Going beyond the newspapers,Killer Weedexamines how legal, political, and civil initiatives that have emerged from the media narrative have troubling consequences for a shrinking Canadian civil ...society.
Introduction: In recent years, multiple publications underscored many beneficial properties associated with medical marihuana. Its current applications encompass pain relief, multiple sclerosis, the ...treatment of anxiety disorders, Dravet syndrome and other. It can potentially extent to the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia or in people with diabetic complications. The expansive potential of medical cannabis in the prevention and treatment of many diseases is seen in its complex and multidirectional mechanisms of action. Medical marihuana has impact on cannabinoid receptors, and it exerts effects through many other molecular targets. Aim of the study: This review seeks present mechanisms of action of medical marihuana and explore its potential therapeutic targets. Materials and methods: A comprehensive review of literature available in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases was performed, using the following keywords: "medical marihuana", "medical cannabis", "medical marihuana mechanism of action", "therapeutic targets of medical marihuana", "endocannabinoid system", “medical marihuana in pain treatment”, “medical marihuana amygdala body”, “medical marihuana serotonin receptors”. Conclusions: Medical marihuana emerges as a promising candidate in the treatment of many diseases and common condition. However, further research is imperative to ascertain the effects of the drug and transform it into an effective medication which maximizes benefits and minimalizes side effects.
This book investigates the social construction of the processes of marijuana criminalization and marijuana medicalization. It is the first substantive study on the subject to include a detailed ...historical context in which to situate a new theoretical model for examining the contemporary U.S. drug policy debate.
1. Introduction. 2. The Pharmacology of THC, the Psychoactive Ingredient in Cannabis. 3. The Effects of Cannabis on the Central Nervous System. 4. Medical Uses of Marijuana--Fact or Fantasy?. 5. Is ...Cannabis Safe?. 6. The Recreational Use of Cannabis. 7. What Next?.
The rapid pace of Marijuana legalisation has spurred debate among citizens, cities, states and government. This collection of essays explains the benefits and concerns, the policies and actions, and ...the future of this controversial issue.
El gobierno de la República ha enviado al Congreso Nacional un proyecto de leypara legalizar el uso recreativo de la marihuana. Antes de analizar lo que considerolos aspectos más relevantes de este ...proyecto, es conveniente recordar que el primerdía de marzo del año en curso la Asamblea aprobó el proyecto de ley que permitey regula el uso “medicinal y terapéutico del cannabis y sus derivados y… autoriza laproducción, industrialización y comercialización del cáñamo…y cannabis psicoactivocon fines exclusivamente medicinales y terapéuticos.” (Expediente No. 21.388).
This book provides an academic foundation for further study while also informing clinical mental health practice as well as policy decisions by articulating the connection between marijuana and ...mental health, particularly in the United States.
Public‐ and elite‐level interest concerning recreational marijuana is increasing, thanks in large part to the successful legalization campaigns in four states. Scholars, however, have yet to ...systemically assess how states allocate and manage marijuana‐related dollars. Some states likely prefer “tight” budgetary control, suggesting that remitted marijuana dollars are largely earmarked to specific purposes. Other states might opt for “looser” budgetary mechanisms, giving law makers more freedom in how they spend marijuana revenues. States may also vary in the tax rates applied to marijuana purchases with some states preferring to charge higher rates. Using information drawn from primary sources, we assess which factors are most helpful in accounting for the budgetary innovations related to recreational marijuana revenues.
