Introdução: Sífilis é uma Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível (IST) curável que é causada pela bactéria Treponema pallidum, possui vários estágios (sífilis primária, secundária, latente e terciária) e ...com diferentes apresentações clínicas, no qual seu acometimento está fortemente ligado a relação sexual sem proteção e ao baixo nível de instrução. Considerando que este é um caso de saúde pública e com altas taxas de casos entre jovens, este estudo busca realizar uma análise do perfil epidemiológico da sífilis em gestantes no Estado do Amapá, no período de 2018 a 2021. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo de dados coletados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), através do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) e do Boletim Epidemiológico de Sífilis de 2022, disponibilizado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Resultados: Durante o período de 2018 a 2021, foram notificados 1105 casos confirmados de sífilis em gestantes no estado do Amapá, tendo o estágio da sífilis primária o mais prevalente com 515 (46,60%) de casos e com a capital Macapá sendo o município com maior registro, 70,85% dos casos confirmados. O ano com maior registro de casos foi em 2019 com 340 (30,76%). Dentre esses, o maior acometimento está em gestantes na faixa etária de 20-39 anos, com 736 (66,60%) casos, também merecem destaque as adolescentes de 15-19 anos com 329 (29,77%), além disso, outros dados com grande relevância é a escolaridade das gestantes acometidas neste período de tempo analisado, em que a maior incidência é entre gestantes que tem a 5ª a 8ª série incompleta do ensino fundamental com 213 (19,27%) casos. Conclusão: Diante do exposto, observa-se que o registro de sífilis em gestantes no estado do amapá, é mais prevalente em jovens na faixa etária de 20-39 anos de idade e com baixa escolaridade, apenas com a 5ª a 8ª série incompleta, o que mostra que a baixa escolaridade e o nível socioeconômico, pode estar associado ao sexo desprotegido estão fortemente interligados no aumento dos casos de sífilis.
La uveítis anterior es causa de entre 5-10% de ceguera a nivel mundial. Existen diversos agentes etiológicos entre los que se encuentran los virus de la familia del Herpes y la rubéola, bacterias ...como T. sífilis, M. tuberculosis y L. interrogans, y parásitos como el T. gondii. Es usual que la presentación sea insidiosa; lo más común es dolor, ojo rojo, visión borrosa y fotofobia. También es usual encontrar precipitados queráticos y alteraciones en iris y cuerpo ciliar, los cuales suelen conllevar a un aumento de la presión intraocular. En muchos casos el diagnóstico suele ser difícil debido a la homogeneidad de la presentación clínica, por lo cual una sospecha clínica alta por la historia clínica, y el uso de diversas herramientas como, el cociente de Goldmann Witmer y RT-PCR. Existen diversos tratamientos dependiendo del agente etiológico que comprenden desde tratamiento sintomático como el tratamiento de una infección sistémica
Kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan komunitas homoseksual terkait Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) sehingga dapat mengubah gaya hidup mereka dan berdampak pada ...penurunan angka kejadian IMS di kota Bandung. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di daerah Bandung Timur pada bulan Februari 2019 dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 40 orang. Pendidikan kesehatan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan media berupa power point serta poster. Materi yang disampaikan terkait pengertian, gejala klinis, cara penularan, pencegahan, pengobatan, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk deteksi IMS seperti gonore, hepatitis B, HIV, sifilis, dan klamidia. Kegiatan dievaluasi menggunakan tes dan kuesioner. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan membuktikan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta terkait IMS. Rata-rata nilai tes peserta naik sebesar 40 poin. Hasil kuesioner juga membuktikan bahwa 92,5% peserta dapat memahami materi yang disampaikan dan 95% peserta berpendapat bahwa kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan seksual perlu dilakukan secara rutin untuk mereduksi angka kejadian IMS pada komunitas mereka. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan yang telah dilakukan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan komunitas homoseksual terkait IMS.
Nesretnici i nevoljnici Zagorac, Ivana
Nova prisutnost,
2023, Letnik:
XXI, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
U tekstu se razmatra način na koji se u hrvatskom javnom prostoru tijekom 19. stoljeća tematizirao status siromaha te osoba koje su bile proglašene umobolnima. Istraživanje se temelji na analizi ...tekstova iz najstarijih sačuvanih novina koje su objavljivale na hrvatskom jeziku te strukovnih glasila liječnika i učitelja koja su izlazila tijekom 19. stoljeća. Polazna pretpostavka je da tiskovine namijenjene širem krugu čitatelja i posvećene aktualnim događajima svoje sadržaje oblikuju prema postojećim trendovima u javnom prostoru. Autori novinskih članaka često ukazuju na predrasude i diskriminaciju spram marginaliziranih skupina, pritom nastojeći potaknuti emocionalnu reakciju čitatelja. Novinski napisi također ukazuju i na specifičan status pojedinih bolesti uma i tijela. Nadalje, urednici novina, jednako kao i liječnici i učitelji u svojim strukovnim glasilima, jasno uočavaju povezanost između života u neimaštini s tjelesnim i duhovnim propadanjem pučanstva. Velike nade polažu se u obrazovanje koje, prema tadašnjem razumijevanju, ima moć sprječavanja slaboumnosti.
The paper examines the way in which the status of the poor and persons who were declared mentally ill was thematized in Croatian public space during the 19th century. The research is based on the analysis of texts from the oldest preserved newspapers that were published in the Croatian language and texts from professional journals of doctors and teachers that were published during the 19th century. The basic assumption is that publications intended for a wider range of readers and dedicated to current events shape their contents according to existing trends in the public space. Authors of newspaper articles often point out prejudice and discrimination against marginalized groups, while trying to provoke an emotional reaction from the reader. Newspaper articles also indicate the specific status of certain diseases of the mind and body. Furthermore, newspaper editors, as well as doctors and teachers in their professional newsletters, clearly see the connection between living in poverty and the physical and spiritual deterioration of the population. Great hopes were placed on education, which, according to the understanding of the time, had the power to prevent feeble-mindedness.
