Food insecurity is now recognized as a major health crisis in the United States. This is due to the size of the problem – more than 42 million persons were food insecure in 2015 – as well as the ...multiple negative health outcomes and higher health care costs attributable to food insecurity. An extensive body of literature from multiple fields has examined the causes and consequences of food insecurity and the efficacy of food assistance programs – especially the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. We review this literature and provide suggestions for future research directions. We suggest examining the distribution of food insecurity within households, the impact of the food distribution system on food insecurity, the coping mechanisms of low-income food secure families, food insecurity among American Indians, the effects of charitable food assistance, the causal relationship between food insecurity and health outcomes, the declining age gradient in food insecurity among Seniors, the effects of labor force participation and the Great Recession on food insecurity, and the long-term consequences of food insecurity. In addition, the impact of two recent policy recommendations on food insecurity – the minimum wage and the Affordable Care – Act should be considered.
Objective: We describe the process and outcomes of developing continuous quality improvement (CQI) procedures for a multiyear, multimillion-dollar healthy marriage and responsible fatherhood (HMRF) ...relationship enhancement education program. We present lessons learned, including adaptations used to move all programming online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Background: Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is a set of best practices that are often neglected in outreach programming due to challenges associated with funding, available expertise, and fear of underwhelming results. However, this practice provides valuable insight and benefits to programs and participants and can be implemented without interrupting program delivery. Method: We developed a "living" CQI plan over the course of 5 years using three sources of data to track, evaluate, and inform CQI high-performance decision-making: program data, fidelity data, and outcome data. Results: A sample of the preliminary descriptive quantitative results is presented including program registrations and show rates, facilitator effectiveness scores, intervention outcomes, and participant responses to online delivery to illustrate how the three types of data collected are used in the SMART Couples Project to support CQI efforts. Conclusions and Implications: Our study demonstrates the benefits of using CQI as a powerful tool for program improvement, with staff and participants alike. It is the nature of the CQI process to be amenable to changes, including unforeseen disruptions in program delivery. Implementing an intentional formative and summative CQI strategy provides benefits to social outreach and family life education programs across delivery formats and contexts.
Youth Empowerment Solutions Zimmerman, Marc A.; Eisman, Andria B.; Reischl, Thomas M. ...
Health education & behavior,
02/2018, Letnik:
45, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We report on an effectiveness evaluation of the Youth Empowerment Solutions (YES) program. YES applies empowerment theory to an after-school program for middle school students. YES is an active ...learning curriculum designed to help youth gain confidence in themselves, think critically about their community, and work with adults to create positive community change. We employed a modified randomized control group design to test the hypothesis that the curriculum would enhance youth empowerment, increase positive developmental outcomes, and decrease problem behaviors. Our sample included 367 youth from 13 urban and suburban middle schools. Controlling for demographic characteristics and pretest outcome measures, we found that youth who received more components of the curriculum reported more psychological empowerment and prosocial outcomes and less antisocial outcomes than youth who received fewer of the intervention components. The results support both empowerment theory and program effectiveness.
No man’s land Hahamovitch, Cindy
2011., 20110808, 2011, c2011., 2011-08-08, Letnik:
97
eBook
From South Africa in the nineteenth century to Hong Kong today, nations around the world, including the United States, have turned to guestworker programs to manage migration. These temporary labor ...recruitment systems represented a state-brokered compromise between employers who wanted foreign workers and those who feared rising numbers of immigrants. Unlike immigrants, guestworkers couldn't settle, bring their families, or become citizens, and they had few rights. Indeed, instead of creating a manageable form of migration, guestworker programs created an especially vulnerable class of labor.
## In Detail F# is a functional programming language that allows you to write simple code for complex problems. Currently, it is most commonly used in the financial sector. Quantitative finance makes ...heavy use of mathematics to model various parts of finance in the real world. If you are interested in using F# for your day-to-day work or research in quantitative finance, this book is a must-have. This book will cover everything you need to know about using functional programming for quantitative finance. Using a functional programming language will enable you to concentrate more on the problem itself rather than implementation details. Tutorials and snippets are summarized into an automated trading system throughout the book. This book will introduce you to F#, using Visual Studio, and provide examples with functional programming and finance combined. The book also covers topics such as downloading, visualizing and calculating statistics from data. F# is a first class programming language for the financial domain. ## Approach The approach is to guide you as a reader from the basics of functional programming and F# to more complex tasks using tutorials and a lot of code examples. As you gain more confidence through out the book, you will be able to modify and write your own code to solve various problems in finance. ## Who this book is for If you are a practitioner of quantitative finance, economics, or mathematics and wish to learn F#, then this book is for you. You may have a basic conceptual understanding of financial concepts and models, but no previous knowledge is expected.
We illustrate how partial identification methods can be used to provide credible inferences on the causal impacts of food assistance programs, focusing on the impact that the Supplemental Nutrition ...Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) has on food insecurity among households with children. Recent research applies these methods to address two key issues confounding identification: missing counterfactuals and nonrandomly misclassified treatment status. In this paper, we illustrate and extend the recent literature by using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to study the robustness of prior conclusions. The SIPP confers important advantages: the detailed information about income and eligibility allows us to apply a modified discontinuity design to sharpen inferences, and the panel nature allows us to reduce uncertainty about true participation status. We find that SNAP reduces the prevalence of food insecurity in households with children by at least six percentage points.
This book analyses whether the EU’s drift towards European strategic autonomy presents a challenge or a window of opportunity for its small member states to advance their security interests. The ...volume presents small states’ perceptions of European strategic autonomy, highlighting their expectations and concerns. The chapters focus on the depth and breadth of European strategic autonomy, national security considerations, assessment of the impact on transatlantic relations, the expected outputs, and its potential impact on the EU’s institutional structure. It also shows how systemic circumstances and the interests of powerful states, either belonging to the EU (France, Germany, and Poland) or having a significant say in European security architecture (the US), establish opportunities and constraints for the small states to shape European strategic autonomy. In particular, the study focuses on the diverging interests of the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Hungary, and the Netherlands. It demonstrates that, in most cases, European strategic autonomy is perceived not as an alternative to NATO but as a supplementary element that could facilitate the development of national military capabilities, indigenous defence industries and resilience to non-military threats. Ultimately, the book suggests that national approaches towards European strategic autonomy mainly stem from pragmatic national security and foreign policy considerations, while largely ignoring grand strategic ideas. This book will be of much interest to students of European politics, security studies, and international relations. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Develop programs of economic reformtion and structural adjustment are of the main programs that attach economic policy in developing and Arab countries, because of their great importance in ...addressing the imbalance in the balance of payments and structural in balances at the level of economic sectors, and those key sectors “the agricultural sectors”, which is one of the important sectors, especially in countries that depend on this sector in its economy. In this study treating the disorder which happen in the agricultural sectors in (Egypt- Saudi) had been focused which have been chosen as samples for research that represent the Arab countries in their thinkable and input the changes which the researcher describe it as the greater changes in the dependence change and according the priority which these countries use to treat these disorders in their agricultural economic sectors differences also has been chosen, here remarkable changes noticed in the natural of dealing with these disorders as it's one of the problems which devoted the state of duality Treating this disorders is the main aim because the varies of the national economic inputs and developing the agricultural sector in order to contribute activity in increasing the product and the production, and according to that (Egypt and Saudi) considered as the countries that use such a method.
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