To clarify what is at stake in the contemporary attacks against critical sociology, this article begins by distinguishing two types of critical sociology critiques: those that compare critical ...sociologies with non-critical ones, and those that arise from controversies inherent to critical sociology. Both approaches tend to adopt an overly simplistic view of sociology itself. To counter this, it seems useful to highlight the diversity of the definitions and justifications of critical sociology belonging to the various critical models operating in critical sociology. The first part of this article therefore deals with definitory issues, the second with justificatory issues, and the third with the critical models.
Different understandings of what it means to be critical in the social sciences, especially in terms of the distinction between instrumental and reflexive knowledge, can be illustrated by the ongoing ...conceptual disputes about the critical epistemic value of public opinion and the public sphere as the main instantiations of publicness. The concept of the public sphere has gained prominence in media and communication theory, filling a void created by the decline of critical public opinion discourse, which was overshadowed by promotional publicity and opinion polls. Initially rooted in the German concept of Öffentlichkeit, this idea was revived in the English term ‘public sphere’. Its adoption transcended disciplinary boundaries, sparking fresh critical perspectives in the study of publicness. Yet, this widespread adoption also brought about a certain dilution of the concept’s epistemic depth. The digital age, characterized by the ascendancy of the Internet and the blurring of public–private boundaries, has greatly reshaped our comprehension of the public sphere, and expanded the scope of the concept. Today, however, the public sphere concept faces a fate reminiscent of administrative public opinion discourse following the proliferation of opinion polls. At a time when society is faced with issues related to the control of digital platforms by oligarchs, reevaluation and revitalization of the concepts of the public sphere and publicness become essential for comprehending the dynamics of modern communication.
Crítica científica. Una propuesta metodológica Castillo-González, William; Dorta-Contreras, Alberto Juan
Educación médica,
October-December 2017, 2017-10-00, 2017-10-01, Letnik:
18, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Se propone una estructura tipo para la realización de una crítica científica. Consta de 4 partes o fases: justificación, elementos positivos, elementos negativos y desenlace. La primera parte aborda ...brevemente lo que trata el artículo a criticar y lo cita, en la segunda parte se ubican los aspectos positivos del trabajo, en la tercera parte —que es la principal— se enumeran adecuadamente los inconvenientes o dificultades encontrados en la publicación y por último, en el desenlace, se concluye con el aspecto de mayor valor que presenta el documento. Seguir esta propuesta favorece la aceptación de estas opiniones, comentarios, observaciones, experiencias y objeciones relacionados con artículos publicados en una revista científica. Una adecuada armonía entre las partes garantiza la calidad de la crítica científica.
A structured model is proposed for the writing of a scientific critique. It consists of four parts or phases: justification, positive elements, negative elements, and outcome. The first part briefly explains the topic of the article and its title, with the second part containing the positive aspects of the paper. The third part, which is the main part and lists the difficulties or disadvantages found in the article, with the outcome containing the most relevant positive values of the document. To follow this proposed methodology favours the acceptance of the opinions, comments, observations, experiences and objections related to published papers in a scientific journal. A good balance between these parts ensures the quality of the scientific critique.
Senior undergraduates in the honors or graduation year with an intention to further their career in science would soon face the real world of scientific research as a junior scientist. It is ...important to acquaint these students with and adequately prepare them for the key aspects of a scientist's professional life. These include technical capacities indispensable for continuous and intense appraisal of data and knowledge as well as awareness that would ensure proper professional conduct within the laboratory. We have designed and conducted a module called “Scientific Critique” in the fourth year for Biochemistry majors. The module emphasizes scientific literature review and critique. It also incorporates techniques in preparing research grant proposals and an exercise in peer review of grant proposals as well as lectures and presentations on scientific integrity and research ethics. Positive response and feedback from students are indicative of an appreciation for the module contents, and we believe it of value to include such contents in any senior undergraduate life sciences curriculum.
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