This cross-disciplinary volume illuminates the history of early phonography from a transnational perspective, recovering the myriad sites, knowledge practices, identities and discourses which ...dynamically shaped early recording cultures. With case studies from China, Australia, the United States, Latin America, Russia, Sweden, Germany, Spain, Portugal, France and Italy, Phonographic Encounters explores moments of interaction and encounter, as well as tensions, between local and global understandings of recording technologies.
Drawing on an array of archival sources often previously unavailable in English, it moves beyond Western-centric narratives of early phonography and beyond the strict confines of the recording industry. Contributions from media history, musicology, popular music studies, cultural studies, area studies and the history of science and technology make this book a key and innovative resource for understanding early phonography against the backdrop of colonial and global power relations.
The History of Music Production offers an authoritative, concise, and accessible overview of nearly 140 years of production of recorded music. It describes what role the music producer has played in ...shaping the creation, perception, propagation, business, and use of music, and discusses the future of the music production industry.
Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording Kryder, Mark H.; Gage, Edward C.; McDaniel, Terry W. ...
Proceedings of the IEEE,
11/2008, Letnik:
96, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Heat-assisted magnetic recording is a promising approach for enabling large increases in the storage density of hard disk drives. A laser is used to momentarily heat the recording area of the medium ...to reduce its coercivity below that of the applied magnetic field from the recording head. In such a system, the recording materials have a very high magnetic anisotropy, which is essential for the thermal stability of the magnetization of the extremely small grains in the medium. This technology involves new recording physics, new approaches to near field optics, a recording head that integrates optics and magnetics, new recording materials, lubricants that can withstand extremely high temperatures, and new approaches to the recording channel design. This paper surveys the challenges for this technology and the progress that has been made in addressing them.
Future Options for HDD Storage Shiroishi, Y.; Fukuda, K.; Tagawa, I. ...
IEEE transactions on magnetics,
2009-Oct., 2009-10-00, 20091001, Letnik:
45, Številka:
10
Journal Article
The HDD industry is at a critical technology cross roads and it is paramount that we quickly establish comprehensive paths to push beyond the superparamagnetic limit. Several promising technology ...options have been explored to increase the areal density beyond the limit such as bit patterned magnetic recording (BPMR), heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), and microwave assisted magnetic recording (MAMR). In addition to these three technology options, there is recent interest in a fourth approach that has the advantage of staying with a relatively conventional perpendicular medium and head. This combines shingled write recording (SWR) and/or 2-D read back and signal processing. Either technique can be used separately to give large gains and the combination of the two, which is referred to as 2-D magnetic recording (TDMR), promises particularly large gains. Recording with energy assist on BPM or 2-D signal processing will enable the areal density beyond around 5 Tb/in 2 , although none of them have shown a clear problem-free solution. Precompetitive research projects and programs have recently started targeting 2 Tb/in 2 by 2010 for SRC, 5 Tb/in 2 by 2013 for NEDO, and 10 Tb/in 2 by 2015 for INSIC. This paper reviews the technology options ahead, and the pros & cons for each option. We include a brief introduction to SWR and TDMR.
This book traces the profound impact of technical media on the sound of music, asking: How do media technologies shape sound? How does this affect music? And how did it change what we listen for in ...music? Based on the information theoretical proposition that all transmission channels introduce noise and distortion, the argument accounts for the fact that technologically reproduced music is inherently shaped by the technologies that enable its reproduction. The media archaeological assessment of this noise of sound media developed in the book draws from a wide range of sources, both theoretical and historical, conceptual and technical. Together, they show that noise should not be understood as unwanted by-effect but instead plays a foundational role in shaping the sonic contours of technologically reproduced music. Over the course of five chapters, the book sketches a broad history of the problem of noise in sound recording, looks at specific analog and digital noise-related technologies, traces the ideal of sonic purity back to key developments in nineteenth-century acoustics, and develops an analysis of the close interrelation between noise and the temporality of sound. This relation, it argues, is central to the way in which recorded sound and music resonate with listeners. Ultimately, this media-specific analysis of the noise of sound media thereby greatly enriches our understanding of the way in which they changed and continue to change the sonorous qualities of music, thus offering a new perspective on the interaction between music, media, and listeners.
