With Internet access, citizens in non-democracies are often able to diversify their news media repertoires despite government-imposed restrictions on media freedom. The extent to which they do so ...depends on motivations and habits of news consumption. This article presents a qualitative study of the motivations and habits underlying news media repertoires among a group of digitally connected university students in authoritarian Russia. Interviews reveal awareness and dissatisfaction vis-a-vis the ‘propagandistic’ nature of state-controlled news content, resulting in a preference for using multiple different sources – including foreign websites and ‘non-official’ citizen accounts – to build a personal understanding of what is ‘really’ going on. The article then examines how the students make sense of conflicting narratives about international affairs which they encounter in state and non-state sources. Paradoxically, low reported consumption of distrusted, ‘propagandistic’ state television is often accompanied by reproduction of the overarching strategic narrative which state television conveys.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has received considerable recent attention as a promising candidate for 5G systems. A key feature of NOMA is that users with better channel conditions have prior ...information about the messages of other users. This prior knowledge is fully exploited in this letter, where a cooperative NOMA scheme is proposed. The outage probability and diversity order achieved by this cooperative NOMA scheme are analyzed, and an approach based on user pairing is also proposed to reduce system complexity.
Deciphering the codes of contemporary plastic art requires an intellectual effort, so that communication between the artist and the media outlet can strip away the ambiguity to reach a clear reading ...such that the achievement can be understandably presented to the recipient.
The first chapter serves to identify the problem, the scope of the study. As the issue stems from the ambiguous nature of an artist's piece for media publication, it would derive several questions: What is the level of interest of the Arab press in the field of plastic arts? How willing is the Arab press to actively contribute to the field? And are they open to enhancing the process of understanding or receiving it? The author(s) further elaborate upon the importance and aim of the research that is quantified by the objective and temporal metrics of the study along with relevant, defined terminology. The second chapter covers the two concepts of information and receiving through its design of the study's theoretical framework and the author(s) acknowledgment and citations of prior relevant works. Its third chapter details the procedures by which the researcher(s) would identify a sample populace consisting of chosen relatives and relevant works of art. The fourth chapter, in providing its analysis of the results and the drawn conclusions of the study, gave insight into how media and art can influence an audience's opinions about community issues. Such a connection would notably contribute to the decision-making process and shape the convictions of the individual..
Abstract We present an audience reception study of participant reactions to gender‐based violence in Issa López' 2008 film, Casi Divas , chosen for its nuanced depiction of women grappling with ...several violences. Over three focus groups with 15 adult participants, we used Galtung's conflict theory to explore what participants identified as violence, and how victims should respond to violence in various forms. We find that participants have a narrow definition of violence, seeing it as an individualized act and therefore neglecting to consider its cultural or structural foundations. The participants' responses to violence largely reflected neoliberal values of personal empowerment and choice, resilience, and “leaning in.” We recommend critical visual literacy as a tool in the educational context to identify and address violence, to fight inequity, and to establish emancipatory discourses.
This paper presents a literature review on recent applications and design aspects of the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) in the future wireless networks. Conventionally, the network optimization ...has been limited to transmission control at two endpoints, i.e., end users and network controller. The fading wireless channel is uncontrollable and becomes one of the main limiting factors for performance improvement. The IRS is composed of a large array of scattering elements, which can be individually configured to generate additional phase shifts to the signal reflections. Hence, it can actively control the signal propagation properties in favor of signal reception, and thus realize the notion of a smart radio environment. As such, the IRS's phase control, combined with the conventional transmission control, can potentially bring performance gain compared to wireless networks without IRS. In this survey, we first introduce basic concepts of the IRS and the realizations of its reconfigurability. Then, we focus on applications of the IRS in wireless communications. We overview different performance metrics and analytical approaches to characterize the performance improvement of IRS-assisted wireless networks. To exploit the performance gain, we discuss the joint optimization of the IRS's phase control and the transceivers' transmission control in different network design problems, e.g., rate maximization and power minimization problems. Furthermore, we extend the discussion of IRS-assisted wireless networks to some emerging use cases. Finally, we highlight important practical challenges and future research directions for realizing IRS-assisted wireless networks in beyond 5G communications.