The forty-year Tuskegee Syphilis Study, which took place in and around Tuskegee, Alabama, from the 1930s through the 1970s, has become a profound metaphor for medical racism, government malfeasance, ...and physician arrogance. Susan M. Reverby's Examining Tuskegee is a comprehensive analysis of the notorious study of untreated syphilis among African American men, who were told by U.S. Public Health Service doctors that they were being treated, not just watched, for their late-stage syphilis. With rigorous clarity, Reverby investigates the study and its aftermath from multiple perspectives and illuminates the reasons for its continued power and resonance in our collective memory.
This study analyzes the reported cases of syphilis in pregnant women and the possible outcomes for fetuses and the newborn in Fortaleza, Ceará. It is a cross-sectional study that analyzed 175 ...reported cases of syphilis in pregnant women matched with the corresponding reports of congenital syphilis during the years 2008-2010. Descriptive statistics with absolute and relative frequencies, central tendency and dispersion measures, and the Pearson's chi-square test were used to analyze the statistical significance using the p-value <0.05. Sociodemographic variables of pregnant/postpartum women, the assistance provided to newborns and the outcome of cases were analyzed. The results showed the occurrence of syphilis in young women with more than 85% of inappropriate treatment, 62.9% of untreated sexual partners or lack of statistics and high percentages of non-realization of the recommended tests for congenital syphilis investigation in children. Among the fetuses, five were stillborn, one miscarried and there were three neonatal deaths. The lack of adequate treatment of pregnant women may be associated with morbidity and mortality of fetuses, maintaining this infection as a burden on the list of public health problems.
Seorang bayi perempuan yang menderita sebagai sifilis kongenital dilahirkan oleh ibudengan diagnosis sifilis stadium II yang tidak mendapat pengobatan. Pada umumnyadidapatkan hepatosplenomegali, ...ikterus, kelainan kulit, pseudoparalisis, anemia,trombositopenia maupun monositosis, pada pemeriksaan fisik maupun laboratoriumnamun, manifestasi klinis tersebut tidak ditemukan pada kasus ini. Hal ini sesuai dengankepustakaan yang menyatakan bahwa 50% bayi dengan sifilis kongenital asimtomatik.Pemeriksaan mikroskopik lapangan pandang gelap tidak dilakukan karena tidakdidapatkan bahan pada bayi berupa sekret hidung maupun serum dari lesi kulit.Pemeriksaan radiologi didapatkan gambaran radio luser di metafisis tulang femur kanandan kiri disertai penebalan korteks, penebalan korteks juga tampak di humerus kanan;kelainan ini sesuai dengan sifilis kongenital. Pasien ini diobati dengan penisilin prokain75 000 U/kali intra muskular satu kali sehari selama sepuluh hari. Pemantauan secaraklinis dan pemeriksaan serologis perlu dilakukan secara berkala. Pada usia 51 hari, tidakdidapatkan kelainan. Keadaan umum baik, didapatkan kenaikan berat badan 27 gram/hari, dan penambahan tinggi badan 8 sentimeter dalam 51 hari. Pemantauan selanjutnyayang diperlukan adalah pemeriksaan klinis setiap bulan sampai bulan ke-3, kemudianbulan ke-6 dan ke-12 sesudah pengobatan dan pemantauan serologi VDRL direncanakanpada bulan ke-3 dan ke-6 untuk menilai keberhasilan terapi yang diberikan. Denganterapi yang adekuat diharapkan komplikasi sifilis kongenital dini dan lanjut tidak terjadi.
SAŽETAK
Rad donosi analizu okolnosti pojave prvih eugeničkih rasprava na području Hrvatske od kraja devetnaestog stoljeća do 1918. godine. Na temelju uvida u radove objavljene u Liječničkom vjesniku ...pokazalo se da se eugenička razmatranja najčešće pojavljuju u liječničkim raspravama o tzv. socijalnim bolestima (tuberkuloza, sifilis, alkoholizam), a u kontekstu tada aktualnih javnozdravstvenih politika. Hrvatski su liječnici, slijedeći Lamarckovu pretpostavku o nasljeđivanju stečenih svojstava, vjerovali da se poboljšanjem socijalno-higijenskih uvjeta i edukacijom, ali i prisilnim mjerama poput zabrane braka može utjecati na zdravlje nasljednog materijala te time spriječiti degeneracija naroda. Njihova su polazišta individualnog karaktera i nisu dovela do utemeljenja eugeničkih društava ili razrađenih eugeničkih programa, no utjecala su na ranu institucionalizaciju hrvatske medicine. Eugeničke koncepcije koje inzistiraju na nacionalnom prosperitetu putem biološkog osnaženja nadovezivale su se na južnoslavenski politički projekt te retorički, simbolički i ideološki oponirale Habsburškoj monarhiji.
Sifilis sekunder ditandai dengan munculnya ruam di kulit dan selaput lendir, kadang
disertai demam dan malaise. Gejala klinis siflis sekunder bisa mengenaikulit mukosa,
kulit kepala, kelenjar limfe ...dan generalisata. Dilaporkan satu kasus sifilis sekunder pada
seorang pria berusia 22 tahun. Gejala yang muncul berupa papul di anus disertai dengan
nyeri dan gatal sejak 3 bulan. Pada pemeriksaan serologidi dapatkan VDRL reaktif 1 :
16, TPHA reaktif 1 : 2560 dan DFM negatif. Pengobatan diberikan injeksi Benzatin
Penicilin 2,4 juta IU dosis tunggal. Prognosis penderita baik.
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