A growing body of empirical evidence is revealing the value of nature experience for mental health. With rapid urbanization and declines in human contact with nature globally, crucial decisions must ...be made about how to preserve and enhance opportunities for nature experience. Here, we first provide points of consensus across the natural, social, and health sciences on the impacts of nature experience on cognitive functioning, emotional well-being, and other dimensions of mental health. We then show how ecosystem service assessments can be expanded to include mental health, and provide a heuristic, conceptual model for doing so.
Rodríguez-Pose A. and Garcilazo E. Quality of government and the returns of investment: examining the impact of cohesion expenditure in European regions, Regional Studies. This paper sets out to ...examine the relationship between the quality of local and regional governments and regional economic performance, linking government quality to the returns of European Union Structural and Cohesion Funds. Using primary data on government quality collected by the Quality of Government Institute, combined with World Bank Global Governance Indicators data, a two-way fixed effect panel regression model is conducted for a total of 169 European regions during the period 1996-2007. The results of the analysis underline the importance of government quality both as a direct determinant of economic growth as well as a moderator of the efficiency of Structural and Cohesion Funds expenditure. The analysis finds that both European Union investments targeting regions and quality of government simultaneously make a difference for regional economic growth, but that above a threshold of cohesion expenditure - calculated at more than €120 of cohesion expenditure per capita per year - government quality improvements are a far more important and realistic option for regional development than additional public investment. In many of the regions receiving the bulk of Structural Funds, further improvements in economic growth would require massive amounts of additional investment, unless the quality of government is significantly enhanced.
The article examines the modern realities of the functioning of the State Regional Development Fund as a budget program within the State Budget of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to reveal the ...key features of the Fund functioning in modern conditions, to assess the current state of financial support of regional development projects, to identify the main problems in this field, and to develop possible solutions. The article substantiates the importance of sustainable development of territories as a mode of functioning of the region, characterized by harmonious positive changes in the most important spheres of life of the individual, society, and state, considering the interests of present and future generations. The change of the tendency of the gap between the declared and approved volumes of financing of regional development projects in 2015-2021 is estimated and the possible consequences of such gap are outlined. The volume and number of development projects in the regional and district dimension, funded by the Ukrainian State Regional Development Fund in 2020, are marked on the map of Ukraine. The need for uniform distribution of project financing based on the new zoning and elimination of "white spots" on the project map is emphasized. The ratio of the number of regional development projects in terms of settlements of implementation by their status was studied. Structural analysis of the use of funds of the Ukrainian State Regional Development Fund by purpose and type of work is performed; the average cost of regional development projects by category and in general are calculated and compared. Based on the analysis, the "bottlenecks" of the Ukrainian State Regional Development Fund functioning at the present stage are identified and the ways to solve them are proposed.
Rodríguez-Pose A. Do institutions matter for regional development?, Regional Studies. This paper discusses whether institutions matter for regional development and how to integrate them in regional ...development strategies. It is found that while institutions are crucial for economic development, generating an institution-based regional development strategy is likely to be undermined by the lack of definition of what are efficient institutions. Problems related to the measurement of institutions, to their space and time variability, to the difficulties in establishing the right mix of formal and informal institutions, and to the endogeneity between institutions and economic development make one-size-fits-all approaches to operationalizing institutions difficult. The paper posits that, in order to overcome these problems, it is crucial to distinguish between the 'institutional environment' and 'institutional arrangements', that is, to target not the institutions which shape the unique character of any territory, but the institutional factors that represent barriers for the efficacy of other factors influencing economic development (that is, education, training and skills, innovation, infrastructure and the like).
