This study was planned to evaluate the nutrition literacy (NL) levels of randomly selected individuals aged 18-65 years living in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, and to associate the NL with some of their ...sociodemographic characteristics. The data of this cross-sectional study were collected through a face-to-face survey technique. In the survey form created for the study, questions about descriptive characteristics and the Evaluation Instrument of Nutrition Literacy on Adults (EINLA) were included. The study was carried out between 15 September and 1 November 2021 with a total of 1,601 participants. The study was conducted with a total of 1,601 participants. The participants' mean age was 29.40±10.04 years, and as per the Body Mass Index (BMI) classification, 14.7% were underweight, 50% were normal weight, 25.7% were overweight and 9.6% were obese. In this study, the total NL score of the participants was found as adequate in 61.4% of them and borderline in 38.6%. In the BMI classification of the participants, the group with the highest total NL score was found to be individuals with normal BMI (65.6%- p=0.003). As the BMI values of the participants increased, their NL portion knowledge levels decreased (p Med-Science 2023; 12(1.000): 264-70
Background: Toddlers are consuming more energy-dense, nutrient-poor foodstuffs in discordance with international dietary guidelines. Limited data are available on the dietary habits of children in ...Jordan. Objectives: This study aimed primarily at assessing the local validity of the NutricheQ tool in reflecting the nutritional risk status of 12- to 36-month-old toddlers in Jordan. Methods: This national, multicentre, observational validation study analyzed the data of healthy 12- to 36-month-old toddlers who were identified and prospectively enrolled during a routine clinic visit. After providing written informed consent, the parents or legal guardians of toddlers were asked to (a) complete a food intake diary form (FIDF) over three days (two weekdays and one weekend day); and (b) to answer the NutricheQ questionnaire completed by the physician during a single outpatient visit, as part of the case report form (CRF). Results: Out of 213 Jordanian toddlers, 31 (14.6%) were at low nutritional risk; 145 (68.1%) (95% confidential interval (CI): 61.5 - 74.0) were at moderate nutritional risk, and 37 (17.4%) (95% CI: 12.8 - 23.1) were at an increased nutritional risk. The average nutritional intake of the toddlers did not meet the daily intake of the main nutrients recommended across all food categories, with a default daily intake of vitamin A, vitamin D, fiber, and iodine and an excess daily intake of protein and iron. NutricheQ-predicted risk categories significantly correlated with meat intake and the number of weekly servings of fruits and cooked vegetables. Conclusions: NutricheQ is a valid tool to predict nutritional risk among toddlers in Jordan.
This cross-sectional study aims to determine the relationship between chronotype characteristics, dietary habits, and body composition in 110 adults, of which 75.5% are female, residing in Mersin, ...Türkiye. Data collection included a descriptive information form, the Morningness-Eveningness Scale for assessing chronotype, a detailed 24-hour dietary record for evaluating dietary intake, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for accurate anthropometric measurements of body composition. The evening types had higher BMI, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, total fat mass, and lower body water ratio than the morning types. Positive correlations were found between sleep duration and body mass index, total fat mass, and fat percentage. The evening types tended to skip breakfast more frequently and had higher energy intake during dinners and snacks. Additionally, the evening types consumed more lipids, carbohydrates, sodium, and saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These findings suggest that chronotype influences anthropometric measurements, nutritional habits, and meal energy distribution. These findings highlight the importance of considering chronotype characteristics to understand how body composition and dietary patterns interact, underscoring the need for customized interventions to promote healthier lifestyles.
Aging impairs senses, mastication, oral status and function, causing nutritional needs and diet insufficiencies. The present needs of independent older adults suggest that health research and oral ...health care should shift from reductionist disease management to integral and personal treatment plans, including lifestyle, psychological, nutritional and oral health coaching approaches. Dentists and other medical professionals that work in the field of gerodontology should be educated on the macro and micronutrient needs of the elderly and incorporate certain nutritional plans early in the life of their patients with their approval and cooperation, in order to postpone tooth loss and masticatory impairment. Old recipes such as the Mediterranean diet should be kept as a base for all the elderly and be enriched in a customized interpersonal way from the dentist as well as the medical professional according to the specific needs of one's oral and general health status. In this nonsystematic review paper, the basic aspects of the vicious cycle of nutrition and oral health status are discussed and suggestions of major nutrients' influence and needs for independent elders are reported. Based on the scientific data collected, suggestions are made for the food industry for better quality and dosage of foods for this category of individuals. Such strategies can be a whole new area of interest for the food industry in order to obtain better quality of food packaging for the independent OA with accepted texture, odor, colors, macronutrients and micronutrients' consistency and in specific portions.
Background Providing educational content for children and parents can promote healthy nutritional habits. During the TITAN project, a pilot digital contest where participants have to developed ...ready-to-eat meatballs in sauce, using only plant-based ingredients, will be tested. The objective of this study was to develop the lexicon needed to objectively assess the sensory profile of this product. Methods Eight judges were recruited and trained. Thirteen 1-hour sessions took place over three months. The steps followed were the selection of commercial reference, generation of descriptors, training of the panel, validation of the trained panel and product characterisation. The judges chose one commercial reference (using simple hedonic evaluation) to serve as a reference. The accepted intensity scale for the generated descriptors was from 0 (low intensity) to 9 (very intense). To test the first versions of the game, food product developers involved in the project, acted as participants, and used a mix of lentils, quinoa, and oats to enhance the commercial version. R-project software was used to analyse the performance of the panel and the sensory profiles. Results A glossary with 14 descriptors was generated. The discriminatory capacity of the panel was confirmed by examining the significance of the product effect (p < 0.05). The product–judge interaction was not significant (p > 0.05) for most of the evaluated attributes, indicating a good degree of panel agreement. Overall, the panel was considered reproducible after 9 sessions. Although the appearance, firmness, fragility and chewiness were considered similar to the reference, juiciness and taste (understood as meaty flavour) of the new product were deemed improved. Conclusions According to the panel, two of the most appreciated attributes associated with meat analogues, juiciness and taste, were improved compared to the commercial reference. Therefore, the first approach for further development of the contest/game was validated.
