The ability of individuals to recognize entrepreneurial opportunities is the decisive factor in their decision to pursue entrepreneurship as a career. Hence, the purpose of this study is to ...investigate the role of locus of control on opportunity recognition (OR) among aspiring entrepreneurs. With a two-wave survey data of 270 aspiring entrepreneurs, our results suggest that internal and external locus of control have positive and negative relationships with aspiring entrepreneurs' OR, respectively. The findings also show that entrepreneurial intention mediates the positive and negative relationships of internal and external locus of control on OR. Entrepreneurial searching self-efficacy (ESSE) provides an interesting moderating effect. The study sheds light on an important but rarely explored research area: OR among aspiring entrepreneurs. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the stability of locus of control (LOC) scores over time using data gathered from tests constructed to be consistent with Rotter's definition of LOC. We ...compared LOC scores of parents (measured prior to the birth of the index child and at 6 and 18 years later) and their offspring (at ages 8 and 16) to explore how stable adult and child LOC was over time and to see how parental LOC was associated with the LOC of the child aged 8 and again at 16. Locus of control was measured using modified versions of adult (ANSIE, Nowicki and Duke, 1974) and child (CNSIE, Nowicki and Strickland, 1973) LOC scales, administered to participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in the United Kingdom. We predicted that: (1) adult scores would be more stable than children's and (2) parents' and children's LOC scores would be related to one another. Analyses of the data found that individual's LOC scores were significantly associated over time, with adult scores (
∼ 0.50) more highly correlated than children's (
∼ 0.20). Correlations suggest more stability for adults than children, but also indicate the occurrence of substantial change across time. Although statistically significant, correlations between family members were small at both childhood and adolescent time points. Additional analyses suggested that mother and father LOC scores were more highly correlated with opposite rather than with same sex children, but again though significant the coefficients were small. We also analyzed the binary outcomes of externality to assess parental contributions to externality in the 8 and 16-year-old children and found correlations were significant, but small. Possible explanations are offered for why the associations between parent and child LOC were not higher. We concluded that researchers need to focus more on clarifying how children's LOC is acquired.
Regret is an important emotion in the context of decision-making and has many implications for individuals. Most of the previous research focused on contexts in which regret is more likely, while ...fewer studies examined for whom bad decisions are more likely to elicit regret. In this article, we examine the effect of one such individual difference – the locus of control – on regret following bad decisions that are either congruent (normal) or incongruent (abnormal) with perceived norms. Across three experiments, all employing different contexts, procedures, types of decisions, sampling frames, and moderator operationalization, we find that people regret more the negative outcomes of decisions that are incongruent (abnormal) than the negative outcomes of decisions that are congruent (normal) to the norms, and this effect is only observed among people high on internal locus of control. Individuals low on internal locus of control tend to regret equally decisions that are congruent (normal) and incongruent (abnormal) with existing norms. Further, the data reveals that this moderated effect is mediated by perceptions of personal responsibility for the decision.
•Regret is higher for decisions that are incongruent (vs. congruent) to the norms.•But this depends on peoples' internal locus of control (ILC)•This effect is observed among higher ILC individuals.•Lower ILC individuals tend to regret equally abnormal and normal decisions.•The effect is mediated by perceptions of responsibility for the decision.
No psychological tools have yet been developed to assess the locus of control that people experience when in the Internet environment. In a first study, we developed the Internet Locus of Control ...(I-LOC) Scale and validated it through a sample of 743 participants. The I-LOC consisted of 18 items revolving around two dimensions, Internal and External I-LOC, and proved to have satisfactory psychometric properties. A second study was conducted on a 219-people sample to externally validate the I-LOC Scale through two Internet-related constructs assessing online self-efficacy, comparing its sensitivity to that of the Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale (LCS). The I-LOC Scale was significantly correlated with both the measures of Internet-related self-efficacy, while the LCS correlations with Internet Self-efficacy Scale (ISS) and Social Network Confidence Scale (SNC) were weaker or non-existent. Thus, I-LOC can be considered as characterized by a higher specificity for the online context with respect to LCS.
Scientific temper is a mindset that welcomes new knowledge and ideas, seeks evidence before judgment, doubts traditional practices and superstitions honestly, and employs reasoning in various ...situations. Even man has acquired all kinds of comforts and sophistication through the headway of science and technology; still, he goes behind superstitions. In this catastrophe, teachers have a significant role in eradicating superstitions. A random sample of 200 student teachers from secondary teacher education institutions of Ernakulam, Kerala, India, was assessed for scientific temper and the nature of their locus of control. The results indicate a significant positive association between the variables.
Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form A.
Methods
The research is a methodological ...instrument validation study, and the study sample consisted of 275 participants. The data collection phase of the study was completed between 15 July and 15 September 2016. The study used data collection tools including a Personal Information Form, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form A, and the Internal‐External Locus of Control Scale. Data on sociodemographic variables are presented as percentages and means. Confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analyses were used.
Results
The Cronbach α values of the subdimensions of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form A were determined as acceptable for the internal control, the chance, and powerful other subscales. The confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable values and acceptable fit for the model fit statistics.
Conclusion
The Turkish version of Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form A was accepted as valid and reliable.
