The purpose of this research is to examine effects of use situations of an open-air cafe on pedestrians' behaviors. An experiment was carried out to observe pedestrians' attentive actions to the cafe ...according to the use situation on the open terrace of the cafe. The results of the experiment are summarized as follows. 1. When the open terrace was used by costomers, pedestrians tended to face the cafe frequently. The more costomers there were, the more remarkable the tendency was. 2. Pedestrians tended to face the cafe more frequently at night than during the day. 3. Male pedestrians tended to face the cafe a little more frequently when the costomers were only men. On the other hand, women pedestrians tended to face the cafe a little less frequently when the costomers were only men. 4. When two men were on the terrace facing the street, pedestrians tended to face the cafe only for a moment. 5. There were some differences between actual attentive actions and psychological evaluations, and a part of the differences were estimated to be associated with interpersonal relationships with sex.
A radiative transfer algorithm in the solar wavelengths for the NOAA POES AVHRR and GOES Imager is proposed for the cloud-free, marine atmosphere. The algorithm combines linearized, single-scattering ...theory with an estimate of bi-directional surface reflectance. Phase functions are parameterized using an aerosol distribution model and the ratio of radiance values measured in channels 1 and 2 of the AVHRR. Retrieved satellite aerosol optical depth is compared to airborne sunphotometer data and derived values from particle size distributions collected during the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (TARFOX) in July 1996. Error in the satellite derived values from the AVHRR originates in error in modeling aerosol size distributions, corresponding phase function parameterization and treatment of specular surface reflectance. Extension of the algorithm to the GOES Imager provided results consistent with the AVHRR.
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