Civic Media Gordon, Eric; Mihailidis, Paul; Levine, Peter ...
2016, 2016-06-10
eBook
Examinations of civic engagement in digital culture--the technologies, designs, and practices that support connection through common purpose in civic, political, and social life.
Natural disasters, the effects of climate change, and political upheavals and war have driven tens of millions of people from their homes and spurred intense debates about how governments and ...nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) should respond with long-term resettlement strategies. Many resettlement efforts have focused primarily on providing infrastructure and have done little to help displaced people and communities rebuild social structure, which has led to resettlement failures throughout the world. So what does it take to transform a resettlement into a successful community? This book offers the first long-term comparative study of social outcomes through a case study of two Honduran resettlements built for survivors of Hurricane Mitch (1998) by two different NGOs. Although residents of each arrived from the same affected neighborhoods and have similar demographics, twelve years later one resettlement wrestles with high crime, low participation, and low social capital, while the other maintains low crime, a high degree of social cohesion, participation, and general social health. Using a multi-method approach of household surveys, interviews, ethnography, and analysis of NGO and community documents, Ryan Alaniz demonstrates that these divergent resettlement trajectories can be traced back to the type and quality of support provided by external organizations and the creation of a healthy, cohesive community culture. His findings offer important lessons and strategies that can be utilized in other places and in future resettlement policy to achieve the most effective and positive results.
This investigation reports a series of four studies leading to the development and validation of a customer value co-creation behavior scale. The scale comprises two dimensions: customer ...participation behavior and customer citizenship behavior, with each dimension having four components. The elements of customer participation behavior include information seeking, information sharing, responsible behavior, and personal interaction, whereas the aspects of customer citizenship behavior are feedback, advocacy, helping, and tolerance. The scale is multidimensional and hierarchical, and it exhibits internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and nomological validity. This study also shows that customer participation behavior and customer citizenship behavior exhibit different patterns of antecedents and consequences.
•Evidence shows that Thai people tend to moderately join social networks.•Thailand is far from being a low-trust society. However, trust is confined to people with specific professional ...status.•Social networks tend to increase both the motivation and capability to participate in public affairs.•Social networks and citizen participation tend to improve the effectiveness of public goods and services provision.
This paper examines the relationships among social capital, citizen participation, and public sector performance in Thailand. The findings indicate that social networks, a core component of social capital, tend to increase the motivation and ability of Thai citizens to participate in public affairs and thereby tend to increase the effectiveness of public goods provision. Provincial and local authorities do not tend to improve public goods and services a great deal as government resources increase. In Thailand, where the accountability of the public sector is often weak, social capital and citizen participation therefore can improve public sector accountability and performance.
"The importance of research on the notion of trust has grown considerably in the social sciences over the last three decades. Much has been said about the decline of political trust in democracies ...and intense debates have occurred about the nature and complexity of the relationship between trust and democracy. Political trust is usually understood as trust towards political institutions (including trust towards political actors that inhabit the institutions), trust between citizens, and to a lesser extent, trust between groups. However, the literature on trust has given no special attention to the issue of trust between minority and majority nations in multinational democracies--countries that are not only multicultural but also constitutional associations containing two or more nations or peoples whose members claim to be self-governing and have the right of self-determination. This volume, part of the work of the Groupe de recherche sur les sociétés plurinationales (GRSP), is a comparative study of trust, distrust, and mistrust in multinational democracies, centring on Canada, Belgium, Spain, and the United Kingdom. It stands out for its particular focus on the dynamics of trust, distrust, and mistrust. Beliefs, attitudes, practices, and relations of trust, distrust, and mistrust are studied as situated, interacting, and coexisting phenomena that change over time and space."--
In this nationwide register-based cohort study, we examined cervical cancer screening participation among immigrants in Denmark by country and region of origin. Furthermore, we assessed whether ...differences in screening participation between immigrants and Danish-born women were explained by sociodemographic or health-related characteristics, and examined predictors of participation among immigrants. Using high-quality registries, we identified women invited for cervical cancer screening during 2008–2009 and retrieved individual-level data on sociodemographic-, health- and immigration-related characteristics. A total of 610,907 women were followed for up to 2.9 years after screening invitation. We estimated the probability of participation using the Aalen-Johansen estimator and the hazard ratios (HRs) of participation using Cox regression. The probability of participation within follow-up was 74.5% (95% CI, 74.4%–74.6%) in Danish-born women; 61.2% (95% CI, 60.4%–62.1%) in Western immigrants; and 61.3% (95% CI, 60.9%–61.8%) in non-Western immigrants. Participation in immigrants varied by region of origin from 44.3% (95% CI, 41.4%–47.4%) in immigrants from North America, New Zealand and Australia to 67.8% (95% CI, 65.4%–70.3%) in immigrants from South- and Central America. Substantial variation was seen between specific countries of origin. Differences in participation between immigrants and Danish-born women were not explained by sociodemographic or health-related characteristics. Predictors of low participation in immigrants included lower income, unemployment, being unmarried, having a history of schizophrenia or other psychoses, and ≤5 years' stay in Denmark. In conclusion, cervical cancer screening participation in immigrants varied by region and country of origin, but all immigrant groups had lower participation than Danish-born women.
