Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality. Shema oral liquid (Shema) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ...approved for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Clinical applications have shown that Shema has antitussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects, but its definite efficacy to COPD is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic capacity and potential mechanism of Shema in treatment of COPD.
Methods:
Network pharmacology was used to investigated the possible pharmacological mechanism of Shema against COPD. A rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced COPD was established to determine pulmonary ventilatory function, serum inflammatory cytokines, and pulmonary pathological change. Subsequently, tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics was used to further reveal the therapeutic targets related with Shema against COPD. Western blot was finally performed to validate the expression of targeted proteins screened by proteomics research.
Results:
Network pharmacology analysis indicated that Shema against COPD mainly inhibited the inflammation and affected the immune system. The animal experiment demonstrated that Shema treatment protected the lung tissue from LPS induced injury, inhibited the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and improved the respiratory ventilatory function by upregulating forced expiratory volume in 0.1 s (FEV0.1), FEV0.3, forced vital capacity (FVC), and the ratios of FEV0.1 (0.3)/FVC. Proteomic analysis and western blot both proved that Shema inhibited the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in the lung tissue.
Conclusion:
The therapeutic mechanism of Shema in treatment of COPD may involve inhibiting inflammatory response, improving pulmonary ventilatory function, and alleviating LPS-induced lung injury through regulating the expression of DNMT1. This study also shed light on the development of therapeutic strategies in treating COPD by intervening DNMT-related pathways.
Cilj je
ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati neke psihometrijske karakteristike hrvatske
verzije Youngova upitnika shema. Istraživanje je provedeno na kliničkome
uzorku od 269 pacijenata liječenih od ...anksioznih poremećaja i poremećaja
raspoloženja (Mdobi = 46.8, SDdobi = 10.5). Provedena je metoda glavnih
komponenata uz ortogonalnu (Varimax) rotaciju. Rezultati provjere konstruktne
valjanosti pokazali su da hrvatska verzija Youngova upitnika shema u većoj
mjeri potvrđuje originalnu faktorsku strukturu (potvrđeno je 16 od 18 faktora
kojima je objašnjeno 56.32 % ukupne varijance toga konstrukta). Cronbachov
alfa koeficijent za cijeli upitnik iznosi .96, dok se vrijednosti
koeficijenta pouzdanosti za pojedine sheme kreću u rasponu .71 do .93, uz
iznimku sheme samokažnjavanje čija je pouzdanost tipa unutarnje konzistencije
.49. Kako bismo provjerili konvergentnu valjanost upitnika, korišteni su
Beckov inventar depresije – II (Beck i sur., 2011) i Ljestvica anksioznosti
kao stanja i osobine ličnosti (Spielberger, 2000). Korelacije između
rezultata na Youngovu upitniku shema i Beckovu inventaru depresije – II
kretale su se između .12 i .62, a korelacije između rezultata na Youngovu
upitniku shema i Ljestvici anksioznosti kao stanja i osobine ličnosti bile su
između .23 i .50. Rezultati su pokazali da je hrvatska verzija Youngova
upitnika shema mjerni instrument primjerene konstruktne i konvergentne
valjanosti te zadovoljavajuće pouzdanosti tipa unutarnje konzistencije koji
se može koristiti za procjenu ranih neprilagođenih shema na kliničkoj
populaciji osoba koje se liječe od anksioznih i depresivnih poremećaja.
This study
aimed to examine some of the psychometric characteristics of the Croatian
version of the Young Schema Questionnaire to verify its construct validity and
to compare these results with results of research in different populations. The
study was conducted on a clinical sample consisting of 269 patients treated for
anxiety disorders and mood disorders (Mage = 46.8, SDage = 10.5). Principal
component analysis with orthogonal (Varimax) rotation was conducted. The
results of examining construct validity showed that the Croatian version of
Young's scheme questionnaire largely confirms the original factor structure (16
of the 18 factors that explain 56.32 % of the total variance of this
construct). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire is
.96, while the reliability for the individual schemas range from .71 to .93
(the exception is the selfpunishment scheme whose internal consistency
reliability is .49). To investigate the convergent validity of the
questionnaire, we used Beck's Depression Inventory - II (Beck et al., 2011) and
Anxiety Scale as state and trait (Spielberger, 2000). Correlations between
scores on the Young Scheme Questionnaire and Beck’s Depression Inventory - II
were between .12 and .62, and correlations between the scores on the Young
Scheme Questionnaire and the Anxiety Scale as state and trait were between .23
and .50. The results showed that the Croatian version of the Young Schema
Questionnaire is a measurement instrument with good construct and convergent
validity as well as satisfactory internal consistency reliability, that can be
used to measure early maladaptive schemas in the clinical population of people
being treated for anxiety and depression.
