Predicting Election Results using NLTK Kameswari, Kambhampati Kalyana; Raghaveni, J; Shankar, R.Shiva ...
International journal of innovative technology and exploring engineering,
11/2019, Letnik:
9, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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In today’s world, people are usually using social media networks for trying to communicate with other users and for sharing information across the world. The online social networking sites have ...become considerable tools and are providing a common medium for a number of users to communicate with each other. Twitter is the most prominent microblogging website and one among the social networking sites that grow on a daily basis. Social media incorporates an extensive amount of data in the form of tweets, forums, status updates, comments, etc. in an attempt to automatically process and analyze these data, applications can rely on analysis approaches such as sentiment analysis. Twitter sentiment analysis is an application of sentiment analysis on data from Twitter (tweets), to obtain user's opinions and sentiments. Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) is a library based on machine learning methods in python & sentiment analysis tool. Which provides the base for text processing and classification? The research work proposed a machine learning-based classifier to extract the tweets on elections and analyze the opinion of the tweeples (people who use twitter). The tweets can be categorized as positive, negative and neutral towards a particular politician. We classify these processed tweets using a supervised machine learning classification approach. The classifier used to classify the tweets as positive, negative or neutral is Naive Bayes Classifier. The classifier is trained with tweets bearing a distinctive polarity. The percentage of positive and negative tweets is then measured and graphically represented.
Social media influencers have become an indispensable part of social media, informing audiences, especially young ones, about various topics, such as beauty, lifestyle, or food. Recently more ...political influencers have emerged, and regular influencers have increasingly taken positions on political and societally relevant topics, including climate justice and gender equality. Yet, empirical evidence on how both types of influencers are perceived by their audiences and how they might impact young audiences regarding political action is scarce. Hence, the present study set out to investigate adolescents’ and young adults’ use and perception of social media influencers in the context of political information dissemination, opinion formation, and mobilization. With the help of qualitative interviews of young people in Germany (16–22 years), we show that while the mainstream media seems to still be the primary source of political information, influencers focused on politics are increasingly used to make sense of this information. The presumed impact ranges from amplifying the effects of existing opinions to opinion formation and changes in voting intentions based on the assessment provided by the influencer. Regular influencers who talk about political topics occasionally are not perceived as reliable sources of political information.
PurposeThe paper presents a study on whether citizens’ immigration attitudes shape their attitudes towards social welfare in three Nordic countries.Design/methodology/approachThe main analysis was ...performed using linear regression analysis. Data were retrieved from the eighth round of the European Social Survey (2016). The data cover the Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish respondents (N = 5,021).FindingsThe analyses indicate that citizens’ immigration attitudes are associated with their social welfare attitudes. The more positive the attitudes towards immigration are, the more positive the attitudes toward social welfare will be. Further, people in the political Left have more positive attitudes towards social welfare compared to those in the political Right; but, the immigration issue is more divisive of the political Left’s opinion than that of the Right.Research limitations/implicationsPublic opinion research has its limitations because behind an individual’s opinion there are many hidden factors. An individual may also have different opinions depending on the dimensions of the welfare state.Social implicationsIf the immigration issue reduces the support for social welfare among the political Left, it may reduce the legitimacy of the Nordic social policy because the support of the political Left has traditionally been in favour of the universal principles of the welfare state.Originality/valueThe association of the immigration issue and social welfare attitudes has been broadly studied; but, the interaction of the immigration issue and political opinion on social welfare attitudes is less studied.
Studying the reasons for youth political participation, and how young people get involved in political activities is an important issue for both developed and developing countries. Research in this ...area started from general tendencies and then moved to specific country factors. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship, in Russia, between participation in voluntary associations during education and political participation during adulthood. Previously, there was no research in this field for Russia. In the research non-parametric tests for K independent samples, descriptive statistics, logistical regression, and factor analysis were applied. The main data source is the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. The key result is that involvement in voluntary associations during education, especially in political ones, positively affects future youth political participation. Education and income also have positive effects. Russia is generally similar to other countries, including developed, developing, and post-soviet ones. In post-soviet countries, the key interdependencies are similar to Russia, but not so clearly expressed. In Russia, employed young people vote with less probability than unemployed ones, whereas in Belarus we see the opposite.
