Voltaire produced his works within the literary-historical period of Classicism and Enlightenment, in which the prevalent role of literature was educational. The period also dictated what genre, ...theme, style and structure authors should follow. However, more and more changes of literary genres appear, and the process of stratification of literature into high and trivial takes place. The aim of this paper is to describe the polarization of two mutually different processes involved in the literary shaping of Voltaire's philosophical narrative
. In Voltaire's narrative, the popularization of philosophy, in order to simplify and illuminate the philosophical writings of G. W. Leibniz, results in the changes of style and content that become understandable to the general readership since they work within the scheme of an adventure novel. In this process, trivialization does not affect only the genre, but is also present in other parts of literary analysis and interpretation such as the theme, motifs, structure, characterization, narrative techniques, stylistic features, and so on.
No matter where we are in the revolution versus evolution debate, digitality has undoubtedly brought about radical changes of practices and genres. Today digital genres born in the Internet age as ...New Media resources (science news reports or science blogs) compete with a traditional print-based genre of a research article. Although few works have synthesized the interaction of these “old” and “newly-born” genres, the Open Science digitality context has not received considerable treatment in genre scholarship, and little attention has been given to such features of scientific genres as multimodality, interdiscursivity, participatory culture. Thus, the relevance is in the reconceptualization of the Open Science practices and classifying the Internet-born genres of science communication. The qualitative method of discourse analysis is used in the lens of the social semiotic and the social genre theory proposed by the New Rhetoric School. As a result, four groups are suggested: research genres, promotional genres, trans-scientific genres, presentational genres. As a result of the analysis, we have come to the following conclusions. First, hybridization penetrates all the discourse and language levels: written discourse is combined with oral discourse, scientific style – with spoken style, scientific discourse – with journalism. Second, multimodality competes with the writing-based space, thus getting the potential of a meaning-making tool. As a result, the concept “science” has been reconsidered; science has become not only the professional community property but an active area of engagement with other fields and audiences in the process of science popularization. Digitality serves more than a medium and genres are not only recontextualized but gained more complexity.
This article aims to present an overview of the experiments contained in Samuel Parkes’ book, Chemical Catechism. In a context of great interest towards science in Britain, many popular chemistry ...books were published in the early 19th century. Among them, Chemical Catechism was a highly successful work, receiving several editions and translations into other languages. Its chemical content is presented in the form of short questions and answers, complemented by extensive footnotes that serve various purposes. One of these purposes was to guide the tutor in conducting demonstrations and experiments for the pupils, and to convince them of the practical nature of science. The experiments could have sensory, scientific, or industrial appeal, or could be integrated into discussions about theoretical aspects of chemistry. Analysis of the experiments reveals some of Parkes’ conceptions about chemistry and its popularization. Once the pupils’ attention had been captured by the experiments with great sensory appeal, the presentation of theoretical explanations would lead to an understanding of how chemists work and how chemistry could be useful for personal prosperity and the benefit of the nation.
ABSTRACT
The Núcleo de Estudos em Microbiologia Agrícola (NEMA) is an academic-scientific group created by graduate students in the Post Graduate in Agricultural Microbiology in the Department of ...Microbiology at Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. NEMA's purposes include promoting and sharing research and knowledge on microbiology in different fields of application. Here, we will comment on our experience in organizing the Summer School on Microbiology and teaching microbiology to undergraduate students during the program. NEMA offers this annual event to disseminate and stimulate knowledge about microbiology for undergraduate students in a participatory, collaborative and interactive way.
The summer school on microbiology offered the opportunity for an academic-scientific group to share the mainstream methods and techniques used in microbiological research to undergraduate students.
Visualizing multivariate data can be challenging, especially for the general public. The difficulties extend beyond determining how to present the data; they also involve comprehension. Early ...literature has identified various methods, including Chernoff’s face, but these methods often have significant drawbacks, making them challenging to interpret. Subsequently, other techniques, such as scatterplots, parallel coordinate plots, and dynamic graphics, have been introduced. However, many of these methods can be intricate to create and interpret, particularly when visualizing high-dimensional data. Additionally, simultaneously representing discrete aspects (including “space”) and continuous aspects (including “time”) presents another challenge. This study proposes a novel approach named the “Δ table” (delta table), which transforms space–time multivariate data consisting of discrete and continuous variables into a tabular format. The Δ table is believed to be more user-friendly for the general public, which is its most significant advantage compared to previous methods. Finally, we used a case study of the decoupling of the world’s developed, newly industrialized, and developing economies in recent decades as an example of an attempt to apply the Δ table.
3MT (Three-minute thesis) presentations, in which students communicate their theses to non-specialist audiences within three minutes, have emerged as an important academic genre, echoing current ...practices in scientific communication where researchers report their research work to a heterogeneous audience. Although increasing attention has been paid to 3MT presentations, we still lack sufficient knowledge of how presenters should communicate disciplinary knowledge to a wide audience. To address this gap, this corpus-based study investigates the rhetorical organization of moves (i.e. discoursal units serving various coherent communicative functions in text) in 80 3MT presentations from six disciplines. It is found that orientation, rationale, purpose, methods and results are five obligatory moves, among which the results move comprises more than one-fifth of the total length. The rationale and results moves are more often applied in hard sciences than in soft knowledge fields. The findings shed light on advanced academic literacy and how students communicate disciplinary knowledge to a wide audience.
This special issue brings selected papers from an international conference which brought a group of approximately 30 Science Technology and Society and Popularization of Science experts from nine ...South Asian and Southeast Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and Thailand), plus the United States. They discussed how best to enhance public awareness about the role of women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). These papers show how to develop strategies for increasing the participation of women in STEM, both as STEM professionals and as informed and engaged, lifelong participants in a STEM-rich world.
