Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is an analytical technique that can be used to measure elements at trace levels in biological fluids. Although older techniques such as atomic ...absorption and atomic emission are still in use by some laboratories, there has been a slow shift toward ICP-MS, particularly in the last decade. As this shift is likely to continue, clinical scientists should be aware of the analytical aspects of ICP-MS, as well as the potential for both spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interference, and strategies that can be employed to eliminate or mitigate these issues.
Literature review is part and parcel of scholarly research. Though many literature review guides are available, they remain limited because they do not adequately account for the different types of ...literature review. Noteworthily, literature reviews can manifest as part of conceptual or empirical studies, or as independent studies, in which the latter may be curated in various ways. Moreover, despite its importance and popularity, literature reviews, particularly as independent studies, continue to attract unfair criticism and remain scarce in service research. To address the aforementioned gaps, this article endeavors to provide an overview and guidelines for writing literature reviews. Specifically, this article explains (1) what a literature review is and is not, (2) why literature reviews are valuable, and (3) how to conduct a literature review, as well as (4) the areas of service research and (5) the innovative ways in which literature reviews can be curated in the future.
Deep learning (DL) is a branch of machine learning and artificial intelligence that has been applied to many areas in different domains such as health care and drug design. Cancer prognosis estimates ...the ultimate fate of a cancer subject and provides survival estimation of the subjects. An accurate and timely diagnostic and prognostic decision will greatly benefit cancer subjects. DL has emerged as a technology of choice due to the availability of high computational resources. The main components in a standard computer-aided design (CAD) system are preprocessing, feature recognition, extraction and selection, categorization, and performance assessment. Reduction of costs associated with sequencing systems offers a myriad of opportunities for building precise models for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction. In this survey, we provided a summary of current works where DL has helped to determine the best models for the cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction tasks. DL is a generic model requiring minimal data manipulations and achieves better results while working with enormous volumes of data. Aims are to scrutinize the influence of DL systems using histopathology images, present a summary of state-of-the-art DL methods, and give directions to future researchers to refine the existing methods.
With photovoltaics becoming a mature, commercially feasible technology, society is willing to allocate resources for developing and deploying new technologies based on using solar light. Analysis of ...projects supported by the European Commission in the past decade indicates exponential growth of funding to photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) technologies that aim either at technology readiness levels (TRLs) TRL 1–3 or TRL > 3, with more than 75 Mio€ allocated from the year 2019 onward. This review provides a summary of PC and PEC processes for the synthesis of bulk commodities such as solvents and fuels, as well as chemicals for niche applications. An overview of photoreactors for photocatalysis on a larger scale is provided. The review rounds off with the summary of reactions performed at lab scale under natural outdoor solar light to illustrate conceptual opportunities offered by solar-driven chemistry beyond the reduction of CO2 and water splitting. The authors offer their vision of the impact of this area of research on society and the economy.
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Review Edgar, Natalie Rose; Saleh, Dahlia; Miller, Richard A
The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology
10, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Aphthous stomatitis is a painful and often recurrent inflammatory process of the oral mucosa that can appear secondary to various well-defined disease processes. Idiopathic recurrent aphthous ...stomatitis is referred to as recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The differential diagnosis for recurrent aphthous ulcerations is extensive and ranges from idiopathic benign causes to inherited fever syndromes, to connective tissue disease, or even inflammatory bowel diseases. A thorough history and review of systems can assist the clinician in determining whether it is related to a systemic inflammatory process or truly idiopathic. Management of aphthous stomatitis is challenging. For recurrent aphthous stomatitis or recalcitrant aphthous stomatitis from underlying disease, first-line treatment consists of topical medications with use of systemic medications as necessary. Herein, the authors discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment ladder of aphthous stomatitis as described in the literature.
Data is the cornerstone of using AI models, because their performance directly depends on the diversity, quantity, and quality of the data used for training. Using AI presents unique potential, ...particularly in medical applications that involve rich data such as ophthalmology, encompassing a variety of imaging methods, medical records, and eye-tracking data. However, sharing medical data comes with challenges because of regulatory issues and privacy concerns. This review explores traditional and nontraditional data sharing methods in medicine, focusing on previous works in ophthalmology. Traditional methods involve direct data transfer, whereas newer approaches prioritize security and privacy by sharing derived datasets, creating secure research environments, or using model-to-data strategies. We examine each method's mechanisms, variations, recent applications in ophthalmology, and their respective advantages and disadvantages. By empowering medical researchers with insights into data sharing methods and considerations, this review aims to assist informed decision-making while upholding ethical standards and patient privacy in medical AI development.Data is the cornerstone of using AI models, because their performance directly depends on the diversity, quantity, and quality of the data used for training. Using AI presents unique potential, particularly in medical applications that involve rich data such as ophthalmology, encompassing a variety of imaging methods, medical records, and eye-tracking data. However, sharing medical data comes with challenges because of regulatory issues and privacy concerns. This review explores traditional and nontraditional data sharing methods in medicine, focusing on previous works in ophthalmology. Traditional methods involve direct data transfer, whereas newer approaches prioritize security and privacy by sharing derived datasets, creating secure research environments, or using model-to-data strategies. We examine each method's mechanisms, variations, recent applications in ophthalmology, and their respective advantages and disadvantages. By empowering medical researchers with insights into data sharing methods and considerations, this review aims to assist informed decision-making while upholding ethical standards and patient privacy in medical AI development.
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