Cilj. Cilj je ovoga rada istražiti na koji su način distribuirane teme diplomskih radova studenata diplomskog studija Informacijskih znanosti, smjer bibliotekarstvo Odsjeka za informacijske i ...komunikacijske znanosti pri Filozofskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.
Metodologija. U istraživanju je za prikupljanje podataka korištena metoda kvantitativne analize sadržaja, a za jedinicu analize uzeti su naslovi diplomskih radova (po potrebi uvid u cjeloviti tekst). Tako su iz slobodno dostupnih izvora (institucijski repozitorij i popisi objavljeni u Vjesniku bibliotekara Hrvatske) u razdoblju od lipnja do rujna 2018. prikupljeni podaci za 757 radova objavljenih u razdoblju od 2008. do 2017. godine. Podaci su potom podvrgnuti statističkoj analizi gdje je zastupljenost tema diplomskih radova prikazana grafički, dok su promjene u zastupljenosti pojedinih tema kroz godinu prikazane modelom linearnog trenda.
Rezultati. Najzastupljenije su teme diplomskih radova one o uslugama i aktivnostima knjižnice, dok su teme o metodologiji i obrazovanju u knjižničarstvu potpuno zaobiđene. Podzastupljene su teme iz znanstvene komunikacije te obrade i sustava za označivanje. U istraženom desetogodišnjem razdoblju negativan trend odabira tema utvrđen je u skupini 3 (Nakladništvo, tiskarstvo, povijest knjige), dok u drugim skupinama rezultati nisu pokazali postojanje linearnog trenda.
Analizom naslova utvrđeno je da studenti većinom istražuju tradicionalne teme iz knjižničarstva, dok su istraživanja o netradicionalnim knjižničarskim poslovima i okolini još uvijek podzastupljena.
Ograničenja. U istraživanju su prikupljeni samo podaci iz slobodno dostupnih izvora (institucijski repozitorij i popisi objavljeni u Vjesniku bibliotekara Hrvatske) te je, sukladno tomu, tumačenje rezultata podložno nekim ograničenjima: (a) nije bilo moguće utvrditi zastupljenost tema prema različitim obilježjima studenata, odnosno prema tipu studija (redovni, izvanredni, dodatni, bolonjski, predbolonjski); (b) s obzirom na to da je rađena analiza naslova (iznimno uvidom u sam tekst rada), za pojedine radove nije bilo moguće napraviti precizno određenje teme; (c) radovi su kategorizirani prema glavnoj temi, iako se u pojedinim radovima obrađivalo više tema.
Praktična primjena. Budućim studentima rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu biti polazišna točka pri odabiru istraživačke teme za diplomski rad. Ujedno mogu biti smjerokaz i istraživačima i nastavnicima, odnosno mentorima na diplomskim radovima.
Klasifikacijska shema kreirana za potrebe ovoga rada može biti pomoć voditeljima BDI-zbirki.
Originalnost. Ovo je prvo istraživanje u Hrvatskoj koje se bavi istraživanjem tema diplomskih radova studenata Informacijskih znanosti, smjer bibliotekarstvo na Filozofskom fakultetu u Zagrebu. Također, za potrebe ovoga istraživanja stvorena je nova klasifikacijska shema iz područja knjižničarstva.
