Powerlifting competition is comprised of three barbell lifts: squat, bench press, and deadlift that are all completed in a single day and summed together, ultimately normalized to the lifter’s body ...weight via the Wilks Coefficient. This figure is then subsequently employed to determine the “best” athlete in that meet. During the competition preparation, powerlifters often undergo peaking protocols which include physiologically taxing overreach and low-volume, recovery-focused taper phases to collectively induce super-compensatory strength adaptations. Heart rate variability (HRV) has emerged as an easily accessible, user-friendly biomarker for autonomic nervous system-associated fatigue and readiness. Therefore, the purpose of this observational study was to investigate the potential impact of a peaking protocol on fatigue/readiness via HRV measurements and its possible relationship with competitive powerlifting performance. Daily measurements of HRV were taken, each morning, using the HRV4Trainning smartphone application by nineteen competitive powerlifters (26.16±4.56 years) from 14-days prior to a peaking protocol, throughout individual peaking phases, on meet day, and 14-days following competition. A quadratic regression was used to determine the predictability of HRV measurements and powerlifting performance. The change in HRV from competition day to baseline was found to be a significant predictor of Wilks coefficient (p=0.038,
Bicipitalis tendinitis is an inflammation of the biceps tendon, which is the connective tissue between the biceps muscle and the humerus bone. This inflammation can cause pain, swelling and limited ...movement. The prevalence of bicipital tendinitis in Indonesia in 2023 is estimated at 2.5% of the general population. the prevalence of bicipital tendinitis in adults aged 18-65 years is 2.5% that athletes who use the bicep muscle more often, such as weightlifters, have a higher risk of suffering from bicipital tendinitis. If left untreated, it will hamper exercise and daily activities.The sample in this study amounted to 1 client. Data collection methods by means of subjective examination, objective examination, motion examination, examination of cognitive abilities, personal and interpersonal skills, functional examination and activity environment, and specific examination. This type of descriptive case study research uses participatory observation methods, physiotherapy intervention procedures with Ultrasound, TENS and Hold Relax exercise. The subject in this study was An. Sh is a 33 year old para-powerlifting athlete by profession, the patient is 177 cm tall and weighs 70 kg. The patient came to the NPC Indonesia physiotherapy clinic on August 25, 2023 because the patient complained of pain in the right front shoulder. muscle examination obtained normal results in all physical examinations except for the pain examination performed with Visual Analoque Scale (VAS) obtained silent pain 2/10, tenderness 5/10 and motion pain 6/10. The physiotherapist conducted a specific examination obtained positive Yergason Test results and a positive Speeds Test indicating the occurrence of dextra Bicipitalis Tendinitis. The results after being given intervention in Bicipitalis Tendinitis patients with Ultrasound, TENS and Hold Relax exercise for 6 times therapy in 2 weeks are a significant decrease in pain and an increase in activity.
We analyzed the retrospective performance of para powerlifters over 8 yrs considering sex, the origin of impairment, and sport classification of para powerlifting.
This retrospective study analyzed ...data from 6791 (4613 and 2178 for male and female, respectively) individual results from 1634 athletes' performances. We collected absolute load (in kilograms), relative load (in kilogram/body mass), chronological age and origin of impairment (acquired or congenital), and sport classification (leg length difference, limb deficiency, range of movement, impaired muscle power, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, and short stature of para powerlifters.
Males were stronger than females thorough the years with acquired impairment being stronger than congenital impairment. Para powerlifters with acquired impairment were older compared with congenital impairment over the years. Acquired impairment males won 60% more medals than the congenital group. There was a significant association between competition achievement and sports class classification, with a higher number of medals for limb deficiency than other sports classes.
These results demonstrate that the sex, origin of impairment, and sports classification influence performance of athletes in para powerlifting. Thus, this information can help athletes, coaches, sport managers, and sport institutions involved in the sport of para powerlifting.