In this paper, we present a novel mechanism for recording at a head held significantly below the medium coercivity in a perpendicular recording geometry. By applying a localized ac field at adequate ...frequency to the perpendicular recording medium, saturation recording can be achieved with recording field amplitudes significantly below the medium coercivity, or the medium perpendicular anisotropy field. A scheme utilizing spin torque to generate a localized ac field at high frequency (tens of gigahertz) with kilo-oersted field amplitude in the medium is proposed along with a systematic modeling analysis. Recording simulations at high linear densities are presented.
Eco-sonic media Smith, Jacob
2015., 20150609, 2015, 2015-06-05
eBook
The negative environmental effects of media culture are not often acknowledged: the fuel required to keep huge server farms in operation, landfills full of high tech junk, and the extraction of rare ...minerals for devices reliant on them are just some of the hidden costs of the contemporary mediascape. Eco-Sonic Media brings an ecological critique to the history of sound media technologies in order to amplify the environmental undertones in sound studies and turn up the audio in discussions of greening the media. By looking at early and neglected forms of sound technology, Jacob Smith seeks to create a revisionist, ecologically aware history of sound media. Delving into the history of pre-electronic media like hand-cranked gramophones, comparatively eco-friendly media artifacts such as the shellac discs that preceded the use of petroleum-based vinyl, early forms of portable technology like divining rods, and even the use of songbirds as domestic music machines, Smith builds a scaffolding of historical case studies to demonstrate how "green media archaeology" can make sound studies vibrate at an ecological frequency while opening the ears of eco-criticism. Throughout this eye-opening and timely book he makes readers more aware of the costs and consequences of their personal media consumption by prompting comparisons with non-digital, non-electronic technologies and by offering different ways in which sound media can become eco-sonic media. In the process, he forges interdisciplinary connections, opens new avenues of research, and poses fresh theoretical questions for scholars and students of media, sound studies, and contemporary environmental history.
Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording Rottmayer, R.E.; Batra, S.; Buechel, D. ...
IEEE transactions on magnetics,
10/2006, Letnik:
42, Številka:
10
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Due to the limits of conventional perpendicular magnetic recording, it appears that alternative technologies are needed at areal densities >500 Gb/in 2 . Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) is a ...promising approach to extend areal densities to 1 Tb/in 2 and beyond. All of the unique components necessary for a working HAMR system have been demonstrated. Although HAMR permits writing on high Hc media with lower magnetic fields and can produce higher write gradients than conventional magnetic recording, head/media spacing and the development of high Hc media with small grains remains challenging
Autonomous sound recording techniques have gained considerable traction in the last decade, but the question remains whether they can replace human observation surveys to sample sonant animals. For ...birds in particular, survey methods have been tested extensively using point counts and sound recording surveys. Here, we review the latest evidence for this taxon within the frame of a systematic map. We compare sampling effectiveness of these two survey methods, the output variables they produce, and their practicality. When assessed against the standard of point counts, autonomous sound recording proves to be a powerful tool that samples at least as many species. This technology can monitor birds in an exhaustive, standardized, and verifiable way. Moreover, sound recorders give access to entire soundscapes from which new data types can be derived (vocal activity, acoustic indices). Variables such as abundance, density, occupancy, or species richness can be obtained to yield data sets that are comparable to and compatible with point counts. Finally, autonomous sound recorders allow investigations at high temporal and spatial resolution and coverage, which are more cost effective and cannot be achieved by human observations alone, even though small-scale studies might be more cost effective when carried out with point counts. Sound recorders can be deployed in many places, they are more scalable and reliable, making them the better choice for bird surveys in an increasingly data-driven time. We provide an overview of currently available recorders and discuss their specifications to guide future study designs.
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