Despite the preventive measures taken by the WHO, childhood obesity is still on the rise and is expected to increase by 100% between 2020 and 2035. Food marketing continues to permeate children's ...environments in numerous ways and influence the food behaviour of children, thus significantly contributing to the rise of obesity. Studies suggest that the literature on the effects of food marketing on children is complex and multidimensional. To fully understand these effects, a comprehensive and systematic approach is required. Nonetheless, existing reviews have focused only on specific aspects and have not comprehensively covered the literature on food marketing to children. Therefore, this review aims to navigate potential research gaps in the existing literature through a comprehensive examination of the literature by using morphological analysis (MA) methodology, the first time in this domain. Using PRISMA, 202 papers were considered eligible for inclusion and further analysed using MA. The articles were categorised into three dimensions to develop the MA framework: Stimuli (Food well-being), Organism, and Response, and 34 variants. The review has presented future research prospects by identifying at least 218 research gaps. With these findings, researchers can further explore the gaps and develop new research questions that could foster an understanding of the multifarious literature. Moreover, these findings can also provide marketers and practitioners with a better comprehension of the current state of the literature and develop more effective strategies for responsible marketing practices and policies.
•SF-GRAC was prepared, which showed improved mechanical properties compared to recycled aggregate concrete.•Steel fiber can significantly improve the mechanical property of SF-GRAC, especially for ...ductility and toughness.•SF-GRAC reduced about 26% of carbon emission without any mechanical property deterioration compared to OPC concrete.
Steel fiber-reinforced geopolymeric recycled aggregate concrete (SF-GRAC) was proposed as a high-performance green concrete, and the mechanical properties were investigated experimentally to promote the use of SF-GRAC in structural engineering. A series of SF-GRAC specimens were prepared with different contents of steel fibers and recycled aggregates, and compression tests, splitting tensile tests and four-point flexural tests were conducted. Meanwhile, the microstructure was observed through scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the interfacial transition zones (ITZ) between the geopolymeric matrix and the recycled aggregates or steel fibers. The results showed that the compressive, tensile and flexural strength of recycled aggregate concrete obviously increased when the original Portland cement (OPC) was replaced with ground granulated blast furnace slag-fly ash based geopolymer, but the ductility and toughness also decreased. By adding up to 1.5% steel fibers, the compressive, tensile and flexural behavior of SF-GRAC were obviously improved, and more premium than OPC concrete with natural aggregates, which made it eligible for structural application. SF-GRAC with 100% recycled aggregate and 1.5% steel fibers had 38% higher compressive strength, 83% higher tensile strength, and 41% higher flexural strength than OPC concrete with natural aggregates, while the compressive and flexural toughness indexes increased over 160% and 170% respectively. Micro morphological analyses illustrated that the microstructure of geopolymeric matrix was denser and more uniform than OPC matrix, and there was no obvious cracks and pores in the ITZs of geopolymeric matrix-aggregate and geopolymeric matrix-steel fiber, indicating a good bonding behavior. Through data-fitting, a series of regression models were proposed to predict the elastic modulus, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of SF-GRAC, which fit reasonably well with the experimental results. Carbon emission analysis was also conducted on SF-GRAC, which was proven to be a green construction material with over 26% reduction on carbon emission compared to OPC concrete.
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•Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) was reported utilizing AgNO3 as precursor and PVP as stabilizing agent in ethylene glycol.•Effect of concentration ratios of AgNO3 and PVP ...was examined on the morphology and size of AgNPs.•AgNPs were evaluated for their size dependent photocatalytic and antibacterial potential.•Small size AgNPs having high energy band gap exhibited improved photocatalytic potential for degradation of MB dye following pseudo first order kinetics.•AgNPs were found more active against gram-negative strains of bacteria.
