A close student–teacher relationship is a protective factor for students’ psychological well-being, and it is associated with students’ internalizing and externalizing symptoms, but the mechanism ...underlying this association is unclear. To address this issue, this study investigated the role of children’s hope in the relationship between teachers’ perceived closeness in the student–teacher relationship and children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Participants consisted of 562 Italian students ages 4 to 9 years and 48 Italian teachers ages 26 to 60 years. Results indicated that the children’s hope played the mediating role between closeness and children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Findings, limitations, and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Travel has been identified as a significant contributor to psychological well-being. The recent COVID-19 global pandemic disrupted travel patterns and behaviours, thereby negatively affecting the ...psychological health and well-being of those involved. With accelerating technology use, multiple forms of virtual tourism have emerged as alternatives to physical travel, including travel via webcam. Webcam travel has received limited scholarly attention, despite the unique capacity of global place-based webcams to offer cost-free, real-time viewing of places and destinations. Similarly, there has been limited research on how participation in webcam travel influences psychological well-being. This research note examines how the digital experience accelerates the hedonic and eudaimonic psychological well-being of webcam viewers by proposing a new model – Webcam Travel DREAMA (detachment-recovery, engagement, affiliation, meaning and achievement) model. The findings provide a better understanding of webcam travel and psychological well-being, establishing potential directions for future researchers.
Objectives
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are highly prevalent in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and are strongly linked to accelerated ...cognitive decline and dementia onset. While mindfulness‐based interventions have shown promise in improving psychological well‐being in clinical and community settings, their efficacy for individuals in these pre‐dementia stages remains unclear. This meta‐analysis examined the effects of mindfulness‐based interventions on NPS and psychological outcomes in these preclinical cohorts.
Methods
Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, JBI EPB, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. Two independent researchers conducted the literature search and data extraction. Cochrane Risk‐of‐Bias Assessment Tool was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Intervention effects were estimated by Hedge's g and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
A total of 18 randomized controlled trials (including 974 participants from 21 studies) were included in the meta‐analysis. The results demonstrated statistically significant immediate post‐intervention effects of mindfulness‐based interventions on anxiety (g = −0.30, 95% CI −0.49 to −0.11), stress (g = −0.58, 95% CI −0.91 to −0.24), and quality of life (g = 0.50, 95% CI 0.12–0.87). However, no significant effects were found for depression, apathy, mindfulness, and stress‐related biomarkers. Follow‐up data analysis also did not reveal significant effects for depression and anxiety.
Conclusions
The findings of this meta‐analysis suggest that mindfulness‐based interventions may improve anxiety, stress, and quality of life in individuals with SCD and MCI. However, more rigorous randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and evaluation using physiological parameters are needed to establish more definitive conclusions. Future interventions could consider incorporating cognitive training and health education to address the specific needs of the pre‐dementia population.
Registration Number
PROSPERO: CRD42022359906.
Key points
Neuropsychiatric symptoms are highly prevalent in individuals with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment, and strongly associated with an increased risk of developing dementia.
The effectiveness of mindfulness‐based interventions for individuals in the pre‐dementia stages is still uncertain, despite their widespread use in improving psychological well‐being among clinical and community populations.
Mindfulness‐based interventions showed immediate beneficial effects on anxiety, stress, and quality of life compared to control treatments.
More rigorous and large‐scale randomized controlled trials, evaluated using physiological parameters, are needed to ensure the robustness of study findings and draw definitive conclusions.
Aims and Objectives
To explore newly qualified nurses’ support needs and their perceptions of online peer support.
Background
The experience of being a newly qualified nurse is stressful and ...isolating. Support from colleagues and peers can enhance perceptions of competence and confidence in newly qualified nurses, improve well‐being and aid retention. However, despite initiatives such as preceptorship, support needs may remain unmet in busy clinical environments. Online support has potential to offer a partial solution to professional isolation, but there is a lack of research into how technology can support nurses’ emotional and social well‐being.
Design
A qualitative exploratory study was designed, employing semi‐structured focus groups, analysed using thematic analysis. The study is reported in accordance with the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research checklist.
Methods
Eight focus groups, supplemented by one individual interview, were conducted with newly qualified nurses between June 2018–January 2019.
Findings
Two main themes arose. The first was Drowning, a lot of the time with two sub‐themes: (i) Feelings and emotions about being a Newly Qualified Nurse: ‘Absolutely terrified’ and (ii) Support within the role: ‘Somebody you can count on’. The second was Potential advantages and disadvantages of online modality: ‘Somebody is going to get in that phone!’ which included three sub‐themes (i) Potential advantages, (ii) Potential disadvantages and (iii) Preferences and recommendations.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that if barriers can be overcome, then online support has potential to contribute to newly qualified nurses’ well‐being. Further research is needed to explore technical and ethical issues around online support and evaluate its effectiveness for newly qualified nurses.
Relevance to clinical practice
Online support has the potential to add to existing strategies to support nurses during stressful times. This may be particularly relevant when many staff are working under increased pressure due to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Well-being and the Dark Triad Aghababaei, Naser; Błachnio, Agata
Personality and individual differences,
November 2015, 2015-11-00, Letnik:
86
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Much of the research in the last few years has linked the Dark Triad traits (narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism) to negative outcomes. In a sample of Polish undergraduate students, we ...examined how the Dark Triad traits differ in their relationships with eudaimonic and hedonic well-being. Narcissism was positively related to both variants of well-being, and after controlling for its shared variance with the other two dark traits its relations to well-being outcomes have noticeably increased. While psychopathy was related to lower levels of both eudaimonic and hedonic well-being, Machiavellianism was generally unrelated to well-being outcomes. The Dark Triad managed to predict unique variance in most of well-being scales, beyond broad personality factors. This research, depicting independent contributions of the Dark Triad traits to eudaimonic and hedonic well-being, suggested that having a sub-clinical narcissistic personality is helpful for living a good, full functioning life, and may even be useful for well-being of others.
