The transtheoretical model and the stages of change are often used to adapt treatment to the individual client. The aims of this study were to review the stages of change and popular measures of ...change readiness in psychotherapy and to conduct a meta‐analysis of the relation between readiness measures and psychotherapy outcomes. We report data from 76 studies, encompassing 25,917 patients. Moderate‐sized effects (d = 0.41) were found for the association among multiple disorders, including substance and alcohol use, eating disorders, and mood disorders. Outcomes were a function of the pretreatment stage of change; that is, the farther a patient along the stages, the better the treatment outcomes. This review added 37 studies to the data reported in 2010, further strengthening the link between readiness and therapy outcomes. The article concludes with limitations of the research, diversity considerations, and therapeutic practices for stage matching in psychotherapy specifically and behavioral health more generally.
Background: As nutritional needs increase in adolescence, dairy consumption can play a key role in health and disease prevention; however, unfortunately, inadequate consumption of milk and dairy ...products has often been reported in adolescents. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between decisional balance, self-efficacy, and the processes of change with the stages of change for dairy consumption in female high school students in Shaft county located in the west of Gilan Province, Iran. Methods: A total of 385 female high school students in Shaft County were studied through the census method in 2019. The data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire consisting of demographic information, stages of change and items of transtheoretical model constructs including the processes of change (cognitive process: consciousness-raising, dramatic relief, self-reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, and social liberation; behavioral process: self-liberation, counter conditioning, reinforcement management, stimulus control and helping relationships), decisional balance and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Results: A total of 208 (54%), 53 (13.8%), 56 (14.5%), 32 (8.3%) and 36 (9.4%) students were in the pre-contemplate, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance stages, respectively. As the subjects progressed through the stage of change for dairy consumption, an increase in the mean score of self-efficacy, decisional balance, and processes of change was observed (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The constructs of the transtheoretical model should be considered in designing educational interventions to promote dairy consumption with regard to the stage of change for dairy consumption in the subjects.
To identify predictive factors associated with US adolescents' transition through the stages of change for potentially quitting e-cigarettes using the Trans-theoretical model of behavior change.
...Prospective cohort study.
United States.
We utilized data from adolescents (12-17 years) in Wave 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study who used e-cigarettes exclusively over the past 30 days (n = 177) and were followed up with in Wave 4.
Outcome variables were 3 transition categories: those who remained stagnant, those who progressed, and those who regressed in their stage of quitting e-cigarettes. Predictor variables were socio-demographics, e-cigarette harm perception, e-cigarette use at home or by important people, social norms, e-cigarette and anti-tobacco advertisements, and e-cigarette health warnings.
Weighted-adjusted multinomial regression analysis was performed to determine the association between predictor and outcome variables.
From Wave 3 to Wave 4, 19% of adolescents remained stagnant; 73.3% progressed; and 7.7% regressed. Adolescents were less likely to progress in their stage of change if they perceived nicotine in e-cigarettes to be "not at all/slightly harmful" (AOR = .26 95% CI: .25, .27,
< .001); reported important people's use of e-cigarettes (AOR = .18 95% CI: .05, .65,
= .009); and "rarely" noticed e-cigarette health warnings (AOR = .28 95% CI: .08, .98,
= .054).
Intervention efforts must target specific predictive factors that may help adolescents quit e-cigarettes.
•Tertiary students’ intention to use e-scooter sharing are investigated.•We conduct an empirical case study using survey data collected in Taiwan.•Environmental values, Perceived compatibility, and ...Awareness-knowledge considered.•Differences exist according to mode usage and academic major.•Positive/negative intentions are formed in different ways across Stages of Change.
Micro-mobility may alleviate a number of challenges facing big cities today, and offer a pathway toward more sustainable urban transportation. This research investigates what factors influence university students’ intention to use an electric scooter sharing service. A theoretical framework adapting the theory of planned behaviour was used. Survey responses from 471 university students in Taiwan were collected. Data were analysed using factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Respondents with different levels of usage intention and in different stages of behavioural change display distinct reasoning patterns. Lack of perceived compatibility with personal values, mobility needs and life-style particularly drives students with low usage intention and pre-contemplators, who show signs of “green hypocrisy”. Awareness-knowledge about the sharing system and environmental values influence the formation of usage intention in indirect ways. This study is intended to be a reference for subsequent conceptual and empirical work on e-scooter sharing in particular, and shared mobility with other types of powered two-wheelers.
