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This study was conducted to improve productivity of Tartary buckwheat in Korea based on the comprehension of local adaptability for cultivation across the nation. Cultivation of Tartary buckwheat was ... attempted in Suwon, Chunchon, Kangneung, Yunchon, and Taean to determine local adaptability for cultivation. Plant height was highest in plants grown in Yunchon(116.3cm) and lowest in those of Suwon(89.2cm). Plants grown in Kangneung were highest in number of leaf and fresh weight of a plant. več

Rice-Tartary buckwheat is a form of Tartary buckwheat grown and used in place of rice in limited areas of Nepal, Bhutan, and southern China. It has a non-adhering hull that splits longitudinally in ... three, unlike other Tartary buckwheats, which have an adhering hull that is hard to remove. Information on rice-Tartary buckwheat is limited, and its suitability for crossbreeding is unclear. We reciprocally crossed Tartary and rice-Tartary buckwheats, and backcrossed rice-Tartary-type progeny and Tartary buckwheat. Hybridization using hot-water emasculation was successful, and over half of the hand-pollinated flowers set mature seeds. Segregation analyses revealed that the non-adhering hull is controlled by a single recessive gene. Fsub(2) segregates showed almost no relation between the non-adhering hull and earliness, suggesting that selection for early-maturing non-adhering-hulled plants is feasible. Progeny analysis of a cross between rice-Tartary-type plants and plants with a dark red cotyledon suggested no linkage between the two controlling loci. The rutin concentration in dehulled grain was stable after immersion in water, although that in flour rapidly decreased after the addition of water. Rice-Tartary buckwheat is suitable for crossbreeding with Tartary buckwheat, and the trait of non-adhering hull will allow the use of dehulled grain as a dietary source of rutin. več

【目的】研究了芦丁对奶牛产奶量、血清、泌乳相关激素等指标的影响,旨在寻找合适的添加量,为应用芦丁提高中国奶牛泌乳性能提供数据参考。【方法】选用生理状态等相近的泌乳高峰期经产中国荷斯坦奶牛20头,随机分成4组,每组5头。分别在基础日粮中每日每头添加芦丁0.0(对照组)、1.5、3.0、4.5mg?kg-1。试验期11周,其中预饲期1周,正试期10周。隔日记录试验牛的产奶量,并于试验第5、35、65日采集乳样进行乳成分分析,同日尾静脉抽取血液样品,根据产奶量的检测结果,选择效果最好组及对照组测定其血清生化指标、免疫指标及泌乳相关激素含量等。【结果】(1)与对照组相比,3.0mg?kg-1与4.5mg?kg-1芦丁处理组都显著提高了奶牛的产奶量(P＜0.05),而1.5 mg?kg-1芦丁处理组与对照组奶牛产奶量差异不显著(P0.05);1.5 mg?kg-1芦丁处理和3.0 mg?kg-1处理乳脂率低于对照组(P＜0.05),4.5mg?kg-1芦丁处理乳脂率同对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),各处理组间牛乳乳蛋白、乳糖、非脂固形物差异不显著(P＞0.05)(2)3.0mg?kg-1处理组血清溶菌酶含量高于对照组(P＜0.05),尿素氮水平第35、65日检测结果低于第5日检测结果(P＜0.05);该处理组奶牛血清谷丙转氨酶由第5日的22.88(IU?L-1)提高到第65日的25.38(IU?L-1),催乳素含量则由12.19ng?mL-1上升到13.94ng?mL-1,提高了14.36%;(3)3.0mg?kg-1处理组血清指标中,免疫球蛋白IgG、总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖、皮质醇、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶含量与对照组比较差异不显著(P＞0.05);血清中雌激素、孕激素的水平同对照组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05),但孕激素水平呈现上升趋势。【结论】芦丁能够提高奶牛泌乳性能,同时保持奶品质,降低奶牛血清中尿素氮的水平,提高溶菌酶的含量。在本试验条件下,芦丁适宜添加量为3.0 mg?kg-1。 【Objective】 This study was designed to investigate the effects of rutin supplementation on milk yield, serum parameters and lactation-related hormones in lactating Chin

The antioxidative activity of natural plant productslacinilene A, naringin, galangin, and rutinwas examined using lipid peroxidation systems consisting of either ethyl linoleate, ethyl linolenate, ... or ethyl arachidonate plus Fenton's reagent. Inhibitory activity of plant products toward malonaldehyde (MA) formation from lipids was measured using gas chromatography. Lacinilene A, which showed the strongest antioxidative acitivity among the chemicals tested, inhibited MA formation from ethyl linolenate and ethyl arachidonate by 100% at the levels of 3.0 and 0.5 μmol, respectively. Natural flavonoid compounds naringin, galangin, and rutin exhibited appreciable antioxidative activities at doses lower than 0.125 μmol. Rutin, which exhibited the strongest activity among the three flavonoids, inhibited MA formation from ethyl arachidonate by 70% at the level of 0.125 μmol. These flavonoids exhibited only slight inhibition of MA formation at levels higher than 0.5 μmol from the ethyl esters of the three fatty acids. Keywords: Antioxidants; lipid peroxidation; malonaldehyde; plant components več