•Relations of Dark Triad with eudaimonic and hedonic well-being were investigated.•Narcissism was positively correlated with both variants of well-being.•Psychopathy was negatively correlated with both variants of well-being.•Machiavellianism was generally unrelated to well-being.•Dark Triad significantly predicted well-being beyond HEXACO personality factors.
A paradigm shift in public health and medicine has broadened the field from a singular focus on the ill effects of negative states and psychopathology to an expanded view that examines protective ...psychological assets that may promote improved physical health and longevity. We summarize recent evidence of the link between psychological well-being (including positive affect, optimism, life meaning and purpose, and life satisfaction) and physical health, with particular attention to outcomes of mortality and chronic disease incidence and progression. Within this evolving discipline there remain controversies and lessons to be learned. We discuss measurement-related challenges, concerns about the quality of the evidence, and other shortcomings in the field, along with a brief discussion of hypothesized biobehavioral mechanisms involved. Finally, we suggest next steps to move the field forward.
In order to reduce the high infection rate of COVID‐19, individuals began to engage in self‐isolation amid a time of uncertainty and worry. Given that social support can be protective against the ...negative effects of distress on mental and physical health, the lack of support may negatively impact individuals during their self‐isolation. Thus, the current study examined the role of self‐isolation on feelings of stress, the perception and reception of social support, and mental health problems during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A sample of 405 college students were asked to report on the amount of self‐isolation in which they were engaging, worry about COVID‐19, psychological health, and received and perceived social support. Results indicated that when the length of time in self‐isolation was taken into account, perceived social support buffered the connection between worry about COVID‐19 and psychological health. These results indicate that social support, worry about COVID‐19, and self‐isolation may influence individuals’ psychological health during times of stress.
Resumen
Con el fin de disminuir el alto índice de contagio de la COVID‐19, las personas comenzaron a autoaislarse en medio de un momento de incertidumbre y preocupación. Teniendo en cuenta que el apoyo social puede ser protector contra los efectos negativos del distrés en la salud mental y física, la falta de apoyo puede afectar negativamente a las personas durante su autoaislamiento. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio analizó el papel que desempeña el autoaislamiento en los sentimientos de estrés, la percepción y la recepción de apoyo social y los problemas de salud mental durante la pandemia de la COVID‐19. Se solicitó a una muestra de 405 estudiantes universitarios que informen sobre la cantidad de autoaislamiento que estaban haciendo, las preocupaciones acerca de la COVID‐19, la salud psicológica y el apoyo social recibido y percibido. Los resultados indicaron que cuando se tuvo en cuenta el periodo de tiempo en autoaislamiento, el apoyo social percibido amortiguó la conexión entre la preocupación acerca de la COVID‐19 y la salud psicológica. Estos resultados indican que el apoyo social, la preocupación acerca de la COVID‐19 y el autoaislamiento pueden influir en la salud psicológica de las personas durante momentos de estrés.
摘要
为了降低COVID‐19的高感染率，在不确定的情况下以及充满忧虑的时期，个体开始实行自我隔离。鉴于社会支持可以保护人们免受低落情绪对身心健康的负面影响，缺乏支持可能对个体在自我隔离期间产生负面影响。因此，本研究考察了在COVID‐19大流行期间，自我隔离对压力感、社会支持的感知和接受以及心理健康问题等方面产生的作用。受试样本包括405名大学生，他们被要求报告他们的自我孤立程度、对COVID‐19的担忧程度、心理健康程度、获得的社会支持和感知到的社会支持程度。这些结果表明，在考虑自我隔离时间长度的情况下，社会支持感缓冲了对COVID‐19的忧虑与心理健康这两者之间的联系。本文研究结果表示社会支持、对COVID‐19的忧虑和自我隔离都可能会影响个体在压力时期的心理健康。
Intercountry adoptees constitute a distinct acculturating group that differs from traditional immigrant groups. Yet, there is a lack of research examining the psychosocial processes related to the ...well-being of this group and how these differ from other immigrant groups. A study carried out in Italy based on a sample group of young immigrants (N = 168) and intercountry adoptees (N = 160) tests a model in which social (perceived discrimination) and family factors (parental autonomy support) predict psychological well-being. The model also examines whether these associations are mediated by Bicultural Identity Integration (BII), the degree to which the ethnic and national identities are experienced as blended and compatible. Results indicate that while discrimination undermines BII among immigrants, it does not among adoptees. Moreover, parental autonomy support improves BII for both immigrants and intercountry adoptees. The findings showed significant associations between BII and psychological well-being. The implications of these results are discussed with regard to possible interventions with immigrants and intercountry adoptees.
Affectionate touch is crucial for well-being. However, attachment avoidance is associated with negative attitudes toward touch. We tested two preregistered hypotheses about how attachment avoidance ...influences the association between touch in romantic couples and psychological well-being. We examined whether greater attachment avoidance is associated with a reduced link between touch and well-being, and/or whether reduced touch mediates the relationship between attachment avoidance and lower well-being. Across three studies, including two dyadic ones, we measured retrospective self-reports (Studies 1 and 2), laboratory observations (Study 2), and daily experiences (Study 3) of touch. Touch and well-being were positively associated, and attachment avoidance was associated with lower well-being and less frequent touch. Touch was associated with greater well-being regardless of level of attachment avoidance, and less frequent touch mediated the negative association between attachment avoidance and well-being in most analyses. This underscores the importance of touch, even for those valuing distance and autonomy.
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