En el presente trabajo pretendemos ofrecer un análisis de la configuración formal, sintáctica y funcional de un tipo muy concreto de palabras idiomáticas que, hasta donde tenemos noticia, no han sido ...analizadas en estudios hispánicos: los préstamos léxicos procedentes del italiano que sobreviven insertos en locuciones españolas. Para ello, tras delimitar los conceptos de palabra idiomática y préstamo léxico, se aclaran los procedimientos metodológicos para recopilar este tipo de voces en un diccionario general actual como el DLE, y se procede al análisis etimológico, morfológico, sintáctico y funcional de las tres locuciones obtenidas (en berlina, al dente y a ufo). Gracias a estos análisis, podemos observar que las palabras idiomáticas de origen italiano presentes en locuciones en español no han necesitado especial adaptación en español respecto a su morfología. En lo referente a su configuración sintáctica y funcional, podremos comprobar que conforman un grupo muy homogéneo de locuciones, ya que las tres configuran sintagmas preposicionales y que las tres funcionan básicamente como locuciones adverbiales.
Yaghan is the southernmost of the Andean languages that Adelaar and Muysken (2004) systematise by area, from the Chibcha sphere to Tierra del Fuego. The language of the Yaghan, a nomadic canoe ...people, was spoken over a wide territory stretching from the channels and coasts in the south of Tierra del Fuego to Cape Horn. This large area gave rise to numerous toponyms, most of them forgotten today, which are a valuable source of linguistic and cultural information. This work compiles and collates a set of toponyms registered in maps and exploration reports from the 19th century, to which is added a new, unpublished corpus, collected by Martin Gusinde in the framework of his ethnological work with the Yaghan at the beginning of the 20th century. This corpus is registered in a topographical chart that includes almost 400 names in the indigenous language. The theoretical-methodological framework for this study correlates morphological analysis with semantic motivations and proposes a culture-linked lexicological interpretation based on documentary sources.
Plankton communities often consist of cosmopolitan species with an extensive gene flow between populations. Nevertheless, populations of some plankton species are genetically structured, owing to ...various barriers such as ocean currents, hydrological fronts, and continents. Drivers that could explain the genetic structures of most mesopelagic species remain unknown on an ocean-basin scale, and our study aims to analyze the genetic and morphological differences between populations of a cosmopolitan mesopelagic shrimp, Systellaspis debilis, from the Southern and Northern Atlantic Ocean, and the Southwest Indian Ocean. We analyzed the ITS-1 and COI markers of 75 specimens and assessed the genetic integrity and within-species variability of these genes. We also coded 32 morphological characteristics in 73 specimens, analyzed their variability, and assessed the correlation between morphological and genetic characteristics using a Redundancy analysis and Mantel test. Systellaspis debilis was genetically cohesive across the whole Atlantic and Southwest Indian Oceans, which is possibly a result of an intensive gene flow through ecological barriers, the resistance of species to hydrological gradients, a purifying selection of mitochondrial genes, etc. In contrast, we found significant morphological differences between populations from different regions, which mirrors morphological diversification and calls for further genomic approaches in order to understand the basis of these variations and uncover potential local adaptations.
Thirty-four upper Aptian to lower Albian ammonite species from the Miyako Group, northeast Japan are described herein: seven phylloceratids, three lytoceratids, one gaudryceratid, one tetragonitid, ...one oppelid, eight desmoceratids, one cleoniceratid, one hoplitid, three ptychoceratids, four anisoceratids, two douvilleiceratids, and two parahoplitids. Among the described species, Valdedorsella kasei, Diptychoceras iwatense, Protanisoceras (P.) hanaii, and Hypacnthoplites regina are proposed as new species. To date, fifty-five species belonging to 35 genera have been described from the ammonite fauna of the Miyako Group. This ammonite fauna can be subdivided into three ammonite biostratigraphic zones (Hypacanthoplites subcornuerianus Zone, Diadochoceras nodosocostatiforme Zone and Douvilleiceras mammilatum Zone in ascending order), and these zones are defined. These zones can be correlated with the upper Aptian to lower Albian of the European standard zonation. Ammonites of the Miyako Group diversified morphologically with transgression, and expanded the range of their habitation area. This expansion developed by chance at approximately the even level for each taxon. Ammonite biogeography is interpreted to be controlled by oceanic currents of the circum Pacific rim.