Taiwan has been one of the most successful East Asian countries in transitioning from authoritarian rule to liberal democracy. Using a wide range of survey data, this paper examines the process of ...democratic consolidation in Taiwan from 1996 to 2012, and benchmarks the country’s progress with other East Asian democracies, third wave democracies, and established democracies. The results show that positive regime evaluations have been generally stable since the mid-1990s, although efficacy is slightly lower than is found elsewhere. Party attachments among the mass public have increased incrementally, against the international trends. The level of polarization within the party system has remained consistently low by international standards. Overall, the results confirm that the process of democratic consolidation in Taiwan is close to completion.
Des blogs et forums aux pages Facebook et comptes Twitter, le récent déluge des données numériques du web a fortement affecté la recherche en sciences sociales. Cette nouvelle catégorie ...d’information, utile à l’extraction des opinions politiques, se présente comme une alternative aux techniques traditionnelles telles que les sondages. Premièrement, en réalisant un état de l’art des études de l’opinion s’appuyant sur les données Twitter, cet article vise à mettre en relation les méthodes d’analyse utilisées dans ces études et les définitions de l’opinion politique qui y sont suggérées. Deuxièmement, cet article étudie la faisabilité de réaliser des analyses multi-échelles en sciences sociales concernant l’étude de l’opinion politique en exposant les mérites de plusieurs méthodes, allant des méthodes orientées contenus aux méthodes orientées interactions, de l’analyse statistique à l’analyse sémantique, des approches supervisées aux approches non supervisées. Le résultat de notre démarche est ainsi d’identifier les tendances futures de la recherche en sciences sociales concernant l’étude de l’opinion politique.
Social research on public opinion has been affected by the recent deluge of new digital data on the Web, from blogs and forums to Facebook pages and Twitter accounts. This fresh type of information useful for mining opinions is emerging as an alternative to traditional techniques, such as opinion polls. Firstly, by building the state of the art of studies of political opinion based on Twitter data, this paper aims at identifying the relationship between the chosen data analysis method and the definition of political opinion implied in these studies. Secondly, it aims at investigating the feasibility of performing multiscale analysis in digital social research on political opinion by addressing the merits of several methodological techniques, from content-based to interactionbased methods, from statistical to semantic analysis, from supervised to unsupervised approaches. The end result of such an approach is to identify future trends in social science research on political opinion.
Blogs und Foren, Facebook und Twitter: die Flut digitaler Webdaten hat die sozialwissenschaftliche Meinungsforschung verändert. Für das Studium politischer Meinungen bietet sich die Analyse dieser neuartigen Daten als Alternative zu traditionellen Techniken, die häufig auf Umfragedaten basieren, an. Durch die Erfassung des gegenwärtigen Foschungsstandes der Twitter-basierten Meinungsanalyse soll in diesem Artikel die Beziehung zwischen der verwendeten Analysemethode und der durch diese nahegelegten Definition von „politischer Meinung“ beleuchtet werden. Weiterhin untersucht der Artikel die Machbarkeit einer Multiskalenanalyse in der Erforschung politischer Meinungen, indem er die Verdienste mehrerer Methoden herausstellt, von inhalts – zu interaktionsbezogenen Methoden, von statistischer zur semantischer Analyse, von überwachten zu nicht-überwachten Ansätzen. Ein Ergebnis dieser Bestandsaufnahme ist die Identifikation vielversprechender Forschungsentwicklungen im Bereich der sozialwissenschaftlichen Erforschung politischer Meinungen.