: American football is becoming a more and more popular sport in Poland. People practicing this sport have specific nutritional needs. A balanced and rational diet is very important in the process of ...training an athlete. Not only composition of the body, but also the proper diet is important of the results achieved, deciding on the athlete’s success or failure. The aim of the study is to assess the body composition and nutritional behavior of American football players.
: The study was conducted among 46 participants from the American football club ‘Towers Opole’. They were split into 2 groups, senior (n = 31) and junior (n = 15). The following measurements were taken: height, weight, body composition (body fat – BF, fat mass – FM, fat free mass – FFM, muscle mass – MM, total body water – TBW) and body mass index (BMI). An evaluation of nutritional behavior through the author’s questionnaire was also conducted.
: Seniors compared to juniors had – body height (BH): 183.1 cm vs. 174.7 cm (p < 0.01), body weight (BW): 94.5 kg vs. 81.6 kg (p < 0,01), BMI: 28 kg/m
vs. 26.5 kg/m
(ns), BF: 21.9% vs. 20.9% (ns), FM: 20.8 kg vs. 17.6 kg (ns), FFM: 74.9 kg vs. 66 kg (p<0.01), MM: 71.6 kg vs. 62.6 kg (p < 0.01), TBW: 56.6% vs. 57.9% (ns).
The analysis of eating behavior showed that seniors consumed meat and cold cuts every day significantly more often than juniors – 66.7% vs. 28.6% (p < 0.01), they consumed cheeses as well as cream and blue cheese more often – 99.33% vs. 71.43% (p < 0.05), they mainly supplemented liquids with mineral water – 63.33% vs. 14.29% (p > 0.05), and occasionally or not at all with energy drinks – 83.33% vs. 50.00% (p < 0.05).
: Seniors have higher values of somatic variables than juniors. The prevalence of normal eating habits among seniors and juniors is at a similar level, although the group of seniors had more favorable eating habits than the juniors.
Objetivo: Determinar los hábitos de alimentación y actividad física de forma comparada entre niños y niñas, en un estudio longitudinal a seis años y empleando técnicas de calorimetría para valorar el ...nivel de actividad física y poderlo contrastar con la información proporcionada por los cuestionarios clásicos. Método: A lo largo de seis cursos de primaria 155 sujetos (86 niñas y 69 niños) cumplimentaron un cuestionario de actividad física y otro de dieta mediterránea. A 41 sujetos (25 niñas y 16 niños) se les midió anualmente el gasto energético total (GET) y en actividad (GEA) durante 48 horas con un medidor ArmBand®. Resultados: Se registraron GEA de 600 kcal/dia en niñas y 900 kcal/dia en niños (40 y 50 % del GET respectivamente). Dado que ArmBand considera GEA todo el gasto por encima de 2,5 METs, las niñas y niños del estudio tuvieron gastos energéticos por encima de 2,5 METs durante el 40 y 50 % del tiempo respectivamente. Los niños realizan 18.000 pasos diarios y las niñas 14.000. Todo ello representa un nivel medio de actividad que podemos calificar del moderado-alto. Conclusiones: La actividad física medida por calorimetría muestra mejor información que los cuestionarios. El nivel de actividad es claramente mayor en niños que en niñas y se mantiene estable durante los 6 años. La adherencia a la dieta mediterránea puede calificarse de media, necesitando mejoras.
Purpose
This study aims to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the body weight, nutritional habits, physical activity, and food consumption of adults living in Turkey and evaluate the ...effects of changes in these health behaviours on body weight.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with an online questionnaire. Data were collected through social media platforms using the snowball sampling method. A self-reported questionnaire included socio-demographic information, anthropometric data, dietary habits, food consumption, and lifestyle changes. In this study, 4181 people were included. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the variables associated with the increase in body weight.
Results
The findings obtained in this study showed that the bodyweight of 58.5% of the participants increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this increase was the highest (66.3%) among the obese. The rate of those who stated that their physical activity decreased was 69.5%. The foods consumed the most by individuals were homemade desserts (54%), nuts (53.8%) and fresh fruits (52.3%). Those whose serving size increased OR = 4.98 (3.76–6.60), those whose physical activity decreased or increased OR = 2.94 (2.38–3.63) or 2.52 (1.84–3.45), respectively, and those whose number of main meals consumed increased OR = 2.17 (1.72) − 2.75), those with increased consumption of white bread (OR = 1.63 (1.20–2.22) and those with increased consumption of packaged sweet products OR = 1.53 (1.23–1.89) were more likely to gain weight.
Conclusion
The results of this study show that there are significant changes in the body weight, physical activities, and eating habits of the participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to provide and follow-up specific guidance and support services for different groups to protect public health, improve and prevent nutrition-related diseases.