The Stadtarchiv in Münster, Germany holds a medieval Hebrew fragment with portions of the daily
Shema Yisrael
prayer. Measuring 510 mm in height, this fragment is but a quarter of a large-sized ...parchment sheet, which was designed to be hung on a wall. This study introduces the fragment and describes its material features and then suggests its possible function against the backdrop of talmudic discussions on biblical texts that are incorporated in prayer. In light of the halakhic position that biblical verses should not be recited from memory but only from a written text, the original sheet was intended to provide worshippers with an accessible copy of the
Shema
text, since many did not have personal prayerbooks.
In Swedish oral tradition, as well as in one example of Dalecarlian folk painting from the late 18th century, an invocation of twelve (occasionally fourteen) angels standing around the bed is evident ...from at least the 17th century. This invocation, while having taken on several different functions, has predominantly been used as a bedtime prayer but has also been sung during wakes in the home. It parallels numerous European angel prayers, the most famous of which is probably the German version Abends wenn ich schlafen geh, and can be traced to 14th-century ars moriendi practices. The prayer bears a striking resemblance to the Jewish Ashkenazic bedtime invocation of the four angels Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Uriel, and the two prayers may either be the result of a genetic relationship through borrowing and appropriation or are the result of a shared Judæo-Christian oral prayer repertoire in mediaeval Europe. While the Christian angelic invocation, apart from its (most probably later) use as a bedtime prayer, focuses on death, the Jewish angelic invocation focusses on Divine mystical presence. The conservative development of angelic pictorial representation in mediaeval prayer practices through the early modern period points to the roots of certain 18th and 19th century folk art motifs and themes, and a shared Jewish and Christian heritage behind them.
Promatrajući ju u nizu srodnih koncepata ‒ među kojima su kognitivna poetika, kognitivna lingvistika, kognitivizam, evolucijska književna teorija ‒ rad tematizira kognitivnu naratologiju kao smjer ...razvijen unutar postklasične i novih naratologija. Naznačuje se njezin opseg i doseg unutar kognitivne znanosti, ali se također tematiziraju koncepti poput sheme, okvira, pripovjednosti, parabole i drugi što mogu utjecati na razvoj i preoblike unutar kognitivne naratologije.
Unlike Islam, Judaism and Christianity, religions in antiquity were non-confessional and lacked moral instructions for worshippers. Patron–client associations seemed to depict gods-worshipper ...relations in Paul’s time. In this paper, I argue that Paul in 1 Cor 10:1–4 uses both his former religious traditions and those of the first audience, Jews and non-Jews, to convince them about his novel God–Christ patron–covenant theology. Paul abruptly introduced Moses (10:2), spiritual food/drink (10:3–4a) and Christ (10:4b) into the classic Jewish wandering story in the wilderness to delineate his anti-idol rhetoric throughout 1 Cor 10. Paul paradoxically warned the first audience against their idol-worshipping lifestyles by utilising and transforming Jewish Shema worship into a binitarian God–Christ covenantal relation, and idol-worship traditions to the only patron family god of the Christ-follower community. Paul’s rhetorical purpose of (re)introducing the concept of God as Moses’ God and Christ as an anti-idol polemic is a coherent theme throughout 1 Cor 10 and probably throughout 1 Cor 11–14.
Interest in the oneness language of John’s Gospel started in the 1970s. Many scholarly contributions have been offered ever since. Recent studies show that the oneness language in the Gospel closely ...related to how the Jews had utilised it. This study attempted to sketch the Jewish background of the oneness language useful to understand the similar language usage in John’s Gospel. It employs the narrative approach associated with N.T. Wright. The focus is on the common Judaism of the Second Temple Period, as presented by E.P. Sanders. The structure of the article follows the framework offered by N.T. Wright, namely monotheism (the oneness of God), covenant (the oneness of God’s people) and eschatology (the one future of God’s people). It also explores the impact of the destruction of the Temple on the oneness language of the time. The article concludes by confirming that the oneness language usages in common Judaism illuminate a reading of the similar language found in the John’s Gospel.Contribution This study further applies N.T. Wright’s narrative approach to reading the oneness language in John’s Gospel. It also provides readers with a framework to read the oneness language in the Gospel based on the Jewish monotheism as the language’s narrative substructure.
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