Languages show variations according to the social class of speakers and Latin was no exception, as readers of Petronius are aware. The Romance languages have traditionally been regarded as developing ...out of a 'language of the common people' (Vulgar Latin), but studies of modern languages demonstrate that linguistic change does not merely come, in the social sense, 'from below'. There is change from above, as prestige usages work their way down the social scale, and change may also occur across the social classes. This book is a history of many of the developments undergone by the Latin language as it changed into Romance, demonstrating the varying social levels at which change was initiated. About thirty topics are dealt with, many of them more systematically than ever before. Discussions often start in the early Republic with Plautus, and the book is as much about the literary language as about informal varieties.
Within the current discussion on grammatical interfaces, the word-classes of adjective and adverb are of particular interest because they appear to be separated or joined in manifold ways at the ...level of word-class or syntax, with morphology playing a prominent role, especially in Romance. The volume provides typological and theoretical insights into the common or different usage of adjectives and adverbs in Romance. Diachronic change is discussed alongside with synchronic variation and the representation in grammar. The discussion turns out to be controversial, calling into question traditional assumptions such as the dogma of the invariability and the categorial status of the adverb.
This book is a study of romance motifs and conventions, or ‘memes’: ideas that behave like genes or organisms in their ability to replicate, adapt, and survive in different forms and cultures. First ...developed in French and Anglo-Norman romances of the 12th century, they were transmitted into English in the 13th-15th centuries, acquired a new and vibrant popularity when prints of medieval romances became the pulp fiction of the Tudor age, and underwent remarkable metamorphoses in the works of the great Elizabethan writers. Although the motifs themselves remain the same, sometimes even down to verbal detail, the usage and understanding of them changes over time, rather as a word may change meaning: the book offers in effect a historical semantics of the language of romance conventions. Differences in cultural usage and interpretation emerge not just in the reuse of traditional elements in new stories but even in successive recopyings of a single text. These differences become more marked as stories and motifs move across authors, periods, readership groups, and changing linguistic and historical circumstances. The book concludes in the early 17th century, since the generation into which Spenser and Shakespeare were born was the last to be brought up on these stories in their original forms, and which therefore had access to the full range of meanings they could encode.
This book presents an analysis of the difficulties faced by native speakers of English in the learning of Romance languages and in so doing proposes a comprehensive model of the acquisition of ...tense-aspect marking. While L1 speakers of English may quickly learn to identify and, to some extent, use the Spanish perfective and imperfective verb endings, the L2 representation of tense-aspect distinctions among both beginning and advanced learners requires a comprehensive multidimensional analysis. Through a detailed examination of new and existing empirical data, this monograph proposes a new model for examining tense-aspect marking in second language acquisition, which reconciles competing, alternative hypotheses. This comprehensive account will be of interest to academics researching second language acquisition and applied linguistics.
In Dynamics of Morphological Productivity, Francesco Gardani explores the evolution of the productivity of the noun inflectional classes of Latin and Old Italian, providing a wealth of cleverly ...organized empirical facts, accompanied by brilliant and groundbreaking analyses.
Los primeros textos biográficos que se compusieron tras la muerte de Luis de Góngora para los diversos proyectos de edición o de comentario de su obra son inseparables de la polémica desatada en ...torno a su rompedora obra poética. Este volumen ofrece un estudio preliminar y una edición anotada de estas primeras biografías: la compuesta por fray Hortensio Paravicino para los preliminares del conocido manuscrito Chacón; la que escribió José de Pellicer para las Lecciones solemnes, pero que nunca llegó a publicar; y la vida que se difundió a partir de 1633 en las ediciones de Todas las obras de don Luis de Góngora, a cargo de Gonzalo de Hoces.
This chapter presents an empirical study of the left periphery of Basic Discourse Units, viz. the linguistic segments that speakers and hearers use to interpret the discourse they are engaged in. A ...Basic Discourse Unit is bound by the mapping of a syntactic (dependency) structure and a major intonation unit, giving rise to different types of discourse units (congruent, syntax-bound, intonation-bound, regulatory). Focusing on the discourse units' Left Peripheral Elements, which are again defined in syntactic and prosodic terms, we show that they fulfil different discourse structuring roles.
Workplace romance (WR), a terminology used to describe romantic relations between individuals in an organization, represents a phenomenon that has attracted academic attention for decades. However, ...despite its lure, the sensitive nature of WR has resulted in a limited quantity of empirical investigations, fragmented literary results, and an elusive understanding of how organizations should approach workplace romances. This study performs a systematic assessment of the WR research and uses an integrated approach to identify the antecedents, outcomes, and gaps in the literature to address in future WR research. Based on this conceptual backdrop, a CUPID (considerate, uncharacteristic, pragmatic, informed, and diligence) framework is proposed that may provide guidance for human resource managers grappling with WR.
On sait que Stendhal fut un fervent lecteur de Mémoires. Le rôle joué par ces lectures dans la constitution de son œuvre n’avait guère fait, pourtant, l’objet d’études approfondies. Cette question, ...ici, est au cœur de l’ouvrage, qui donne à mesurer son ampleur. La fascination de Stendhal pour les Mémoires est replacée dans le contexte de l’époque : ce genre, qui connaît un essor particulier sous la Restauration, influence à la fois historiens et romanciers, dans leurs tentatives concurrentes, mais aussi leurs efforts communs pour écrire l’Histoire de leur temps. L’importance, pour l’élaboration de l’esthétique stendhalienne, de cette relation à l’écriture mémorialiste est saisie selon une triple perspective : le livre mène d’abord l’analyse de la réception critique des Mémoires par Stendhal et des leçons qu’il en tire, puis fait apparaître le lien entre ses écrits biographiques et autobiographiques et les Mémoires postrévolutionnaires et bonapartistes, et enfin étudie, à travers l’exemple du Rouge et le Noir, comment le roman stendhalien travaille le matériau fourni par les Mémoires.
