Background: Metallic nano-oxide has been influenced the environment in the past two decades. Their consequences are dreadfully uncertain. The increased graph of their interference suggested many ...extensive studies in various fields of the environment. The Gossypium hirsutum one of the prime harvest plants in India has been chosen for studying the impacts of metallic nano-oxide on their morphological characters as well as their fresh shoot and root weights.
Methods: Study has been done in July 2020 as a randomized triplet. The need for the study was fulfilled by the four different metallic nano-oxides with their five specific concentrations. The metallic nano-oxides were titanium oxide, silver oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide. The five concentrations 00 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm and 100 ppm were taken from each one of metallic nano-oxide. Result: The zinc oxides treatment gave noteworthy positive growth and development in Gossypium hirsutum from germination to the blossoming time. Conversely, the concentrations of silver oxides were found little toxic for the growth of species. The copper and titanium oxides indicated little diversity in their growth patterns. The germination studies calculated best with titanium oxide treatment. The 80ppm concentration of copper oxide also reported better results at germination in comparison to control.
The Islamic heritage constitutes a very precious treasure in Algeria, especially the places of worship (mosques), which reflect the symbol of this heritage. They are considered important landmarks in ...cities through architectural elements such as the dome and the minaret. Minarets are used by the muezzin to invite people to pray; they were previously built near the mosque or inside it, next to the prayer room. Later, they appeared as angular towers of mausoleums. This research is part of an analytical study of the minarets in Algeria during the medieval period (Bani Hamad, Moravid, Zayyanid, Marinid, and Ottoman) which were selected and then classified according to their various typologies (dimensions, forms, designs, etc.), and evolution over time. The main objectives of this work are to search for the forms that determine the typology of the minarets of each period. It also examines the correlation between dimensions and geometric parameters employed in the design conception of these minarets. The research followed a monographic method that relies on field observation and documentation, while including a thorough reading of history. The results show that the constant form of the vertical section of the minaret, with the same dimensions between the top and bottom, represents two-thirds of the main tower of the minarets. We also conclude that the square shape of the horizontal section of the minaret represents two-thirds of the main tower of the minarets, which expresses the most earthquake-resistant form. These dimensions play a pivotal role in enhancing the minaret's visual allure and architectural equilibrium, in addition to their earthquake resistance virtues.
Dziedzictwo islamskie stanowi bardzo cenny skarb w Algierii, szczególnie miejsca kultu (meczetów), które odzwierciedlają symbol tego dziedzictwa. Są one uważane za ważne punkty orientacyjne w miastach dzięki elementom architektonicznym, takim jak kopuła i minaret. Minarety są używane przez muezzina do wzywania ludzi do modlitwy; pierwotnie były budowane w pobliżu meczetu lub w jego wnętrzu, obok sali modlitewnej. Później pojawiły się jako kątowe wieże mauzoleów. Niniejsze badanie jest częścią analizy minaretów w Algierii w okresie średniowiecza (Bani Hamad, Morawidowie, Zajjanidowie, Marynidzi i Osmanowie), które zostały wybrane, a następnie sklasyfikowane według różnych typologii (wymiary, formy, projekty itp.) oraz ewolucji w czasie. Głównymi celami tej pracy jest poszukiwanie form, które określają typologię minaretów każdego okresu. Zbadano również korelację między wymiarami a parametrami geometrycznymi stosowanymi w koncepcji projektowania tych minaretów. Badanie opierało się na metodzie monograficznej polegającej na obserwacji terenowej i analizie dokumentacji, uwzględniając dokładne czytanie historii. Wyniki pokazują, że stała forma pionowego przekroju minaretu, z tymi samymi wymiarami na górze i na dole, stanowi dwie trzecie głównej wieży minaretów. Wnioskujemy również, że kwadratowy kształt poziomego przekroju minaretu stanowi dwie trzecie głównej wieży minaretów, co stanowi najbardziej odporną formę na trzęsienia ziemi. Te wymiary odgrywają kluczową rolę w zwiększaniu wizualnej atrakcyjności i architektonicznej równowagi minaretu, oprócz ich zalet w zakresie odporności na trzęsienia ziemi.
The singular spectrum decomposition (SSD) is an effective signal denoising tool and has been attracted much attention in fault diagnosis. However, the filtering effect and calculation efficiency of ...SSD are seriously affected by the embedding dimension of trajectory matrix. To overcome these disadvantages, the improved SSD (ISSD) is proposed in this paper. A length factor is designed to optimize the construction of trajectory matrix, which considers the fault information in both time-domain and frequency-domain. A series of analysis, including impulse response analysis and multi-components signal decomposition, demonstrate the ISSD lifts the performance of SSD. After that, a new indicator, named singular Gini index, is applied to select the optimal singular spectrum components (SSCs) decomposed by the ISSD. To further supplement the impulses extraction effect of the ISSD, the sparsity operation is improved by combing the morphological analysis to process the vibration and sound signals. The sparsity factor is updated in each iteration and the structure element in morphological analysis is determined adaptively. Benefiting from the virtues of ISSD and sparsity analysis, the fault impulses in the processed signal are more prominent. Finally, according to the information of bearing characteristic frequencies in the spectrum, the fault type of bearing is determined. The reliability and feasibility of the proposed method is identified by analyzing the different simulation and experimental cases.