This research studied the powerlifting balance of squat, bench press and deadlift (SBD) disciplines ratio to the total score. The data set was from Powerlifting Championships recognized by the ...International Powerlifting Federation, compiled by the Open Powerlifting project. The records were 65,867 men’s and 35,679 women’s samples from classic powerlifting and 19,295 men’s and 7,426 women’s samples from equipped powerlifting, all with ages from 24 to 39 years from 2012 to November 2022. For each record, the SBD ratios were calculated by the mean of the formula (SBD discipline / Total score) by one hundred. Dispersion plots of Good Lift Points (GLP) score versus the SBD ratios and Bar plots of mean and variance of SBD ratios were done, highlighted by quantiles of GLP score. The Mean and Standard Deviation from Elite Powerlifters (90-100th quantiles) of each weight class were used to calculate the SBD ratio ranges. An algorithm with twenty-six permutations, where the addition and subtraction from 0.5 to 3 standard deviation to the mean marked the ranges' Upper and Lower borders. The best permutation by each weight class was selected when the athletes' group inside the optimal ratio ranges (ORR) showed the highest Impact Factor (GLP mean by frequency) and the shortest ORR. To evaluate the effectiveness of the ORR for each weight class in sexes and events were analyzed lower levels of Powerlifters, inside 0-50th and 50th-90th quantiles of GLP score. For these sets, was applied One Way ANOVA to evaluate the meaning differences between IN and OUT groups from ORR, using post-hoc test of Tukey's HSD or Games-Howell. From sixty-four evaluations, forty-eight were higher in GLP mean score for the IN group, meaning differences regarding the OUT group. At the same time, fifteen were only the highest but not statistically different, and only one was rejected for both. Regardless of the quantile level, for Classic Powerlifting, four Women’s (57, 63, 69 and +84) and five Men’s (66, 74, 93, 105 and +120) classes presented ORR supported; while for Equipped Powerlifting were four Men’s (74, 83, 93 and 105) and six Women’s (57, 63, 69, 76, 84 and +84) classes. These findings support the theory of Powerlifting balance in SBD disciplines, which influences performance.
To investigate differences between rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and percentage one-repetition maximum (1RM) load assignment in resistance-trained males (19-35 years) performing protocols with ...matched sets and repetitions differentiated by load-assignment.
Participants performed squats then bench press 3x/weeks in a daily undulating format over 8-weeks. Participants were counterbalanced by pre-test 1RM then assigned to percentage 1RM (1RMG,
= 11); load-assignment via percentage 1RMs, or RPE groups (RPEG,
= 10); participant-selected loads to reach target RPE ranges. Ultrasonography determined pre and post-test pectoralis (PMT), and vastus lateralis muscle thickness at 50 (VLMT50) and 70% (VLMT70) femur-length.
Bench press (1RMG +9.64 ± 5.36; RPEG + 10.70 ± 3.30 kg), squat (1RMG + 13.91 ± 5.89; RPEG + 17.05 ± 5.44 kg) and their combined-total 1RMs (1RMG + 23.55 ± 10.38; RPEG + 27.75 ± 7.94 kg) increased (
< 0.05) in both groups as did PMT (1RMG + 1.59 ± 1.33; RPEG +1.90 ± 1.91 mm), VLMT50 (1RMG +2.13 ± 1.95; RPEG + 1.85 ± 1.97 mm) and VLMT70 (1RMG + 2.40 ± 2.22; RPEG + 2.31 ± 2.27 mm). Between-group differences were non-significant (
> 0.05). Magnitude-based inferences revealed 79, 57, and 72% chances of mean small effect size (ES) advantages for squat; ES 90% confidence limits (CL) = 0.50 ± 0.63, bench press; ES 90%
= 0.28 ± 0.73, and combined-total; ES 90%
= 0.48 ± 0.68 respectively, in RPEG. There were 4, 14, and 6% chances 1RMG had a strength advantage of the same magnitude, and 18, 29, and 22% chances, respectively of trivial differences between groups.
Both loading-types are effective. However, RPE-based loading may provide a small 1RM strength advantage in a majority of individuals.
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