Rodríguez-Pose A. 制度对区域发展而言是否重要，区域研究。本文探讨制度对区域发展而言是否重要，以及如何将其整合至区域发展策略之中。研究发现，制度虽然是经济发展的关键，但建构以制度为基础的区域发展策略，有可能因缺乏对于有效制度的定义而受到破坏。有关测量制度和其时空变异、建立正式与非正式制度的正确混合的困难性，以及制度和经济发展间内生性的问题，导致难以建构一个操作制度的一体适用方法。本文指出，为了克服上述困难，区辨"制度环境"和"制度安排"相当重要，意即不是对准形塑特定领域中独特性质的制度，而是瞄准对其他影响经济发展因素有效性 (亦即教育、技术训练、创新、基础建设等) 呈现阻碍的制度性因素。
制度 区域发展 发展策略 以地方为基础的政策
Rodríguez-Pose A. Les institutions, sont-elles importantes pour l'aménagement du territoire?, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche à discuter si, oui ou non, les institutions sont importantes pour l'aménagement du territoire et comment les intégrer dans les stratégies d'aménagement du territoire. Alors que les institutions sont essentielles au développement économique, il s'avère que la mise en oeuvre d'une stratégie d'aménagement du territoire fondée sur les institutions risque d'être entravée par le manque d'une définition de ce que c'est une institution efficace. Les problèmes liés à l'évaluation des institutions, à leur variabilité dans le temps et l'espace, aux difficultés dans la mise en place de la bonne combinaison d'institutions, à la fois formelles et informelles, et à l'endogénéité entre les institutions et le développement économique, rendent difficile la mise au point d'une solution universelle à la mise en place des institutions. L'article précise qu'il est essentiel de distinguer entre le 'milieu institutionnel' et les 'dispositifs institutionnels', autrement dit, il ne faut pas cibler les institutions qui façonnent le caractère unique d'un territoire, mais plutôt les facteurs institutionnels qui constituent des obstacles à l'efficacité d'autres facteurs qui influent sur le développement économique (à savoir, l'éducation, la formation et les compétences, l'innovation, l'infrastructure et ainsi de suite).
Institutions Aménagement du territoire Stratégies d'aménagement du territoire Politiques localisées
Rodríguez-Pose A. Spielen Institutionen bei der Regionalentwicklung eine Rolle?, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob Institutionen bei der Regionalentwicklung eine Rolle spielen und wie sie sich in Strategien zur Regionalentwicklung integrieren lassen. Es wird festgestellt, dass Institutionen für die Regionalentwicklung zwar eine wichtige Rolle spielen, aber die Ausarbeitung einer institutionell basierten Regionalentwicklungsstrategie durch das Fehlen einer Definition für eine effiziente Institution tendenziell untergraben wird. Probleme im Zusammenhang mit der Messung von Institutionen, ihrer räumlichen und zeitlichen Variabilität, den Schwierigkeiten bei der Ermittlung der richtigen Kombination von formellen und informellen Institutionen sowie der Endogenität von Institutionen und Wirtschaftsentwicklung erschweren die Entwicklung von einheitlichen Ansätzen zur Behandlung von Institutionen. In diesem Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass zur Überwindung dieser Probleme zwischen 'institutioneller Umgebung' und 'institutionellen Vorkehrungen' unterschieden werden muss. Anders ausgedrückt, sollte nicht auf die Institutionen abgezielt werden, die den einzigartigen Charakter eines Gebiets ausmachen, sondern auf die institutionellen Faktoren, die die Wirksamkeit von anderen Faktoren der Wirtschaftsentwicklung (Bildung, Ausbildung und Qualifikation, Innovation, Infrastruktur usw.) beeinträchtigen.
Institutionen Regionalentwicklung Entwicklungsstrategien Ortsbasierte Politiken
Rodríguez-Pose A. ¿Afectan las instituciones al desarrollo regional?, Regional Studies. En este artículo se examina hasta qué punto las instituciones afectan al desarrollo regional y cómo las condiciones institucionales de cada espacio se pueden integrar en las estrategias de desarrollo regional. El argumento fundamental del artículo es que, mientras que las instituciones son esenciales para el desarrollo económico, la puesta en marcha de estrategias de desarrollo regional basadas en instituciones debe confrontar el problema de la falta de definición de lo que son instituciones eficaces. Los problemas ligados a la medida de las instituciones, a su variación en el espacio y en el tiempo, a las dificultades para calibrar la mezcla adecuada de instituciones formales e informales y a la endogeneidad entre instituciones y desarrollo regional limitan la posibilidad de aplicar enfoques genéricos al tema. En el artículo se argumenta que para salvar estas barreras resulta esencial distinguir entre el 'contexto institucional' y los 'arreglos institucionales'. Esto significa centrarse no en las instituciones que modelan el carácter único de cada territorio, sino en los factores institucionales que representan los principales obstáculos para la eficacia de otros factores que afectan al desarrollo económico (educación, formación, innovación, infraestructura y factores similares).
Instituciones Desarrollo regional Estrategias de desarrollo Políticas basadas en el territorio
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