Just War and Christian Traditions introduces readers - lay persons and clergy alike - to classical Christian thinking across denominational lines on the tradition of just war thinking. Representing a ...two-millennia-old conversation in our wider cultural tradition, just war thinking (often going by the misnomer "just war theory") is rooted in biblical texts from the Old and New Testaments, historic Christian thinkers such as Ambrose, Augustine, Aquinas, Luther, Vitoria, Suárez, and Grotius, ethical principles such as the "Golden Rule" and neighbor-love, as well as natural law principles embedded in Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian thought. As such, it is a shared tradition that unites the vast majority of the world's Christians across denominational and theological divides.
Daughter of the Regiment Winn, Melissa A
Military Images,
04/2024, Letnik:
42, Številka:
2
Trade Publication Article
While 19th century social conventions constrained many American women to the homefront or hospitals during the Civil War, French immigrant Marie Tepe would not be obliged. Marie carried a ...gallon-and-a-half keg thrown over her left shoulder from which she distributed whiskey or water. In 1988, the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War found her grave and marked it with a proper military headstone and a ceremony befit-ting the "daughter of the regiment." Melissa collects Civil War photos and ephemera, with an emphasis on Dead Letter Office images and Gen. John A. Rawlins, chief of staff to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. Vignette Episodes of the Civil War
Magyarország 1918 és 1919 közötti történetének bemutatása jól tükrözi a magyar történetírás utolsó száz évének átpolitizáltságát, a korszak és a téma interpretációja mindenkor megfelelt az éppen ...hatalmon lévő politikai kurzus és államberendezkedés igényeinek. Ennek megfelelően az 1945 utáni, marxista-szovjet mintákat követő magyar történetírás alapvetően pozitívan mutatta be a korszakot, annak minden (helytörténeti, hadtörténeti, jogtörténeti és egyéb) aspektusával.
The author of the article deals with three issues. Firstly, he defines the reasons and nature of the changes applied by Sertorius in the treatment of the natives immediately after taking the ...governorship in Spain. Secondly, he presents Sertorius’ efforts to gain the support of the Iberian elite. Thirdly, he points to the reasons for his support among the broad masses of the Iberians.The author determines that Sertorius’ leading a new, often pioneering, policy towards the Iberian people had one main goal: to provide him with the greatest possible support for the Iberians, which in effect was to lead to mass joining of the natives in the ranks of his army. This policy included granting the natives privileges in the form of exemptions from taxes and from the duty of garrisoning military forces, promoting the Iberian elite and even granting them Roman citizenship. Sertorius did not avoid the use of political propaganda, in which he did not differ from other leaders of his time: Sulla, Pompey and Metellus. These measures ensured him immense popularity. As a result, at the height of the war, tens of thousands of soldiers fought in the Marian ranks and controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula.
Confined within the law Wawrzeniuk, Piotr
Baltic worlds,
2024, Letnik:
XVII, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This article analyzes the Polish police narrative on Roma during the interwar time, unveiling attitudes and potential practices. According to the police journals and handbooks, Roma were mobile and ...disposed to theft and deceit. Their tradtitional crafts were merely a smoke screen for illicit activities. As countermeasures, searches for caravans, meticulous checks of identity documents, indicriminate fingerprinting of Roma suspects, among several measures, were recommended. This narrative constituted a part of a larger police professional discourse and is likely to be an indicator of practices on Roma. Polish police followed the contemporary European expertise on Roma produced by the fileds of criminalistics and criminology. As there were no dicriminatory laws targeting Roma in Poland, it appears that police used legislation against begging and vagrancy, among other tactics.
Guardians of the Empire Benjamin James Manuatu
Central Europe (Minneapolis, Minn.),
12/2021, Letnik:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Released by the conquests of Napoleon and stoked by the fires of the 1848 Revolutions, the age of nationalism took Europe by storm in the nineteenth century and lasted well into the twentieth ...century. For those states that enjoyed a more homogenous population, such as the emerging German Empire, nationalism would prove to be a useful tool in mobilizing their citizens and increasing their capabilities for warfare. For the Austrian Empire, which represented more a polyethnic and multilingual conglomerate than a unified state, nationalism would present itself as an existential threat from which the polity could not recover. This article analyzes the Habsburg army and the role it played in maintaining the Austrian Monarchy in the face of nationalist aggression from the 1848 Revolutions to its ultimate end at the climax of the First World War. The army served not only as a physical shield for the Empire but also as a symbol for the unity of all ethnic groups under the command of the Habsburg emperor and held the potential to be a tool of integration and unity for the multiple ethnic groups. Using military and nationalism theories, this article examines the challenges the army was forced to contend with in order to maintain the monarchy and how the language issue plagued combat effectiveness and also served as a hotbed of grievances for the multiple ethnic groups of the Empire.
Askeri Tarih Bülteni’nin İçerik Analizi Şahin, Esra; Başpınar, Adem
Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları / Recent Period Turkish Studies,
12/2021
40
Journal Article
As part of the study of the military history of Dalmatia and the Venetian Republic through several centuries of existence in a common state union, the share of Croats in the Venetian military forces ...has been assessed as extremely significant. Operating as the local (territorial) units, as well as members of professional forces (Fanti oltramarini – infantry; Croati a cavallo, Cavalleria Croati – cavalry), soldiers from Dalmatia made a notable contribution to the preservation of Venetian territorial acquisitions from Veneto (terraferma) to the south of the eastern Adriatic coast. Investigation of this issue is complex and requires an analysis of documents stored in the Archivio di Stato di Venezia and the State Archive in Zadar, as well as other Croatian and international archival institutions and libraries. Following several years of research on this issue, this paper focuses on the role of Spalatans in the Croatian cavalry under the standard of St Mark in the 18th century, and is based on an analysis of sources from the collection of Inquisitori sopra l’amministrazione dei pubblici ruoli in the central Venetian state archives. Based on the said documents, as well as previous historiographical insights, the author focuses on the time frame of the Spalatans’ participation in the abovementioned cavalry unit, the method of their documentation, the duration of military service, the share of members from the same families, personal (physical) features of soldiers, the location of their documentation, and the command staff of the units in which they operated. The presence of Spalatans in Venetian cavalry can been observed throughout the century, while the places of their activity (documentation) reflect the distribution of Venetian acquisitions from the terraferma through Dalmatia and the Bay of Kotor to Greece, also testifying to the mobility of elite Venetian land units. The Spalatan cavalrymen fit into the wider sample of Croatian soldiers in the land forces of the Serenissima at that time in terms of age and personal (physical) features. The lists of soldiers reveal various aspects of the military careers of individual families such as the length of their military service, their career advancement, as well as a number of surnames that we believe can be an interesting source for studying the onomastics of Split during the period in question. The conclusion of the paper is that the Spalatans formed a very notable part of the Croatian cavalry under the standard of St Mark and that the analysis conducted here contributes to the military history of Dalmatia (in this case the city of Split) and the Venetian Republic in the last century of living in a common state.
During the Nazi era, about three million Jews and tens of thousands of Sinti and Roma were deported to ghettos, camps, and extermination centers, where most of them were murdered. In over 20 ...contributions, scholars from different countries examine the deportations through a variety of perspectives and questions, with a special emphasis on the discussion of historical source material.
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