Organic dyes present in the effluents of paints, and textile industries are posing major environmental threats. Rapid decomposition of these dyes using non-toxic, renewable and cost-effective silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is a pragmatic strategy. Therefore, in current research work, AgNPs with different size ranges have been prepared following the polyol reduction method by controlled exploitation of substrate/reducing agent molar ratio and pH of reaction media. AgNPs have been characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Absorption peaks ranging from 420 to 465 nm confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bands. The increase in molar ratio and pH led to the blue shift in absorption bands which revealed the size reduction of AgNPs. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallite size (16–21 nm) and Face centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure of AgNPs. EDS was utilized to check the purity of AgNPs. SEM confirmed the spherical morphology of AgNPs with a size range between 70 and 110 nm. The energy band gap was determined using the Tauc plot equation to correlate the catalytic properties of NPs with size. Different-sized AgNPs were utilized as photocatalysts for the degradation of Methylene blue (MB) dye under sunlight irradiation. AgNPs having an average size of 70 nm showed improved photocatalytic potential by 94% degradation of MB in 80 min. The AgNPs were also evaluated for their antibacterial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative strains of bacteria. Small-size AgNPs were found more active against gram-negative strains of bacteria.
Sustainability integration in the processes of managing and delivering projects is essential to ensure the sustainability of the projects and that of the assets created. This research synthesises ...over two decades of published research on sustainability integration in management of construction projects (SIMCP). A three stage research process is used for searching and shortlisting, systematically reviewing, and Morphological Analysis (MA) of 130 selected journal articles. The use of MA here, perhaps the first such attempt in sustainable construction literature, has enabled compact tabular-visual representation of the large body of knowledge on SIMCP by categorising it under 7 dimensions, viz., Motivations, Stakeholder Orientation, Organizational Context, Temporal Orientation, Benefits, Barriers, and Risks, and 31 variants. MA has confirmed significant future research scope and revealed at least 236 specific research gaps. The study has significant implications for practitioners and academicians. While the former can use it to understand the state-of-the-art in SIMCP, the latter can utilize the identified gaps to decide their future lines of academic and intellectual inquiries.
•Morphological Analysis (MA) of literature on sustainability integration in the management of construction projects (SIMCP).•A MA framework consisting of 7 dimensions and 31 variants of SIMCP has been developed from the literature.•The framework provides a compact tabular-visual representation of the state-of-the-art on the subject.•Using the framework at least 236 specific research gaps have been identified for further theory building.
The singular spectrum decomposition (SSD) is an effective signal denoising tool and has been attracted much attention in fault diagnosis. However, the filtering effect and calculation efficiency of ...SSD are seriously affected by the embedding dimension of trajectory matrix. To overcome these disadvantages, the improved SSD (ISSD) is proposed in this paper. A length factor is designed to optimize the construction of trajectory matrix, which considers the fault information in both time-domain and frequency-domain. A series of analysis, including impulse response analysis and multi-components signal decomposition, demonstrate the ISSD lifts the performance of SSD. After that, a new indicator, named singular Gini index, is applied to select the optimal singular spectrum components (SSCs) decomposed by the ISSD. To further supplement the impulses extraction effect of the ISSD, the sparsity operation is improved by combing the morphological analysis to process the vibration and sound signals. The sparsity factor is updated in each iteration and the structure element in morphological analysis is determined adaptively. Benefiting from the virtues of ISSD and sparsity analysis, the fault impulses in the processed signal are more prominent. Finally, according to the information of bearing characteristic frequencies in the spectrum, the fault type of bearing is determined. The reliability and feasibility of the proposed method is identified by analyzing the different simulation and experimental cases.
Introduction We examine how awareness and analysis of morphemes contribute to children's reading comprehension and its development. A multidimensional perspective on reading comprehension posits ...morphological awareness and morphological analysis play distinct roles in reading comprehension. Assuming individual differences in growth in these aspects of morphological processing, their concurrent influences can vary depending on children's reading comprehension abilities, and predictive influences can change as children's reading comprehension abilities improve. Method The current longitudinal study examined the concurrent and predictive influences of awareness and analysis on children's reading comprehension from Grades 1 to 3. Data from 171 public school children, with diverse reading comprehension abilities, were collected across five waves and were analyzed using cross-lagged panel structural equation modeling. Results Results showed concurrent relationships among morphological awareness, analysis, and reading comprehension in Grades 1 and 2, and morphological analysis having a concurrent relationship with reading comprehension at the end of Grade 3. Morphological awareness in all waves but Wave 3, at the end of Grade 2, predicted subsequent reading comprehension. Morphological analysis did not predict subsequent reading comprehension. Discussion Findings support the multidimensional conceptualization of awareness and analysis as distinct morphological processes that play early-wave concurrent and across-wave predictive roles in children's reading comprehension development.
