Prispevek obravnava osnovne strokovne termine v geografiji naravnih nesreč, s katerimi ne samo poimenujemo pojave, ampak vključujejo tudi teoretske in metodološke temelje stroke. Njihovi pomeni so ...obravnavani z vidika geografije, ki opredeljuje naravne nesreče kot sestavni del pokrajine in iz tega naj bi izhajal tudi geografski pomen teh izrazov. Poenotenje v okviru geografije je še pomembnejše zaradi interdisciplinarnega preučevanja naravnih nesreč, saj obstajajo precejšnje razlike med izrazjem sodelujočih strok.
Koncept varstva pred škodljivim delovanjem voda se sistemsko nanaša na odnos med poplavno nevarnostjo, poplavno ranljivostjo in poplavno ogroženostjo. Doslej je bila pozornost usmerjena predvsem na ...postopke in vsebine, povezane s poplavno nevarnostjo. Pri raziskovalnem delu s partnerji pa obravnavamo tudi poplavno ranljivost in ogroženost, kar omogoča začetek procesov za sistemsko zmanjšanje slednje. V prispevku bo predstavljen osnovni teoretični pristop, ki opredeljuje poplavno ranljivost, in iz tega izhajajočo poplavno ogroženost, oboje v povezavi s poplavno nevarnostjo. Pri tem je ključnega pomena denarno vrednotenje poplavne ogroženosti oziroma pričakovane poplavne škode. Podajamo tudi ugotovitev, da v evidencah, ki so na voljo v Sloveniji, manjka podatek o koti pritličja objekta. V članku bo predstavljen nov koncept opredeljevanja poplavne ogroženosti glede na različne namene: interventno ukrepanje, izbor ukrepov za zmanjšanje poplavne nevarnosti, razvoj individualnih zaščitnih ukrepov idr. Vsi navedeni ukrepi imajo tudi prostorsko dimenzijo, ki jo upoštevamo kot merilo pri umeščanju v prostor. Tako bo posebej poudarjen vidik prostorskega umeščanja obravnave poplavne ogroženosti in njenega zmanjševanja, ki bi moral biti vključen tudi v dokumente, s katerimi se opredeljuje prostorski razvoj nekega območja ; The conceptual framework of flood management addresses the relationship among flood hazard, flood vulnerability and flood risk. Most of the active efforts in the Republic of Slovenia were focused towards flood hazard mapping. In this research, the issue of flood vulnerability and flood hazard is addressed in order to systematically reduce flood hazards. In this article, an advanced theoretical approach is presented, which defines flood vulnerability and (in connection to flood risk) provides information on flood hazards. Based upon this, it is possible to define flood hazards in monetary terms. This approach is setting forward special information that is missing from existing public registries, i.e. benchmark data. The article also presents a new concept of flood hazard definition, which is based upon different uses of flood hazard information: rescue and relief measures, optimization and selection of flood hazard mitigation measures, development of individual flood proofing measures, and other. All the listed measures have their spatial dimension, which is also a subject of positioning into space. In this framework, an information of spatial positioning of existing flood hazard and mitigation measures aiming at the reduction of flood hazard is challenged, especially from the point of view of development of documents that define development of specific area.
This paper explores the problems caused by human impact with settlements and infrastructure in the surface water bodies, especially in potential flood plans. Moreover, the principles and obligations ...of the EU Flood Directive (2007/60/EC), which supplements the Water Frame Directive, are discussed. The principles and obligations of this directive have been introduced in Slovenia by local legislation: Decree on conditions and limitations for constructions and activities on flood risk areas (OG RS, No. 89/2008) and Rules on methodology to define flood risk areas and erosion areas connected to floods and classification of plots into risk classes (OG RS, No. 60/2007). Some features and obligations of state-ofthe-art hydraulic mathematical models for surface water dynamics simulation are described. Several problems encountered in developing the models and simulating problems are described; these involve using temporarily available geodetic data of the river beds and flood plans and some suggestions for improving of the modelling are made.
Slovenia is endangered by floods. Frequent intensive rainfall and heavy rains, a large proportion of mountainous and hilly regions, and numerous populated narrow valley bottoms are the primary ...reasons for this threat. Floods endanger about seventy thousand hectares of lowlands, and torrential flooding endangers a further three thousand hectares. Due to this enormous threat, Slovenia has more than one hundred years of experience in the field of flood prevention, while only more recently has the awareness developed in the European Union that flood prevention is cheaper in the long run than simply dealing with the consequences of floods. This fact is reflected in the increasing number of laws passed to deal with this danger, and for this purpose maps of flood hazard and flood risk are very important and are presented in the book.
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