•We examined participation in cervical cancer screening among immigrants in Denmark.•Immigrants had lower screening participation than Danish-born women.•This lower participation was not fully explained by sociodemographic differences.•Screening participation in immigrants varied substantially by country of origin.•Short stay in Denmark, low income and unemployment were predictors of low participation.
To investigate associations between chronic health conditions and participation in school and community activities at age 15 years.
Secondary analysis of data from an urban U.S. birth cohort study ...was conducted to investigate associations between chronic health conditions and participation in specific types of school and community activities. Logistic regression was used to adjust for potentially confounding factors.
Over one third of the teens had a chronic health condition. Having a chronic developmental or behavioral health condition (vs. no chronic developmental or behavioral health condition) was associated with lower odds of participation in sports (odds ratio OR, .714; 95% confidence interval CI, .577–.883), volunteer activities (OR, .751; 95% CI, 0.611–.924), and any activities (OR, .690; 95% CI, .516–.921), after adjusting for potential confounders. The associations for having a chronic physical health condition were less consistent.
Chronic developmental or behavioral conditions of teens are negatively associated with school and community participation, particularly sports and volunteering, both of which can substantially enhance their development. Schools can play a role in promoting participation by offering activities designed for students with disabilities that may also include typical students or by referring families to such activities in the community. Clinicians can play a role by educating families about the benefits of extracurricular activities, providing information about laws and regulations requiring schools and other organizations to provide accommodations, and linking families to activities and programs in their community.
E‐participation platforms create spaces and opportunities for participation and collaboration between governments and citizens. This paper aims to investigate the role of power on formal ...e‐participation platforms and digital spaces that are controlled by the governments. Although those types of platforms have been increasing in numerous countries, they have been criticised as often leading to a lack of or decrease in citizen engagement. We propose a relational view that examines how power is related to the use of resources in practice, that is, to resourcing. To explore this issue, we examine citizens' participation on three urban mobility platforms in three major Brazilian cities. Our study makes two main contributions. First, we contribute to the literature on e‐participation by explaining how a relational view of power helps to understand the nature and consequences of citizen participation in public policy‐making. Second, we integrate the concept of resourcing as both a source and constitutive element of relational power. We propose a process‐based model of resourcing as power that opens the black box of resourcing through the identification of three distinct phases in time: resourcing IN, resourcing WITHIN and resourcing OUT.
Research on older people’s civic engagement has increased significantly in the last two decades, as have policy and practice initiatives aimed at promoting civic engagement among older adults. ...However, the growing interest of researchers and policy-makers in older people’s civic engagement has not been mirrored by a parallel effort to define what civic engagement means in later life. To contribute to ongoing debates regarding the definition of civic engagement, this paper aims to examine the extent to which the concept has been defined in the ageing literature (RQ1), the ways in which it has been defined (RQ2), and the activities that have typically been associated with the concept (RQ3). We conducted a scoping review and content analysis of gerontological definitions of the concept of civic engagement and related concepts, such as volunteering and political participation. Our study reveals the diversity of ways in which older people are engaged, with some forms of activity, such as volunteering, more commonly featuring than others, such as informally helping others. A typology of civic activities among older people arose from the analysis of definitions, which permits their hierarchical differentiation and ordering, and thus contributes to a more nuanced and complex understanding of what we mean by being civically engaged in later life.
Utilizing a sample of 286 community-dwelling adults with severe mental disorders (SMDs) in Beijing, this study examined their social and community participation during COVID-19 pandemic. The ...descriptive results showed that adults with SMDs living in the pandemic Beijing mostly engaged in social activities, followed by productive and leisure/recreational activities. More than two-thirds of the participants indicated that their participation was not sufficient. The multivariate analyses revealed that higher social support and self-esteem predicted more participation days, higher social support and independent usage of Health Kit were linked to more participation items, while higher social support and stronger self-stigma were associated with lower perceived participation sufficiency. Thus, community mental health professionals need to provide more tailored interventions to people with SMDs to enhance their participation performance and perceived participation sufficiency during the pandemic era.
PDF
