sl. Razlog tome je prvenstveno to što danas omogućuje nezaobilaznu komunikaciju i brz prijenos informacija između različitih prirodnih jezika. To je posebno bitno za manje govorene jezike poput hrvatskoga, za koji još uvijek ne postoji dovoljan broj softverskih alata i digitalnih resursa potrebnih za razvoj specijaliziranih i kvalitetnih sustava za strojno prevođenje koji bi bili optimizirani za upotrebu u jednom specifičnom području. Sve brži rast količine podataka i sve veća potreba raznih dionika u sektorima industrije, gospodarstvu, znanosti, ali i u svakodnevnom životu ljudi impliciraju motivaciju za sistematiziranim i organiziranim razvojem te naknadnom prilagodbom sustava za automatsko strojno prevođenje za različite jezične parove. Budući da strojni prijevodi nisu savršeni, važno je primijeniti metode za računalno generiranje prijevoda prihvatljive razine kvalitete koja ovisi o samom zadatku i području primjene sustava za strojno provođenje. U ovom radu analiziran je model sustava za automatsko statističko strojno prevođenje, njegove komponente te uloga i značaj pojedinih elemenata unutar modela.
The analysis of discourse and the study of what characterizes it in terms of communicative objectives is essential to most tasks of Natural Language Processing. Consequently, research on textual ...genres as expressions of such objectives presents an opportunity to enhance both automatic techniques and resources. To conduct an investigation of this kind, it is necessary to have a good understanding of what defines and distinguishes each textual genre. This research presents a data-driven approach to discover and analyze patterns in several textual genres with the aim of identifying and quantifying the differences between them, considering how language is employed and meaning expressed in each particular case. To identify and analyze patterns within genres, a set of linguistic features is first defined, extracted and computed by using several Natural Language Processing tools. Specifically, the analysis is performed over a corpora of documents-containing news, tales and reviews-gathered from different sources to ensure an heterogeneous representation. Once the feature dataset has been generated, machine learning techniques are used to ascertain how and to what extent each of the features should be present in a document depending on its genre. The results show that the set of features defined is relevant for characterizing the different genres. Furthermore, the findings allow us to perform a qualitative analysis of such features, so that their usefulness and suitability is corroborated. The results of the research can benefit natural language discourse processing tasks, which are useful both for understanding and generating language.
This project is motivated by the need of defining a platform based on Human Language Technologies capable of intelligently processing textual information, by combining multiple techniques and tools. ...In addition, the way of displaying the obtained results will be adapted to the users needs from an analytical point of view. The scientific progresses of each technology involved, as well as their combination and integration in a single infrastructure, will contribute to the progress of human language technologies, being in turn of valuable use for the current and future society.
Social-Univ 2.0 is a web application that monitors the university digital ecosystem in social networks and, specifically, it focuses on analysing the University of Alicante environment. It uses human ...language technologies to extract meta-data from tweets and represents actors' profiles, as well as their social relations in a time period. This application, in its first version: eases the study of social interactions and its nuances, as well as the analysis of social groups and their behaviour; identifies relevant and influential social actors as well as common topics in groups; and helps to measure impacts from campaigns and events.
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