Desde los blogs y foros hasta las páginas de Facebook y Twitter, el diluvio reciente de datos digitales de la Web ha afectado fuertemente la investigación en ciencias sociales. Esta nueva categoría de información, útil para la extracción de las opiniones políticas, aparece como una alternativa a las técnicas tradicionales como las encuestas de opinión. Primero, a través de un estudio del arte de las encuestas de opinión basadas en datos de Twitter, se pretende en este artículo relacionar los métodos de análisis empleados en dichos estudios con las definiciones de la opinión política que en ellas se sugieren. Por otra parte, estudiamos en este artículo hasta qué punto se pueden realizar análisis de distintas escalas en ciencias sociales, en relación al estudio de la opinión política, exponiendo los méritos de varios métodos; desde los métodos basados en contenidos hasta aquellos basados en interacciones, desde el análisis estadístico hasta el análisis semántico, y desde métodos supervisados hasta los no supervisados. Nuestra investigación permite así identificar futuras tendencias en la investigación científica de la opinión política.
Women continue to face challenges in having their asylum claims recognized under the Refugee Convention. This is to a significant extent due to the ways in which the Convention is applied to women’s ...claims and is particularly the case in gender-based persecution claims. While there have been important advances in the field of gender and refugee law, contributing to an improved understanding of the relevance of gender within international refugee law, there remains a need for more gender-sensitive interpretations of the Convention. This article critiques the ways in which the political opinion ground of the Refugee Convention has been applied to some women’s forced marriage claims in the United Kingdom. Women’s gender-based persecution claims are often categorized under the membership of a particular social group ground and the political opinion ground remains an underused and narrowly interpreted category. Drawing on feminist critiques, it is argued that this demonstrates an underlying gendered politics, and that the political opinion ground can indeed be relevant to women’s asylum claims involving forced marriage. Women’s resistance to their gendered oppression in the form of forced marriage should be seen as a valid expression of their political opinion and agency.
This study offers a content analysis of Twitter activity by 16 American political opinion magazines during the month before the 2012 presidential election. The study attempts to operationalize ...aspects of tweets that may contribute to frame alignment processes and mobilization among Twitter users. The analysis identifies these components and examines how political magazines' Twitter activity may demonstrate aspects of this process. These magazines must consider both the normative goal of achieving specific political gains by mobilizing readers and the pragmatic goal of remaining sustainable as publishing enterprises. The degree to which their Twitter usage reflects frame alignment processes may not only reinforce political mobilization, but also affect the longevity of their publications. This analysis offers practical and theoretical insights into the changing role of political magazines in an increasingly digital era of political engagement.
The goal of this article is to explore the discursive construction of social citizenship of various labor market actors during crisis. Using the newspaper data from nine countries we conduct a ...quantitative and qualitative study of the rights and duties attributed to employees, employers, and outsiders in the labor market. We find that the attribution of rights to all groups prevails and the most frequent are the claims supporting employees’ rights. In a context of crisis severity, we find three distinct groups of discourse on rights and duties in the labor market sphere. A severe crisis created conditions for labor organizations to claim the rights of employees. A moderate crisis created the ground for the state to (re)call the rights of the outsiders. In countries in which crisis was present in the discourse, rather than in real terms, a window of opportunity emerged for markets and employers to claim their freedoms and rights.
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El objetivo de este estudio es explorar la construcción discursiva de la ciudadanía social de distintos actores del mercado laboral durante la crisis. Usando datos de periódicos de nueve países realizamos un estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo de los derechos y obligaciones atribuidos a empleados, empleadores y ajenos al mercado laboral. Encontramos que prevalece la atribución de derechos a todos los grupos y las más frecuentes son las declaraciones de apoyo a los derechos laborales. En el contexto de la severidad de la crisis, encontramos tres distintos grupos de discurso sobre los derechos y obligaciones en la esfera del mercado laboral. Una crisis severa crea condiciones para que los sindicatos laborales demanden derechos para los empleados. Una crisis moderada sienta las bases para que el estado pueda modificar los derechos de actores ajenos al mercado laboral. En los países en los que la crisis estuvo presente en el discurso y no en términos reales, surgió una oportunidad para que los mercados y empleadores reclamen sus derechos y libertades
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