Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are among the key factors in plasma medicine. They are generated by atmospheric plasmas in biological fluids, living tissues and in a variety of liquids. ...This ability of plasmas to create a delicate mix of RONS in liquids has been used to design remote or indirect treatments for oncological therapy by treating biological fluids by plasmas and putting them in contact with the tumour. Documented effects include selective cancer cell toxicity, even though the exact mechanisms involved are still under investigation. However, the “right” dose for suitable therapeutical activity is crucial and still under debate. The wide variety of plasma sources hampers comparisons. This review focuses on atmospheric pressure plasma jets as the most studied plasma devices in plasma medicine and compiles the conditions employed to generate RONS in relevant liquids and the concentration ranges obtained. The concentrations of H
2
O
2
, NO
2
−
, NO
3
−
and short-lived oxygen species are compared critically to provide a useful overview for the reader.
A compact high-power-density helicon plasma source operating on abundant medium atomic weight gases is under examination for a potential electric propulsion application. A high specific impulse, ...which is easily varied in the range of ~1-2 ks for Ar and ~2-4 ks for N 2 propellant, was achieved. A well- collimated plasma plume with emittance ~10deg is produced in a single-magnet configuration. Analysis of the data obtained using in situ and noninvasive spectral diagnostics indicates almost complete gaseous propellant ionization and thrust efficiency eta T ~ 20% with the lowest net ionization cost of ~(80 V) -1 per ion. Direct weighing has yielded a thrusting force of T ~ 10 mN.
A nonthermal plasma torch has been developed to study the targeted killing of melanoma cells. In this paper, 1205Lu melanoma cells and keratinocytes were exposed to the plasma. These cells were ...transfected with green fluorescent protein in order to establish a system for coculture with primary keratinocytes. Results show that a 10 s treatment with plasma causes a morphological change in the melanoma cells, as observed after 18 h. However, after only 15 min following plasma treatment, a significant killing of melanoma cells was observed, with a much reduced killing of keratinocytes. Nonthermal plasma may serve as an effective tool for future therapeutic cancer treatment.
Bewährtes und Innovatives Probst, Astrid
Procare: Das Forbildungsmagazin Fur Pflegeberufe,
12/2022, Letnik:
27, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
ABCDE-REGEL FÜR STRUKTURIERTE DIAGNOSTIK DER URSACHEN A Anamnese (Anamnesis) B Bakterien (Bacteria) C Klinische Untersuchung (Clinical examination D Durchblutung (Defective vascular system) E Extras ...(Extras) aus Dissemond und KrÖger, 2020, S. 65 Im Rahmen der Therapiebesprechung kann man die entsprechende Wundversorgungsart für den Patienten auswählen. Die Studienlage für Sauerstofftherapie und Wundheilung wurde in einem Positionsdokument der EWMA (European Wound Management Association) im Jahr 2017 beschrieben. “ Behandlung mit kaltem Plasma (cold atmospheric plasma — CAP): Eine neue innovative Therapie ist die lokale Behandlung mit kaltem Plasma.
In this paper, the nonlinear interaction between kinetic instabilities driven by multiple ion beams and magnetized electrons is investigated. Electron diffusion across magnetic field lines is ...enhanced by the coupling of plasma instabilities. A two-dimensional collisionless particle-in-cell simulation is performed accounting for singly and doubly charged ions in a cross-field configuration. Consistent with prior linear kinetic theory analysis and observations from coherent Thomson scattering experiments, the present simulations identify an ion-ion two-stream instability due to multiply charged ions (flowing in the direction parallel to the applied electric field) which coexists with the electron cyclotron drift instability (propagating perpendicular to the applied electric field and parallel to the E×B drift). Small-scale fluctuations due to the coupling of these naturally driven kinetic modes are found to be a mechanism that can enhance cross-field electron transport and contribute to the broadening of the ion velocity distribution functions
ABSTRACT Intermittency of heating in weakly collisional plasma turbulence is an active subject of research, with significant potential impact on understanding of the solar wind, solar corona, and ...astrophysical plasmas. Recent studies suggest a role of vorticity in plasma heating. In magnetohydrodynamics small-scale vorticity is generated near current sheets and this effect persists in kinetic plasma, as demonstrated here with hybrid and fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations. Furthermore, vorticity enhances local kinetic effects, with a generalized resonance condition selecting sign-dependent enhancements or reductions of proton heating and thermal anisotropy. In such plasmas heating is correlated with vorticity and current density, but more strongly with vorticity. These results help explain several prior results that find kinetic effects and energization near to, but not centered on, current sheets. Evidently intermittency in kinetic plasma involves multiple physical quantities, and the associated coherent structures and nonthermal effects are closely related.
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment of living tissues becomes a popular topic in modern plasma physics and in medical sciences. The plasma is capable of bacterial inactivation and noninflammatory ...tissue modification, which makes it an attractive tool for wound healing and the treatment of skin diseases and dental caries. There are still many open issues with regard to the mechanisms of action of the plasma on bacteria and mammalian cells and tissues, both from the biological and the physical perspective. For example, the chemistry of CAP and the exact roles of various plasma constituents in tissue treatment are not yet fully resolved. In this paper, we shall concentrate on the charged species (electrons and ions) in the plasma. The selected physical properties of typical atmospheric plasma sources will be discussed; experiments will be confronted with theoretical considerations, and several biomedical aspects of CAP treatment will be surveyed.
It remains a challenge to generate cold air plasma at atmospheric pressure. In this paper, a room-temperature atmospheric-pressure air plasma plume is generated by a dc power supply. Current-voltage ...measurements show that the discharge actually appears periodically with a frequency of about 25 kHz. The discharge current has a pulsewidth that is less than 100 ns while its peak value reaches about 17 mA. There is no risk of glow-arc transition. The plasma can be touched by a bare hand without any feeling of electrical shock or warmth. The maximum length of the plasma is about 2 cm. The whole device, including the power supply, is less than 1 kg. The preliminary inactivation experiment results show that the plasma can effectively kill Enterococcus faecalis, one of the main types of bacterium causing the failure of root canal treatment.
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