Objetivo: Identificar polos de ocorrência de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana na zona rural, no Estado do Paraná avaliando taxas de incidência anual, calculadas obre a população rural. Metodologia: ...utilizou a base dados do DATASUS/SINAN (2001-2015). A definição dos polos de ocorrência utilizou a série 2007-2015. Elaboraram-se mapas de análise dos casos absolutos por município e as taxas de incidência anual/100.000 habitantes sobre a população total e apenas rural. Os dados de população envolveram projeções de 2001 a 2015. Analisaram-se aspectos socioambientais. Resultados: Identificaram-se sete polos de LTA de ocorrência rural no período: Os municípios que apresentaram as maiores taxas de ocorrência, considerado o meio rural/100.000 habitantes, e os focos da LTA, nos polos, foram: Jussara (567/100.000hab), Japurá (418), São Jorge do Ivaí (377), Doutor Camargo (247), Ivatuba (233), São Tomé (221), Terra Boa (143), Tuneiras do Oeste (114) e Cianorte (98), todos no polo (b) Jussara; Adrianópolis (209) e Cerro Azul (60), no polo (a) Adrianópolis-; Lobato (113), no polo (g) Icaraíma (86), no polo (e) Bandeirantes (79), no polo (c) Bandeirantes. Os polos (d) Londrina e (f) Lindoeste - são amplos e difusos, com taxas de ocorrência menos significativas. As taxas calculadas apenas sobre a população rural dão a dimensão da alta incidência no meio rural.
Palavras chave: comunidades negras rurais, infancia, memória social, transmissâo intergeracional ABSTRACT Intergenerational transmission plays an important role in the maintenance of social memory of ...black rural communities, in the transmission of knowledge and tradition that characterize its relation with the ethnic and racial territory. ...we will discuss the results of an extension activity, in which were realized semi-structured interviews with nine habitants of the community, as well as workshops with around thirty children and young people. The children, in their turn, demonstrated appropriation and the ability to update these narratives, something we observed in their conversations, games and drawings. Keywords: black rural communities, childhood, intergenerational transmission, social memory Neste artigo analisamos a transmissao intergeracional de narrativas sobre o território e o papel das crianças na preservaçao da memória social, a partir de um projeto de extensao realizado com crianças e jovens moradores da comunidade negra rural de Cafuringa, em Campos dos Goytacazes (RJ, Brasil).
Background: Youth in rural areas are disproportionally affected by pediatric obesity. Given the unique barriers rural populations face, tailoring and increasing access to obesity interventions is ...necessary. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a family-based pediatric obesity intervention delivered to rural children via televideo to a participant's home (iAmHealthy). Methods: Participating schools (n = 18) were randomly assigned to iAmHealthy or a newsletter control group. iAmHealthy is a family-based obesity intervention consisting of biweekly individual health coaching and 8 weekly group sessions followed by six monthly group sessions. Child height/weight and physical activity (MVPA) were assessed at baseline, post-treatment (8 months) and follow-up (20 months). Multi-level modeling accounting for the study's nested design estimated the effect of treatment on outcomes at both timepoints. Results: 148 youth (Mage = 8.9; 56.8% female; 87.1% White) were randomized to iAmHealthy (n = 64) or the control group (n = 84). For child BMIz change, the control group had a marginally significant increase, F (1,130) = 3.82, p = 0.053, from baseline to post and a significant increase, F(1,121) = 12.88, p < 0.001, from baseline to follow-up. The iAmHealthy group had no significant changes in BMIz from baseline to post or follow-up. For average daily MVPA, no differences were observed from baseline to post in either group; however, from baseline to follow-up a significant decrease was observed in the control group (F (1,97) = 20.59, p < 0.001), while iAmHealthy had no significant changes. Conclusions: This trial extends previous pediatric obesity work in an innovative direction by increasing convenience (moving the mHealth intervention into rural family homes) and dose of treatment. Results at follow-up suggest improved BMIz trajectories and long-term health behaviors for youth in the iAmHealthy group compared to the control group.
Background: Rural health clinics may be an effective site for the delivery of weight management in rural communities. However, rural clinic staff trained to deliver weight management may be ...unavailable. This secondary analysis used data from a trial which randomized rural adults (BMI = 35 kg/m2) to a weight loss intervention delivered by group phone (GP, n = 71) or individual phone (IP, n = 80) (DK108732) to examine the impact of the type of interventionist (clinical staff nurse/dietician (CS) vs. allied health professional health educator/kinesiologist (AH P)) on 6 mo. weight loss. Methods: All interventionists (CS = 4 2 registered nurses, 2 registered dietitians; AHP = 2 1 health educator, 1 kinesiologist) were trained to deliver a multicomponent weight management intervention that included education/behavioral counseling, reduced energy diet, increased physical activity and self-monitoring. Interventionist training included a detailed intervention program binder and a 1-day on-site, and four 1-h. remote sessions. A factorial model was performed to compare the effect of interventionist type (CS vs AHP), delivery mode (GP vs. IP), and their interaction on weight change (%) across 6 mos. Results: Six-mo. weight loss was significantly greater in the GP (-11.7 ± 6.6%) compared with the IP arm (-9.2 ± 6.8%; p < 0.01). There was a significant interaction between delivery mode and interventionist type. In the IP arm weight loss was significantly greater when the intervention was delivered by CS (-10.9 ± 6.5%) compared with AHP (-5.7 ± 6.0%; p = 0.02). However, in the GP arm weight loss not significantly different when the intervention was delivered by CS (-11.3 ± 5.9%) or AHP (-12.7 ± 8.1%, p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that interventionist type did not impact 6 mo. weight loss when the weight loss intervention was delivered in a group-based format. However, when using an individual format weight loss was significantly greater when the intervention was delivered by CS compared with AHP.
Dinesh Shetty
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
March 21, 2022, Letnik:
61, Številka:
13
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
“My favorite place on earth is my hometown (Koodlu, Karnataka) in India, a beautiful countryside village with loads of human values … I chose my current career path because it surprises me daily by ...tossing new challenges and excitements …” Find out more about Dinesh Shetty in his Introducing … Profile.
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