Phosphorus recovery has attracted increasing interest due to the potential depletion of phosphorus resources. One promising solution is to recover phosphorus via struvite precipitation from ...wastewater or other waste that is in rich of phosphate. However, product quality control during such process is always challenging due to the variation and complexity of wastewater compositions. For example, subcritical wet oxidation (SCWO) effluent is rich in phosphorus and nitrogen but contains a large amount of acetic acid, while its effect on struvite recovery is hardly known. Therefore, central composite design (CCD), considering pH, acetic acid level, Mg level and Ca level, was used to evaluate the effect of acetic acid on struvite purity, phosphorus removal, morphology and reaction kinetics. The experimental data were statistically analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal components analysis (PCA). The results indicate that pH and Mg level have a significant impact on phosphorus removal (pH: p-value < 0.0001, Mg: p-value < 0.0001) and struvite purity (pH: p-value = 0.0410, Mg: p-value < 0.0001), Ca level only affects the struvite purity (p-value = 0.0333). The presence of acetic acid, within the studied range (8.77–34.53 mM), has a negligible effect on struvite morphology, phosphorus removal and reaction kinetics, but a slightly positive effect on struvite purity. Findings of this research would be beneficial to determine the feasibility of acetic acid-rich wastewater as a phosphorus source for struvite recovery.
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•The effect of acetic acid on phosphorus recovery was investigated.•Interactions between process variables and acetic acid were further explored.•Struvite precipitation is unlikely to be significantly affected by acetic acid.
•The turning function provides a new method for geometric morphometry and a new perspective for the study of pottery morphology.•This study is the first to publish the results of classifying the ...pottery unearthed at the Gansu-Ganguya site.•The method of obtaining pottery model by photogrammetry is introduced in detail.
Geometric morphometry is a method used to analyse the morphological characteristics of research objects and has many applications in biological analysis. With the development of 3D digital technology, geometric morphometry is widely used on 3D models. The pottery samples were obtained from the Ganguya site (1850 and 1500 BCE) in Gansu Province. Three-dimensional models of the pottery were obtained by photogrammetry, and the outline curves of the pottery were extracted. The outline curves were converted into angles by a turning function, and four characteristic indices were extracted according to the features of the angle function curve. Two principal components were extracted, and the samples were divided into three categories by the K-means clustering algorithm. The characteristics and differences of the three categories were analysed. The turning function provides a new method for generating an outline in geometric morphometry and a new perspective for the study of pottery morphology.
In this study, a new series of thiazolo4,5-bquinoxaline derivatives 3–8 were synthesized by treating 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline with thiosemicarbazone and thiourea derivatives under reflux conditions. ...The chemical structure of the newly designed derivatives was conducted using spectroscopic techniques. The insecticidal bioassay of the designed derivatives was evaluated against the 2nd and 4th larvae of S. litura after five days as toxicity agents via median lethal concentration (LC50) and the lethal time values (LT50). The results indicated that all the tested compounds had insecticidal effects against both instar larvae of S. litura with variable values. Among them, thiazolo4,5-bquinoxaline derivative 3 was the most toxic, with LC50 = 261.88 and 433.68 ppm against 2nd and 4th instar larvae, respectively. Moreover, the thiazolo4,5-bquinoxaline derivative 3 required the least time to kill the 50% population (LT50) of 2nd larvae were 20.88, 13.2, and 15.84 hs with 625, 1250, and 2500 ppm, respectively, while for the 4th larval instar were 2.75, 2.08, and 1.76 days with concentrations of 625, 1250, and 2500 ppm, respectively. Larvae's morphological and histological studies for the most active derivative 3 were investigated. According to SEM analysis, the exterior morphology of the cuticle and head capsule was affected. In addition, there were some histological alterations in the cuticle layers and the midgut tissues. Columnar cells began breaking down, and vacuolization occurred in the peritrophic membrane. Moreover, treating 4th S litura larvae hemolymph with compound 3 showed significant changes in biochemical analysis, such as total proteins, GPT, GOT, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and alkaline phosphatase (AlP). Finally, the toxicity prediction of the most active derivative revealed non-corrosive, non-irritant to the eye, non-respiratory toxicity, non-sensitivity to the skin, non-hepatotoxic, and don't have toxicity on minnow toxicity and T. pyriformis indicating a good toxicity profile for human.
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•New thiazolo4,5-bquinoxaline derivatives were efficiently synthesized.•The structures of all obtained products were confirmed by (FT-IR and 1H/13CNMR).•Insecticidal bioassay was evaluated against the 2nd and 4th larvae of S. litura.•SEM analysis and histological studies were conducted to the most active member.•The total proteins, GPT, GOT, AChE, and AlP were evaluated for quinoxaline 3.
Traditional breeding programmes have been limited to the selection and introduction of genotypes with promising agronomic characteristics, but studies focused on genetic diversity in the low hills of ...the North West(NW) Himalayas have not been conducted, which is very important for the identification of potential parents for breeding programmes in guava. In the present study, six best performing guava cultivars/hybrids were characterised using morphological descriptors and SCoT markers. Broad phenotypic variability among the guava cultivars/hybrids was detected using morphological descriptors. A set of 36 SCoT markers were used for polymorphism, out of which 31(86.1%) markers showed polymorphism, indicating high genetic variability in the guava cultivars/hybrids. During the analysis, 291 polymorphic amplicons were obtained, ranging from four to 19, with an average of 9.4 amplicons per primer and average polymorphic information content of 0.47.The UPGMA classified hybrids and cultivars into two groups. Based on morphological and molecular performance, L-49(Sardar) was ranked as the most promising cultivar for the low hills of NW Himalayan conditions. Morphological descriptors along with SCoT markers proved efficient in detecting the levels of genetic variability among the collections maintained in the field. These results can be used as an additional source of exploitation in guava breeding programmes.
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