SUR DES CORRESPONDANCES LEXIQUES ARMÉNO-GRÉCO-BALTES Résumé Dans l'histoire de la linguistique comparative le problème des relations linguistiques génétiques arméno-baltes n'est examiné que grâce à ...l'étude de la place de l'arménien entre les autres langues indo-européennes. Les liens lexiques arméno-baltes sont présentés dans le Grand tableau des correspondances lexiques arméno-indo-européennes, de H. Adjarian, et discutés dans la monographie de G. R. Solta. L'article de J. Greppin qui concerne les relations arméno-baltes dans de différents niveaux linguistiques, contient aussi un aperçu des correspondances lexiques. Le travail actuel vise à présenter à l'attention des baltistes quelques nouvelles comparaisons. 1. arm. tʽi- gr. tctéov ,,pelle, vanneuse, aviron" tandis qu'en prus. pettis ,,pelle", 2. arm. tʽikunkʽ (<tʽi-ak-un-k') ,,arrière, dos", lit. pečiaĩ ,,partie d'en haut du dos, bosse", 3. arm. kapʽarumkʽ - prus. caperne ,,lieu d'inhumation".
U radu se analiziraju crnogorski toponimi izvedeni prema anatomskoj leksici s ciljem utvrđivanja odnosa apelativne riječi i toponima. Utvrđena je veza morfologije ljudskoga tijela s morfologijom ...terena kao izvanjezički kontekst u kojemu se dešava imenovanje. Konstatovan je bogat fond anatomske leksike posvjedočen u različitim tipovima tvorbe u crnogorskoj onomastici. Metodološki osnov ovoga rada autori su potpunili analizom onomastičke građe u kontekstu opštecrnogorskih dijalekatskih i onomastičkih činjenica, zaključujući da su u imenovanju geografskih objekata dominantno korišćeni nazivi spoljnih djelova ljudskoga tijela.
V prispevku so predstavljeni narečni leksemi iz pomenskega polja ‘mlinarstvo’, tj. izrazje za pomen ‘mlin’, ‘mleti’, ‘moka’, ‘otrobi’ in ‘koruza’ ter ‘sirarstvo’: besedje za pomene ‘sir’, ‘skuta’, ...‘sirotka’ in ‘sesiriti se’. Jezikovno gradivo s slovenskega jezikovnega območja (zbrano za Slovenski lingvistični atlas) kaže na veliko narečno raznolikost. Večina narečnih leksemov je slovanskega izvora. Največ prevzetih besed predstavljajo germanizmi (npr. mohant in mohot ‘sir (za mazanje)’, žur oz. žura ali cmer ‘sirotka’), na zahodu (primorska narečja) pa najdemo tudi romanizme (npr. špres ‘skuta’, frmenta, frmentin ali frmenton ‘koruza’, semola, šemole in šemolini ‘otrobi’).
V prispevku so predstavljeni narečni leksemi iz pomenskega polja ‘koruza’: poimenovanja za koruzo, izrazi za ličkanje in ruženje koruze. Jezikovno gradivo s slovenskega jezikovnega območja (zbrano za ...Slovenski lingvistični atlas) kaže na veliko narečno raznolikost. Za koruzo se najpogosteje uporabljajo še leksemi turščica, sirek, frmenta in frmenton, za pomen ‘ličkati’, tj. ‘odstranjevati krovne liste s koruznega storža’, so v gradivu zapisani še izrazi, kot so majiti, slačiti ali kožuhati, za pomen ‘ružiti’, tj. ‘luščiti zrno s koruznega storža’, pa npr. še luščiti, robiti ali robkati.
Słowianie na Krecie w świetle faktów językowych Elwira Kaczyńska; Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak
Jezikoslovni zapiski : zbornik Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša,
12/2019, Letnik:
25, Številka:
2
Journal Article
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Slovani na Kreti v luči jezikovnih dejstev Pandelis Haralambakis v nedavno izdani monografiji (2016) analizira zgodovinska poročila in dokumente o Slovanih na Kreti ter posreduje leksikalne in ...onomastične podatke, ki dokumentirajo sledove davnih slovanskih naselbin na otoku. Avtorja preverjata nekatere raziskovalne hipoteze in podajata sedanje stanje vprašanja prisotnosti Slovanov na Kreti.
V prispevku smo se osredotočili na specializirano leksiko, ki se je pojavila ob terminološkem kvalifikatorju med. v Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika 2.0 (SSKJ2), v Slovenskem medicinskem ...slovarju (SMS) pa njene terminološke vzporednice oz. ustreznega strokovnega izraza ni. SSKJ2 naj bi namreč s terminološkimi kvalifikatorji nakazal področje, na katerem »termin živi« ali »s katerega prehaja v splošno rabo«. Analizirali smo, zakaj je bil delež specializirane leksike (331 gesel) vključen v SSKJ2, čeprav v medicini ni ustaljen.
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">GENERAL CHARACTERISTIC OF AFFINITIVE RELATIONSHIP TERMS IN THE LITHUANIAN ...LANGUAGE
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Summary
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The vocabulary of affinity of the Lithuanian language consists of nearly <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">190 <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">words, comprising <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">50 <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">designates. More than half of the whole number of the affinitive kinship terms designate spouses and various hyponimic concepts. This subgroup of the system of affinitive terms (AT) is characterized by wide range of synonymy and a great stylistic variety.
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">T <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">he core of the old Lithuanian AT system consisted of the terms of the <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2nd <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">degree of kinship <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV;">(šešuras, <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">anyta, <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV;">dieveris, moša, uošvis, uošve, laigonas, svainė <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(AC type), <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV;">marti, žentas <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(CA <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">type) and the words, representing <span lang="RU" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: RU; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">АСА <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">type of the <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3rd <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">degree, that designate the marriage partner of a sibling of the same sex of the marriage partner <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">(jentė <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">"wife of the husband's brother <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">"; svainis ,,husband of the wife's sister"). Other types of the <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3rd <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">degree affinity terms <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">- <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">CCA, CAC, ACC <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">- <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">as well as the concepts of the <span lang="RU" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: RU; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">АСА <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">type designating the marriage partner of the different sex sibling of the marriage partner were not everywhere and not regularly linguistically differentiated; the present names of these concepts are of later origin.
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The semantic development of some AT is to be explained by the replacement of the speaker (the ego) while leaving the same term for the same referent. It should be noted that there is sufficient grounds to speak of the rather strong correlation between the linguistic structure of the AT system in the Lithuanian language an the social organization of the very kinship relations. The linguistic criteria of differentiating kinship concepts have been changing in the course of time. Polysemy with respect to generation has been given up; while within the generation of the ego polysemy has widely expanded. The system of AT of the Lithuanian language is permeated by the process (that became notable already in the epoch of the old literature and has not yet entirely stopped even nowadays) of extinction of the opposition of affinitive terms according to the semantic indication of the ego sex. Two closely interrelated processes are characteristic of the whole development of the Lithuanian AT system: <span lang="LV" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1) <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the tendency of the loss of special, linguistic <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">expression of the concepts of kinship, that has increased the polysemy of some kinship terms and the opposite process <span lang="LV" style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: LV; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2) <span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the tendency of linguistic differentiation of the concepts of kinship, arising in attempt to avoid ambiguity. <span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt;">
V razpravi so obravnavani narečne sistemske lastnosti in besedje iz še neobjavljenega gradiva iz zapuščine Jana Karłowicza, ki jo hrani Zgodovinski arhiv v Vilni v zbirki Vilenskega združenja ...prijateljev znanosti. Arhivsko gradivo je zanimiv vir za raziskave poljskih narečij v Podlasju.
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