SUMMARY STATEMENT
What is already known about this topic?
The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale is a measurement tool that measures an individual's belief regarding control over their disease or health conditions. The scale consists of three forms: Forms A and B are used to measure the locus of health control in the general population and healthy individuals, while Form C is used in individuals with chronic disease.
Form A is used frequently across the world, and validity and reliability studies have been conducted by many researchers.
Form A is also frequently used in studies in Turkey, but no study could be found regarding its reliability and validity for Turkey.
What this paper adds?
The Turkish version of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Form A was determined to be valid and reliable for people aged between 20 and 69 years old. It can be used to measure the health locus of control of individuals within this age range.
Form A can be used in the measurement of the health locus of control in the 20 to 69 age group in the general population and in patients with physical or mental illness, in patients' relatives, and in healthy people in this age group.
The implications of this paper:
In order to develop successful policies on health‐related issues and conduct successful interventions, the attributions made by individuals about their locus of control, whether internal, governed by chance, or determined by powerful others are important.
Measuring locus of control increases success in planning and implementing of health‐care education for adolescents, university students, those with chronic illnesses, caregivers, rural workers, and elderly people. It is important for nurses to know individuals' health loci of control when caring for patients.
All the research has emphasized that the ability of individuals and groups to attain a stated goal is improved when they believe they have internal control. Further research is needed to clarify how the culture and social structure of different countries affect individuals' health loci of control.
This paper investigates the influence of green self-identity (GSI) and two attributes of locus of control, namely external environmental locus of control (ExLOC) and pro-environmental locus of ...control (PELOC), to predict perceived consumers’ effectiveness (PCE) on green purchase intentions (GPI) using attribution theory. For this study, data from 391 Indian consumers were analyzed using PLS-SEM via SMARTPLS version 3.2.9. Results show that GSI positively influences both ExLOC and PELOC. Furthermore, both aspects of locus of control are significant positive predictors of PCE and have partial mediation roles. The results not only imply comprehensively expound the process of green buying intentions of consumers through self-identity but also addresses the process of attribution. The study applied the Importance Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to compare the relative importance and performance of three antecedents (i.e., ELOC, GSI, and PCE). The finding is of utmost importance for practitioners and public authorities to design more focused strategies to increase GPI among the masses to enhance the sales of green products.
•Attribution theory is used to draw insights towards green purchase intentions.•The data were gathered from 391 Indian consumers.•Green self-identity, locus of control, and perceived consumer's effectiveness predict green purchase intention.•The results show a partial sequential mediation between green self-identity and green purchase intention.
•Consumers believe in shared environmental responsibility of different stakeholders.•Confidence in oneself and others increases Chinese’s environmental behaviors.•Confucianism triggers perceived ...governmental and corporate responsibility.•Perceived responsibility of powerful others differs by GDP per capita.
Many people think that only powerful institutions are effective to combat environmental problems, especially in government-guided countries such as China. This study contrasts people’s beliefs in their own abilities to improve the environment to their perceptions of other powers (e.g. government, corporations, higher powers, and earth-cycles). Previous research explored the impact of internal and external control beliefs on individuals’ pro-environmental behavior mostly separately in developed Western countries. Since China’s cultural and sociopolitical environment significantly differs from that of Western countries, we develop and test an integrated model of environmental locus of control (ELOC) to enlighten possible interactions and simultaneous effects in China. As expected, results indicate that internal ELOC generates positive effects on Chinese people’s behaviors. But contrary to our predictions, external ELOC is positively correlated with internal factors and also positively influences behaviors. The belief in one’s own abilities outperforms the belief in others to translate the confidence into reported behaviors. Nevertheless, Chinese perceive a higher level of governmental and corporate responsibility relative to their own environmental impacts which is driven by Confucian values (i.e. group orientation, belief in hierarchy). Compared to relatively consistent internal ELOC, the perceptions of most external ELOC factors significantly differ among provinces by levels of GDP per capita. Promotional programs should stress the individual’s significance through daily behaviors in specific ways such as green purchase, activism, advocate (e.g. persuasion of friends), and recycling. Communicating the impact of powerful institutions might not necessarily trigger responsibility diffusion, but seems to promote the sense of shared responsibility.
Using core self-evaluation theory, the current study assesses the effect of internal work locus of control and bricolage on social entrepreneurship orientation. We adopted the cross-sectional survey ...design using a sampling frame to engage 400 top executives of social enterprises in mainland China. Three hundred and seventy-two of the executives replied, presenting a response rate of 93%. Results of structural equation modeling analysis show significant positive relationships between internal work locus of control, bricolage, and social entrepreneurship orientation. The positive mediating effect of bricolage on the relationship between internal work locus of control and social entrepreneurship orientation was also found to be true. Consequently, to foster social entrepreneurship orientation, top executives of social enterprises need to gather available resources for bricolage tasks. These findings contribute new knowledge to how internal work locus of control affects social entrepreneurship orientation through the bricolage activity of Chinese social enterprises. Through core self-evaluation theory, we demonstrate the effect of internal work locus of control as a preceding factor in the relationship between bricolage and social entrepreneurship orientation.
PDF