AbstractThis paper gives an investigation into the morphological analysis of boron carbide and the mechanical properties of the Jutton-Glass hybrid polymer nanocomposites. As reinforcements, hybrid ...nanoparticles comprising boron carbide and graphene nanoplatelets were used. For laying the composites, the vacuum bagging technique was used with the composition of hybrid nanomaterial taken as 0, 0.25 and 0.5 wt.% of Gr and B4C, and the samples were tested for mechanical properties as per ASTM standards. The samples prepared have been subjected to various tests, and the results are reported. Before the preparation of composites, the polymer was mixed with surface-modified nanomaterial and stability tests were conducted to assess uniform dispersion with the aid of UV spectroscopy, and the outcomes showed that the samples had been exceptionally uniform over some time. It is determined that the mechanical behavior of hybrid composites, which include B4C with Gr, shows better properties than base, B4C, and Gr. However, the multi-layered samples with graphene nanoplatelets also showcased encouraging mechanical properties like hardness and tensile strength.
The method of analyzing data known as Discrete Mathematical Analysis (DMA) incorporates fuzzy mathematics and logic. This paper focuses on applying DMA to study the morphology of time series by ...utilizing the language of fuzzy mathematics. The morphological characteristics of the time series, such as background, slopes, and vertices, are considered fuzzy sets within the domain of its definition. This allows for the use of fuzzy logic in examining the morphology of time series, ultimately leading to the detection of anomalies.
This study addresses the distribution of words in texts at different points of schooling. The first aim was to identify a core vocabulary that accounts for the majority of the words in texts through ...the lens of morphological families. Results showed that 2,451 morphological families, averaging 4.61 members, make up the core vocabulary of school texts. The 11,298 words in the 2,451 morphological families account for 58% of the approximately 19,500 most frequent words in written English. The majority of the morphological families appear by the end of the elementary school period (85%), but a small group of morphological families (15%) is added through the middle to high school period. Analyses of the ranks of words across grade bands indicated that late-appearing words gain in prominence in higher level texts as some elementary-level words become less frequent. The second aim of the study was to determine the degree to which the core vocabulary accounted for the words in an independent but critical set of texts: the exemplar texts identified within the Common Core State Standards. The 2,451 families accounted for 97.1% (grades K and 1) to 89.1% (grade 11 through college) of the total words in texts and 95.6% (grades K and 1) to 74.9% (grade 11 through college) of the unique words in texts. Implications of the findings on the nature and role of the core vocabulary in complex texts are suggested for researchers, curriculum developers, and publishers.
Systematic molecular dynamics studies of ethanol–water mixtures with 20–80mol% ethanol content and of pure ethanol and water, using three different water models and the OPLS-AA ethanol force field ...for ethanol, have been performed in our recent work. The systems displaying the best agreement with the experimental total scattering X-ray structure factors were selected at each composition for further analyses. Morphological characterization of the hydrogen-bonded clusters reveals that 60–95% of their molecules are involved in ring formation. The average number of rings necessary to describe the ring structure in the main, percolating cluster is ~2200 for pure water for the investigated system size. Only 6% of this is found for 80mol% ethanol content, which is increasing with decreasing ethanol concentration to 56% for the 20mol% ethanol–water mixture. In the mixtures rings with 5 molecules, while in pure water, 6-membered rings occur with the highest probability. A few pure ethanol rings exist only above ≥60mol% ethanol concentration, with the most popular ring size of 5 molecules. Pure water rings exist in the whole concentration range, with the most frequent ring size increasing from 4 to 5 molecules with increasing water concentration.
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•There are many but small acyclic side chains attached to the percolating cluster.•It has one ring assembly at low and a few at high ethanol content.•Molecular level inhomogeneities can be found in the ring structure.•In the mixtures rings with 5 molecules occur with the highest probability.
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