This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers, written by one of the founders of this new field. Using examples from a wide range of languages, it covers all ...the main components of grammar, including phonetics and phonology, morphology and morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics, and shows easy familiarity with approaches ranging from formal grammar to typology, from sociolinguistics to child language acquisition and other relevant aspects of psycholinguistics. The book offers analysis of resilient and vulnerable domains in heritage languages, with a special emphasis on recurrent structural properties that occur across multiple heritage languages. It is explicit about instances where, based on our current knowledge, we are unable to reach a clear decision on a particular claim or analytical point, and therefore provides a much-needed resource for future research.
This paper presents an eyetracking study on language reception in a multilingual society. It focuses on the reading behavior of 23 trilingual participants from South Tyrol, Italy, who speak and ...understand Italian, German and Ladin, the latter a minority language in that area. The eyetracking data show whether all three languages displayed on informational signs are read and processed, and whether processing depends on specific influential factors dependent of the participants or presentation of the language versions. This type of eyetracking application poses several methodological issues which are discussed in the paper. The eyetracking data are triangulated with data from a speech production task and a self-assessment of language skills. The initial results, show that Ladin is preferred over German and Italian in terms of overall fixation duration, that the order of processing follows the marked position top to bottom and left to right, and that participant's language used to describe the processed signs matches that of the language with the most attention per stimulus. Concerning specific language processing strategies initial interpretations are given which must be followed up on.
This article, the first systematic study of this kind at the European level on autochthonous minority languages, investigates the online news agenda and protagonists on major Internet media platforms ...in nine European minority language communities as social instruments that present a specific reality picture to the audience and participate in the construction of an informed public discourse.
The nine European minority languages (located in Northern, Central, and Southern Europe) are Basque, Welsh, Galician, Irish, Breton, Frisian, Sámi, Corsican, and Scottish-Gaelic. The methodology is grounded in the quantitative analysis of a significant sample of online news stories collected in 2018 and the qualitative evidence provided by media directors on the mission and journalism objectives via a survey conducted in 2019 and supplemented in 2021.
The findings elucidate that the news agenda presented to the communities is varied, balanced, community-focused, but limited on international and nation-state reality coverage in most communities. In addition, the news stories reveal a notable presence of ordinary people as news leading persons, but a significantly lessened presence of women. These conclusions are mostly coherent with the answers of the media editors regarding the journalism goals of the news organizations, except in the issue of gender equality.
This investigation examines the variable production of alveolar laterals in Barcelonan Spanish as a case study evidencing the effects of language contact between a majority language, Spanish, and a ...minority language, Catalan. The Catalan‐Spanish speech community constitutes a rather unique case of majority‐minority language contact, particularly within the Spanish‐speaking world, as Catalan, though a minority language in Spain, is characterized by such a high degree of linguistic vitality, linguistic capital, and social prestige in the autonomous region of Catalonia that its status as a minority language is to a degree, questionable. I account for sociophonetic variability in the production of Barcelonan Spanish /l/ by a set of linguistic (phonological context, cognate status) and social factors (gender, age, style, language dominance) that support an analysis of lateral velarization as contact‐induced and situate this case of language contact as a natural or otherwise predictable outcome of this community's sociolinguistic and sociodemographic history, notably concerning changes in immigration patterns, language ideologies, and language use in the last century. Additionally, I highlight how the gradient nature of select sociophonetic variables uniquely conditions nuanced social indexation in the speech community, specifically in the absence of any one singular or discrete, community‐wide acoustic variant.