Multiple studies have shown that exposure to moderate water currents (exercise training) can improve growth and physiological performance of hatchery-reared fish. Proactive implementation of ...sustained aerobic swimming training can be particularly beneficial for improving post-release performance of fish in stock enhancement- or ‘ranching’ programs. Black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii is an important species in aquaculture and stock enhancement in the East China Sea. For juveniles of this species, we assess the impacts of exercise training at various flow rates on the morphology, growth performance, swimming ability, body composition and locomotors metabolism. A group of sibling juvenile fish (initial mass: 13.72 ± 0.29 g) underwent daily exercise training for 12 h (9:00–21:00) over 30 days at four different water velocities (0, 1, 2, or 4 body lengths per second, BL/s). All the trained fish exhibited a significant decrease in their respiratory metabolic rate during the test of swimming ability. Fish from the 2 BL/s training group exhibited a significantly increased burst swimming speed compared to the other groups. Fish from 1 BL/s training group showed elevated hexokinase activities in the white muscle and citrate synthase activities in the liver compared to the 0 BL/s group. Citrate synthase activities in the white muscle of fish from the 2 BL/s training group were elevated, along with citrate synthase activities in the liver, as compared to 0 BL/s. The fish in the 4 BL/s training group showed a tendency for increased crude protein content and a corresponding decrease in crude lipid content. Morphological analysis revealed that fish in the 4 BL/s group exhibited larger dorsal fins and more streamlined body profiles, compared to 0 BL/s. Activities of white muscle citrate synthase as well as liver hexokinase activity were higher in the 4 BL/s group, while lactate content activity in the white muscle were lower compared to 0 BL/s. These findings underscore the effectiveness of training at 2 BL/s, offering a promising strategy to enhance the performance of juvenile black seabream for stocking initiatives.
•Exercise training influences the morphology, swimming ability, and metabolic capacity of juvenile Acanthopagrus schlegelii.•A general pattern of exercise training resulting in reduced respiratory rates and faster burst swimming was demonstrated.•In breeding programs for stocking initiatives, a 30-day exercise training regimen at 2 BL/s is recommended.
Management professionals are increasingly adopting hybrid implementation models for applicative R&D projects, specific to dynamic environments, for rapidly adapting to various challenges. In this ...paper, being aware of the inadequacy of traditional management models in today's volatile and innovative socio-economic landscape, we made somehow a literature review and we adapted a method that, based on the use of a morphological analysis matrix, allowed us to prepare, by implementing in the first phase a focus-group pilot, the elaboration of personalized hybrid models, targeting mainly, as an original approach, research – development - innovation (RDI) projects. In the future, we intend to validate the method, through a case study evaluation, aiming to provide professionals with appropriate managerial solutions by developing a guide for selecting the best practices and adopting high-performing hybrid management models.
A new polymer based on nanocomposites was prepared to examine its radiation-shielding properties for potential industrial applications. Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles and flower tungsten oxide ...nanostructures (FL-WO3) was hydrothermal synthesized. The Bi2O3 nanoparticles and WO3 nanostructure formation were confirmed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Bi2O3 nanospheres had an average diameter of approximately 30–68 nm. The WO3 nanostructure and Bi2O3 nanoparticles were incorporated into low density polyethylene (LDPE) to fabricate a nanocomposite. The radiation-shielding performance of different nanocomposites was investigated. The results showed that LDPE loaded with WO3, WO3/Bi2O3, and Bi2O3 displayed higher tensile strength and thermal stability than unloaded LDPE. The results showed that the LDPE loaded with 3% Bi2O3 performed better gamma attenuation at 662, 1173, and 1332 keV. Additionally, WO3, WO3/Bi2O3, and Bi2O3 as ecofriendly additive-reinforced LDPE materials have a gamma-ray-shielding performance. The results indicate that LDPE containing Bi2O3 have higher gamma-ray-shielding properties than other nanocomposites.
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•Synthesis of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles and flower WO3 nanostructures (FL-WO3) by hydrothermal simple method.•Fabrication and characterization of new polyethylene nanocomposites containing Bi2O3 and WO3 as an eco-friendly additive.•Usage of LDPE/WO3/Bi2O3 composite that should be utilized the gamma radiation shielding.