Related Articles
Lamothe, Scott. 2004. “Across and within State Reinvention of Workplace Drug Testing Legislation.” Politics & Policy 32 (4): 684‐707. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2004.tb00201.x/full
Bernick, Ethan M., and
Nathan Myers. 2012. “Issue Salience, Party Strength, and the Adoption of Health‐Care Expansion Efforts.” Politics & Policy 40 (1): 131‐159. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011.00340.x/full
Adams, Brian E. 2016. “Assessing the Merits of Decentralization: A Framework for Identifying the Causal Mechanisms Influencing Policy Outcomes.” Politics & Policy 44 (5): 820‐849. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12172/full
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Brookings. 2014. “The Nation Continues to Embrace Marijuana Legalization.” November 5. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2014/11/05/the-nation-continues-to-embrace-marijuana-legalization/
C‐Span. 2014. “Ballot Measures on Marijuana.” November 8. https://www.c-span.org/video/?322625-5/washington-journal-john-hudak-ballot-measures-marijuana
Governing States and Localities. 2017. “State Marijuana Laws in 2017 Map.” http://www.governing.com/gov-data/state-marijuana-laws-map-medical-recreational.html
Resumen
El interés público y a nivel élite en la marihuana con fines recreativos está en incremento en gran parte gracias a las campañas exitosas de legalización en cuatro estados. Los académicos, sin embargo, todavía no han evaluado sistemáticamente cómo los estados asignan y gestionan los dólares relacionados con la marihuana. Algunos estados probablemente prefieren un control presupuestal “estrecho,” lo que sugiere que los dólares de la marihuana que ingresan están generalmente pre asignados a propósitos específicos. Otros estados podrían optar por mecanismos presupuestarios más “amplios,” dándole a los legisladores más libertad para utilizar el dinero de la marihuana. Los estados pueden también diferir en qué porcentaje de impuesto se aplica a las compras de marihuana, y algunos estados prefieren cobrar porcentajes más altos. Utilizando información de fuentes primarias, evaluamos qué factores son los que más ayudan a justificar las innovaciones presupuestarias relacionadas a los ingresos de la marihuana con fines recreativos.
摘要
大众和精英阶层对”消遣性大麻”（recreational marijuana）的兴趣日益上涨, 这在很大程度上是因为四个州的大麻合法化运动取得成功。然而, 学者还未系统性地评估这四州如何分配和管理与大麻相关的资金。一些州很可能更喜欢”紧一点的”预算控制, 暗示大麻资金在很大程度上用于特定目的。其余州可能会选择”松一点的”预算机制, 在立法者如何花费大麻收入一事上给与其更多自由。各州也可能在征收大麻购买税上存在差异, 一些州更喜欢征收更高的税率。通过提取主要来源中的信息, 本文评估了哪些因素最能解释与消遣性大麻收入相关的预算创新。
The implications of cannabis use in the onset of early psychosis and the severity of psychotic symptoms have resulted in a proliferation of studies on this issue. However, few have examined the ...effects of cannabis use on the cognitive symptoms of psychosis (i.e., neurocognitive functioning) in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the neurocognitive functioning of cannabis users (CU) and nonusers (NU) with FEP.
Of the 110 studies identified through the systematic review of 6 databases, 7 met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 14 independent samples and 78 effect sizes. The total sample included 304 CU with FEP and 369 NU with FEP. The moderator variables were age at first use, duration of use, percentage of males, and age.
Effect sizes were not significantly different from zero in any neurocognitive domain when users and NU were compared. Part of the variability in effect sizes was explained by the inclusion of the following moderator variables: (1) frequency of cannabis use (β = 0.013, F = 7.56, p = 0.017); (2) first-generation antipsychotics (β = 0.019, F = 34.46, p ≤ 0.001); and (3) country where the study was carried out (β = 0.266, t = 2.06, p = 0.043).
This meta-analysis indicates that cannabis use is not generally associated with neurocognitive functioning in patients with FEP. However, it highlights the deleterious effect of low doses of cannabis in some patients. It also stresses the importance of the type of antipsychotic prescription and cannabis dose as moderator variables in the neurocognitive functioning of CU with FEP.
Cannabis sativa, whose flowers are also known as marijuana or marihuana, is a recreational plant that contains many chemicals that are constantly being studied by scientists around the world. One of ...these substances is cannabidiol (CBD), which has gained widespread popularity on the internet as a cure for mental health problems, leading many people to use CBD to self-treat depression and anxiety. This article presents an exploratory cohort study (
= 90) of a group of people aged 16-69 using CBD to self-heal depression symptoms. The survey included basic sociodemographic questionnaire and validated Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale. And was distributed
the Internet. The results were statistically analyzed. High school degree was the most commonly held education (46%), large city was the most popular place of living (33%) and majority of the respondents have a full-time job (53%). Only 19% of the respondents consult their doctor or pharmacists about taking CBD. On the group of psychiatric patients, only 49% of respondents tell their psychiatrist about using the compound. Psychiatrists should be aware of CBD use in their patients during their daily practice, as CBD use can be found within people from all walks of life, and due to public interest, there is a need for education and research on the efficacy and safety of CBD use for mental disorders.
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