The objective of this study was determined the change of rutin content in buckwheat through extrusion process. An extruded product was prepared by changing the screw speed(180, 220, 260 rpm), barrel ... temperature(80, 100, 120℃), and moisture content(15.0, 22.5, 30.0%). The rutin content was significantly influenced by screw speed and barrel temperature. It was decreased with the increase in screw speed and barrel temperature. Rutin content in buckwheat was not decreased by autoclave-heating buck-wheat, the thermal stability of rutin was confirmed. več

We conducted two experiments to determine how resources influenced the intraspecific and within-plant allocation by tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) to the soluble phenolics rutin and ... chlorogenic acid. We also measured the effect of resource availability on growth by measuring mass and other physical and cellular attributes of the plant. In the first experiment, we subjected plants to four levels of potassium nitrate fertilizer. In the second experiment, we subjected plants to high and low levels of potassium nitrate fertilizer and light. Both experiments yielded results consistent with the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis. Plants grown with low resources showed low levels of soluble phenolics and low plant mass. Plants grown with intermediate levels of resources showed high phenolic concentrations but inhibited growth. Plants grown with high resources had high growth but no increases in phenolic concentrations. The results were also consistent with the general prediction of the optimal defense hypothesis that there should be a negative relationship between growth and defense. We discuss possible adaptive explanations for the specific patterns observed. There were also consistent within-plant differences in phenolic concentrations. These differences in phenolic concentrations were large enough to have potential consequences for insect herbivores feeding on tomato plants. več

The main chemoprotective polyphenolic compounds in the Vitis vinifera berries, rachis, and pedicels of 10 cultivars classified for the production of wine and growing in Southern Moravian vineyards, ... Czech Republic, were studied. The following compounds were determined in the frozen fresh berries: gallic acid (1.8-13.3 mg/kg), catechin (70.3-659.1 mg/kg), epicatechin (67.1-237.2 mg/kg), trans-resveratrol (0.1-1.5 mg/kg), and pterostilbene (in traces); in the freeze-dried rachis and pedicels: rutin (10.5-68.6 mg/kg), isoquercitrine (29.8-218.3 mg/kg), catechin (283.7-2,227 mg/kg), epicatechin (47.2-215.2 mg/kg), trans-resveratrol (2.6-37.1 mg/kg), and pterostilbene (0.01-0.13 mg/kg), respectively. The concentrations of polyphenolic compounds were different in various cultivars. The highest levels of catechin and epicatechin were found in the grapes of cv. Blauer Burgunder (3,195 mg/kg), in which the second highest content of trans-resveratrol (33.2 mg/kg) was also found. več

We used the antioxidant composition of ascorbic acid, rutin, and lecithin. We examined the effect of the composition on qualitative characteristics of plum fruit during storage. The retardation of ... maturation and aging of plum fruit during the storage under the influence of the antioxidant composition was revealed. The use of such a composition preserves the fruit weight, induces their natural immune system and increases the stability of the fruits to the microorganisms. The storage period of plum fruits increased by 10-40 days at the output of standard products in the range of 93.5-96.4%. več

Milk from goats fed borage or hawthorn shows the presence of flavonoids and terpenoids. A comparison between the flavonoid content in plants and goat milk seems to prove that the mammary route is one ... of the excretory pathways. Rutin and quercetin are excreted in part without modifications, while other compounds appear to have less structural complexity, indicating a metabolism that is probably mediated by the gastrointestinal microflora. The presence of phenolic compounds in milk could affect the quality and sensory traits of milk and milk products Il latte di capre alimentate con borragine o biancospino rivela la presenza di flavonoidi e terpenoidi provenienti dalla dieta. Il confronto fra il contenuto flavonoidico delle piante e del latte degli animali studiati sembra provare che l'escrezione mammaria sia una delle vie metaboliche possibili per i composti flavonoidici. La rutina e la quercetina sono parzialmente escrete senza modificazioni, mentre altri composti presenti nel latte presentano minore complessità strutturale rispetto ai metabolici presenti nelle piante, a riprova di una probabile mediazione metabolica da parte delle microflora gastrointestinale. La presenza di composti fenolici nel latte può essere importante in relazione alla qualità sensoriale del latte e dei suoi derivati več