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Aquesta investigació s'enfoca en la producció variable de les laterals alveolars en el castellà barcelonès, amb l'objectiu de demostrar els efectes del contacte lingüístic entre una llengua majoritària, el castellà, i una llengua minoritària, el català. La comunitat de parlants de català‐castellà exemplifica un cas únic de contacte lingüístic majoritari‐minoritari, especialment dins el món castellà‐parlant, ja que el català, tot i que es una llengua minoritària a Espanya, es caracteritza per un nivell tan alt de vitalitat lingüística, capital lingüístic, i prestigi social dins la comunitat autòctona de Catalunya, que el seu estatus com a llengua minoritària al final no queda tan clar. Justifico la variabilitat sociofonètica de la producció de /l/ en el castellà barcelonès amb un grup de factors lingüístics (context fonològic, estatus de cognat) i socials (sexe, edat, estil, perfil lingüístic) que corrobora un anàlisi de la velarització lateral com a fenomen de contacte lingüístic, així demostrant que els productes lingüístics d'aquest cas de contacte són naturals i a més previsibles a partir de la història sociolingüística i sociodemogràfica de la comunitat, en particular pel que fa a uns canvis de la immigració, les ideologies lingüístiques, i el usos lingüístics del últim segle. A més, destaco com és que la qualitat contínua de certes variables sociofonètiques condiciona els seus vincles socials dins la comunitat de parlants, específicament en l'absència d'una variant acústica discreta o singular de la comunitat.
In Spain, more than 40 % of the population lives in officially bilingual regions in which the minority language is used as a means of instruction at school and university. In addition, the increasing ...importance attached to learning English has led to the proliferation of multilingual school programs in which different languages are used to teach content. With this background in mind, this article analyzes students' motivation to learn Spanish, minority languages (Basque, Catalan, or Galician), and English (as the predominant foreign language). Because the percentage of immigrant students has steadily increased in the last 2 decades, special attention will also be paid to how they react to the multilingualism they have to face in the education system. The review of the literature will critically discuss the impact of global English on motivation to learn the other languages in contact and will examine the adequacy of current research approaches with a view to developing an agenda for needed research.
Wstęp Šatava, Leoš; Mętrak, Maciej Jerzy
Adeptus (Warszawa),
12/2019
14
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
IntroductionIntroduction to the 14th issue of “Adeptus” written by members of the Editorial Team/Editorial Board. WstępWstęp do 14 numeru „Adeptusa” przygotowany przez członków Redakcji i Rady ...Naukowej.
Apprendre une langue dans une communauté linguistique minoritaire peut mener à des difficultés sur le plan de l’acquisition et du maintien de cette langue. Cette recherche-action avait comme buts ...l’amélioration des pratiques pédagogiques utilisées pour l’enseignement du « vocabulaire scolaire » et polyvalent des élèves en contexte minoritaire, et la sensibilisation des équipes-écoles aux enjeux liés à l’enseignement d’une langue minoritaire par le biais d’une formation de développement professionnel (DP) destinée aux conseillers pédagogiques sur une période de six mois, selon une stratégie fondée sur le principe de la formation du formateur. Sept conseillers pédagogiques et quatorze membres du personnel enseignant ont participé. Les participants ont répondu à un questionnaire au début et à la fin de l’étude. Malgré certains défis, la plupart des participants ont déclaré avoir changé leurs pratiques pédagogiques en lien avec l’enseignement direct et explicite du vocabulaire. De plus, ils ont pris part à un processus de prise de conscience envers les enjeux liés à l’enseignement d’une langue minoritaire.
This article reports on a study of primary and secondary school teachers in Basque schools where Basque, Spanish and English are included in the curriculum. Traditionally, the three languages have ...been taught separately and the possible benefits of using the whole linguistic repertoire to establish links between the languages had not been acknowledged. New trends in multilingual education focusing on the whole linguistic repertoire and translanguaging have provided opportunities to change traditional approaches to teaching and to explore the potential advantages of translanguaging. In this study, a group of teachers from different trilingual schools were provided with theoretical and practical information about translanguaging and were asked to implement pedagogical translanguaging in their own class. Teachers were given a guideline for the implementation and were asked to prepare a lesson plan including activities that involved the use of two or more languages for pedagogical purposes. Then, the teachers taking part in this study used translanguaging for at least one lesson, received feedback from their students and reflected on the implementation. The results of this study show that pedagogical translanguaging can provide new opportunities for language learning and language awareness in the context of multilingual education.
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