This issue explores what it means to mediate a cultural artefact across forms, times, and disciplines. Using the works of Dante as a shared case study, the articles analyse different modes of ...mediation - rewriting, adaptation, illustration, translation, and modes of authorial mediation - as evident in the seven centuries of critical, creative, and readerly response to Dante's works, especially, but not exclusively, his Commedia. This introduction indicates sources and implications for 'mediation' as it is articulated across the issue: from Roland Barthes, Gabriele D'Annunzio and contemporary videogames to medieval and modern illuminated manuscripts and illustrations. We draw out the underlying connections between Dante's own role as mediator and expectations for mediation of his works, as in his self-commentary, his frequent addresses to readers (contemporary and future) and the multiple media invoked in his writings and the ways in which subsequent mediators of Dante have responded to these calls.
Popper in Latin America Carlos Verdugo-Serna
Pizhūhishʹhā-yi falsafī (Tabrīz.),
06/2023, Letnik:
17, Številka:
42
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The reception and influence of Popper’s philosophy of science and his political philosophy in Latin America have depended heavily on the translation of his major works originally published in German ...and English. Thus, for example, The Logic of Scientific Discovery, which was originally published in 1959, was translated into Spanish in 1962 and into Portuguese only in 1974. Similarly, The Open Society and Its Enemies, originally published in 1945, was translated into Spanish twelve years later in 1957 and into Portuguese in 1974. But apart from a discussion of the impact of the translations of his books, I also want to show that the political situation in some Latin American countries, for example, Chile, Cuba and Peru, has played a very important role in the introduction, reception and influence of Popper’s philosophy of science in general and his social and political thought in particular. Accordingly, the main purpose of this article is to examine the reception of Popper’s ideas in Latin America and give an account of his influence and legacy in some of the Latin American countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay.
Alex Matson (1888–1972) is an important Finnish literary critic and essayist, whose literary reviews and collections of essays have made a vital contribution to the development of Finland's postwar ...literary generation. Born in Finland as the son of a sailor, Matson moved as a young child with his family to Hull in England, where he went to school. In the 1910s, he moved back to Finland, where he at first established himself as painter associated with the expressionist November Group, an important Finnish artistic movement at the time. In the interbellum, he moved from fine arts to literature. In the 1920s and 1930s, he published several novels, but more important was his work as transmitter of international literary ideas to Finland. Together with his first wife, Kersti Bergroth, he edited the literary journal Sininen kirja (""The Blue Book""; 1927–1930), which was inspired by the writings of John Middleton Murry and Katherine Mansfield. Sininen kirja is the most international literary journal in Finnish history to date and introduced Finland to the most significant modernist writers of the first half of the 20th century (Gottfried Benn, Jean Cocteau, Alfred Döblin, T. S. Eliot, Aldous Huxley, James Joyce, D. H. Lawrence, Katherine Mansfield, Paul Valéry, Virginia Woolf). During the Second World War, Matson worked for the State Communications Agency, which was responsible for disseminating relevant information about Finland to other nations and for informing Finns of relevant developments abroad. It was also tasked with studying the prevailing mood among the population in Finland. In Matson's unpublished wartime diaries, one can see the first symptoms of a shift in Finnish culture away from Germany and towards Anglo-Saxon culture. From the 1940s onwards, Matson recommended new English and American novels as a part of his work as reader for Finnish publishing houses, and he also translated works by Joyce, Hemingway and Steinbeck. With the help of a network of international literary critics, Matson became acquainted with New Criticism, which he introduced to Finland before it became established among academic researchers. He was often critical of academic literary studies, but his seminal essay works Romaanitaide (""On the Prose Novel""; 1947), John Steinbeck (1948), Kaksi mestaria (""Two Masters"", on Tolstoy and Dostoevsky; 1950) as well as his impressive conversational skills were instrumental in introducing knowledge about the principles of the prose novel to several authors (including Väinö Linna, Lauri Viita, and Hannu Salama), and contributed to their views of literature. Matson emphasized the importance of reading and understanding high-quality literature for the wellbeing of society.
In the early days of radio broadcasting, there were interference problems with radio reception due to “radio noise.” Several coordinating committees were formed to address the problems. The most ...prominent one was formed in 1931 and it was called the EEI-NEMA-RMA Joint Coordination Committee on Radio Reception. (Note: EEI is the Edison Electric Institute, NEMA is the National Electrical Manufacturer's Association, and RMA is the Radio Manufacturers Association.)
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