This study examined the relationships between grit personality, self-efficacy, motivation (autonomous, controlled, and amotivation), and the readiness to change index toward exercise. Participants ...were 391 adults aged between 18 and 64 years old ( M = 31.16; SD = 12.45) from Hermosillo, Sonora (Mexico) who completed questionnaires (i.e., the Grit Personality Scale, the Exercise Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire and the Stages of Change Questionnaire for Physical Activity) measuring the variables of interest. The reliability of the instruments was tested using Cronbach's alpha, whereas confirmatory factor analyses were performed for each instrument separately. A measurement model and a structural equation model were assessed as well. The results of the structural equations model showed that grit personality was positively associated with self-efficacy, and in turn, with autonomous motivation and with the readiness to change index. On the other hand, self-efficacy was negatively correlated with controlled motivation, and positively correlated with the readiness to change index. Finally, self-efficacy also showed a negative correlation with amotivation, which, in turn, was negatively correlated with the readiness to change index. These results provide information to develop psychological intervention programs based on grit personality and motivation, with the aim of increasing the number of participants who engage in exercise.
Ante el aumento del porcentaje de sobrepeso y obesidad a nivel mundial, el control de peso es una conducta primordial de promoción de salud. La presente investigación integra el modelo de ...personalidad Grit, la teoría de la autodeterminación y el modelo transteórico del cambio para tratar de comprender la conducta del control de peso: El objetivo del trabajo consistió en evaluar la personalidad Grit y la motivación como antecedentes psicológicos de las etapas de cambio para el control de peso. Participaron 1351 adultos de México entre 18 y 65 años, quienes cumplimentaron un paquete de cuestionarios con las variables de interés. Los resultados mostraron que la personalidad Grit se relacionó positiva y significativamente con las etapas de mantenimiento, acción, preparación y contemplación y de manera negativa y significativa con la etapa de precontemplación, a través de los tipos de motivación (autónoma, controlada y no motivación), sugiriendo que la personalidad Grit y la motivación son atributos importantes a tener en cuenta en el cambio hacia el control de peso. Este estudio provee de herramientas para la comprensión de la adherencia del control de peso a los profesionales implicados en la consulta nutricional y así promover un mejor abordaje interdisciplinar del sobrepeso y la obesidad.
Abstract Although healthy lifestyles (HL) offer a number of health benefits, nonadherence to recommended lifestyle changes remains a frequent and difficult obstacle to realizing these benefits. ...Behavioral counseling can improve adherence to an HL. However, individuals' motivation for change and resistance to altering unhealthy habits must be considered when developing an effective approach to counseling. In the present article, we review psychological, behavioral, and environmental factors that may promote adherence and contribute to nonadherence. We discuss two established models for counseling, motivational interviewing and the transtheoretical model of behavior change, and provide an example of how these approaches can be used to counsel patients to exercise and increase their levels of physical activity.
This study investigated the corresponding change between psycho-social predictors and physical activity (PA) behavior and if these relationships were dependent on the stages of change from the ...Transtheoretical Model in Minority American adolescents. We conducted a longitudinal field study with N = 357 students aged 13–18 years (M = 14.24 years, SD = 0.88); predominantly Filipino (61.2%) using a test–retest design assessing psycho-social PA predictors (enjoyment, self-efficacy, family support, friends’ support, knowledge, stage of change) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at two time points over six months. Hierarchical regression results indicated that a positive change of enjoyment, knowledge about PA and family support predicted a change of MVPA, independently of stage. The time-varying covariation showed the importance of the current stage of change for enjoyment, self-efficacy and support of friends for a change of MVPA. Overall, our findings suggest that an individual’s current stage of change should be considered to determine individually appropriate starting points and goals for designing interventions to promote PA among Minority American adolescents.
Since the implementation of China's open-door policy in 1978, the number, structure, and environmental conditions of rural settlements have changed dramatically. This study examined the changes in ...rural settlements and the factors behind rural change in Guangdong Province using land-use datasets from 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, a digital elevation model, and data for transport networks and physical characteristics. Different stages of change in the rural settlements became evident: there was expansion from 1980 to 2000 and rapid decline from 2000 to 2010. Urban growth was facilitated by converting high-production cropland. The density of rural settlements was highest in areas with medium-level development: the density was highest in eastern and western parts of the province, lower in the center, and lowest in the north. The patterns and changes in rural settlements were most strongly related to water sources and transport systems; however, some physical variables (terrain, precipitation, and temperature) were significantly associated with the probability of occurrence of rural settlements. We argue that comprehensive, systematic planning systems should be established for rural areas and that it is necessary to recognize the value of the cultural heritage of southern Guangdong. To ensure the success of a rural revitalization strategy, it is important to introduce regional development schemes that resolve inequalities between less and more economically developed areas.
•High production cropland was first encroached by rural settlements if needed.•A consistent spatial pattern of high and low rural settlement density was seen.•Rural settlement patterns were related to economics, water sources and transport.•The maintenance of regional culture and its elements should be highlighted.•It is necessary to strengthen the bonds and remove inequities among different areas.
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